SmartWiki開發日記之Laravel快取擴展-php手册-PHP中文網

SmartWiki簡介請閱讀： http://www.cnblogs.com/lifeil/p/6113323.html

因為SmartWiki的演示站點部署在阿里雲上，阿里雲有一個128M免費的Memcache服務，剛開始按照Memcached的配置方式配置完後，發現Laravel報錯，查看日誌報錯位置是addServer出錯，連不上阿里雲的Memcache。

很無奈，於是安裝阿里雲的手冊寫了一個腳本放到伺服器上，結果可以連接，也可以寫入。

阿里雲提供的腳本如下：

<?<span style="color: #000000">php
</span><span style="color: #800080">$connect</span> = <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Memcached;  <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">声明一个新的memcached链接</span>
<span style="color: #800080">$connect</span>->setOption(Memcached::OPT_COMPRESSION, <span style="color: #0000ff">false</span>); <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">关闭压缩功能</span>
<span style="color: #800080">$connect</span>->setOption(Memcached::OPT_BINARY_PROTOCOL, <span style="color: #0000ff">true</span>); <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">使用binary二进制协议</span>
<span style="color: #800080">$connect</span>->addServer('00000000.ocs.aliyuncs.com', 11211); <span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">添加OCS实例地址及端口号
//$connect->setSaslAuthData('aaaaaaaaaa, 'password'); //设置OCS帐号密码进行鉴权，如已开启免密码功能，则无需此步骤</span>
<span style="color: #800080">$connect</span>->set("hello", "world"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">echo</span> 'hello: ',<span style="color: #800080">$connect</span>->get("hello"<span style="color: #000000">);
</span><span style="color: #008080">print_r</span>( <span style="color: #800080">$connect</span>-><span style="color: #000000">getVersion());
</span><span style="color: #800080">$connect</span>->quit();

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翻閱laravel的Memcached驅動，在 /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/MemcachedConnector.php 中建立Memcached物件的程式碼如下：

<span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span> connect(<span style="color: #0000ff">array</span> <span style="color: #800080">$servers</span><span style="color: #000000">)
{
    </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$this</span>-><span style="color: #000000">getMemcached();
    </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> For each server in the array, we'll just extract the configuration and add
    // the server to the Memcached connection. Once we have added all of these
    // servers we'll verify the connection is successful and return it back.</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff">foreach</span> (<span style="color: #800080">$servers</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">as</span> <span style="color: #800080">$server</span><span style="color: #000000">) {
        </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>-><span style="color: #000000">addServer(
            </span><span style="color: #800080">$server</span>['host'], <span style="color: #800080">$server</span>['port'], <span style="color: #800080">$server</span>['weight'<span style="color: #000000">]
        );
    }
    </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>-><span style="color: #000000">getVersion();
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (! <span style="color: #008080">is_array</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span><span style="color: #000000">)) {
        </span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> RuntimeException('No Memcached servers added.'<span style="color: #000000">);
    }
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (<span style="color: #008080">in_array</span>('255.255.255', <span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span>) && <span style="color: #008080">count</span>(<span style="color: #008080">array_unique</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span>)) === 1<span style="color: #000000">) {
        </span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> RuntimeException('Could not establish Memcached connection.'<span style="color: #000000">);
    }
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span><span style="color: #000000">;
}</span>

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可以看到laravel的Memcached沒有設定setOption方法的選項，只包含最簡連接建立，緊接著就呼叫getVersion來測試是否連通。而阿里雲的示範程式碼是設定了關閉壓縮和使用binary二進位協定的選項的。

沒辦法只能自己來擴充Memcached的功能實作自訂選項。 laravel中擴充快取可以使用Cache::extend來擴充。擴充程式碼如下：

Cache::extend('MemcachedExtend', <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span> (<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">) {

    </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->createMemcached(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">);

    </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 从配置文件中读取缓存前缀</span>
    <span style="color: #800080">$prefix</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.prefix'<span style="color: #000000">];

    </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 创建 MemcachedStore 对象</span>
    <span style="color: #800080">$store</span> = <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> MemcachedStore(<span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>, <span style="color: #800080">$prefix</span><span style="color: #000000">);

    </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 创建 Repository 对象，并返回</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Repository(<span style="color: #800080">$store</span><span style="color: #000000">);
});</span>

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<span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000">*
 * 创建Memcached对象
 * @param $app
 * @return mixed
 </span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
<span style="color: #0000ff">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span> createMemcached(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">)
{
    </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 从配置文件中读取 Memcached 服务器配置</span>
    <span style="color: #800080">$servers</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.stores.MemcachedExtend.servers'<span style="color: #000000">];


    </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 利用 Illuminate\Cache\MemcachedConnector 类来创建新的 Memcached 对象</span>
    <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span> = <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> \Memcached;

    </span><span style="color: #0000ff">foreach</span> (<span style="color: #800080">$servers</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">as</span> <span style="color: #800080">$server</span><span style="color: #000000">) {
        </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>-><span style="color: #000000">addServer(
            </span><span style="color: #800080">$server</span>['host'], <span style="color: #800080">$server</span>['port'], <span style="color: #800080">$server</span>['weight'<span style="color: #000000">]
        );
    }

    </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 如果服务器上的 PHP Memcached 扩展支持 SASL 认证</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (<span style="color: #008080">ini_get</span>('memcached.use_sasl') && <span style="color: #0000ff">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.storess.MemcachedExtend.memcached_user']) && <span style="color: #0000ff">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.storess.MemcachedExtend.memcached_pass'<span style="color: #000000">])) {

        </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 从配置文件中读取 sasl 认证用户名</span>
        <span style="color: #800080">$user</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.storess.MemcachedExtend.memcached_user'<span style="color: #000000">];

        </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 从配置文件中读取 sasl 认证密码</span>
        <span style="color: #800080">$pass</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.storess.MemcachedExtend.memcached_pass'<span style="color: #000000">];

        </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 指定用于 sasl 认证的账号密码</span>
        <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>->setSaslAuthData(<span style="color: #800080">$user</span>, <span style="color: #800080">$pass</span><span style="color: #000000">);
    }

    </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">扩展</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (<span style="color: #0000ff">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.stores.MemcachedExtend.options'<span style="color: #000000">])) {
        </span><span style="color: #0000ff">foreach</span> (<span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.stores.MemcachedExtend.options'] <span style="color: #0000ff">as</span> <span style="color: #800080">$key</span> => <span style="color: #800080">$option</span><span style="color: #000000">) {
            </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>->setOption(<span style="color: #800080">$key</span>, <span style="color: #800080">$option</span><span style="color: #000000">);
        }
    }
    </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>-><span style="color: #000000">getVersion();

    </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (! <span style="color: #008080">is_array</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span><span style="color: #000000">)) {
        </span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> RuntimeException('No Memcached servers added.'<span style="color: #000000">);
    }

    </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (<span style="color: #008080">in_array</span>('255.255.255', <span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span>) && <span style="color: #008080">count</span>(<span style="color: #008080">array_unique</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span>)) === 1<span style="color: #000000">) {
        </span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> RuntimeException('Could not establish Memcached connection.'<span style="color: #000000">);
    }

    </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span><span style="color: #000000">;
}</span>

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網路上有流傳的laravel快取擴充的文章，其中對設定讀取在5.2以上版本不適用。

快取擴充後的程式碼是需要建立一個ServiceProvider來註冊服務提供者。服務提供者是Laravel應用程式啟動的中心，你自己的應用程式以及所有Laravel的核心服務都是透過服務提供者啟動。

但是，我們所謂的「啟動」指的是什麼？通常，這意味著註冊事物，包括註冊服務容器綁定、事件監聽器、中間件甚至路由。服務提供者是應用程式配置的中心。

如果你打開Laravel自帶的config/app.php文件，將會看到一個providers數組，這裡就是應用所要加載的所有服務提供者類，當然，其中很多是延遲加載的，也就是說不是每次請求都會被加載，只有真的用到它們的時候才會加載。

所有的服務提供者都繼承自IlluminateSupportServiceProvider類別。服務提供者大多包含兩種方法： register 和 boot 。在register方法中，你唯一要做的事情就是綁事物到服務容器，不要嘗試在其中註冊事件監聽器，路由或任何其它功能。

透過Artisan指令make:provider可以簡單產生一個新的提供者：

php artisan <span style="color: #0000ff">make</span>:provider MemcachedExtendServiceProvider

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所有服務提供者都是透過設定檔config/app.php註冊，該檔案包含了一個列出所有服務提供者名字的providers數組，預設情況下，其中列出了所有核心服務提供者，這些服務提供者啟動Laravel核心元件，例如郵件、佇列、快取等等。

要註冊自己的服務提供者，只需要將其追加到該數組中即可：

<span style="color: #800000">'</span><span style="color: #800000">providers</span><span style="color: #800000">'</span> =><span style="color: #000000"> [
    SmartWiki\Providers\MemcachedExtendServiceProvider::class </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">在providers节点添加实现的provider</span>
]

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同時在config/cache.php中設定Memcached設定：

'MemcachedExtend' =><span style="color: #000000"> [
    </span>'driver' => 'MemcachedExtend',
    'servers' =><span style="color: #000000"> [
        [
            </span>'host' => env('MEMCACHED_EXTEND_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('MEMCACHED_EXTEND_PORT', 11211),
            'weight' => 100,<span style="color: #000000">
        ]</span>,<span style="color: #000000">
    ]</span>,
    'options' =><span style="color: #000000"> [
        \Memcached</span>::OPT_BINARY_PROTOCOL => <span style="color: #0000ff">true</span>,<span style="color: #000000">
        \Memcached</span>::OPT_COMPRESSION => <span style="color: #0000ff">false</span><span style="color: #000000">
    ]
]</span>

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如果需要把Session也儲存到我們擴充的快取中還需要呼叫Session::extend來擴充我們的Session儲存：

Session::extend('MemcachedExtend',<span style="color: #0000ff">function</span> (<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">){
    </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->createMemcached(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">);
    </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> MemcachedSessionHandler(<span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span><span style="color: #000000">);
});</span>

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之後再.env中就可以配置我們擴充後的快取了。完整程式碼如下：

<?<span style="color: #000000">php

namespace SmartWiki\Providers;

</span><span style="color: #0000ff">use</span><span style="color: #000000"> Illuminate\Cache\Repository;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">use</span><span style="color: #000000"> Illuminate\Cache\MemcachedStore;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">use</span><span style="color: #000000"> Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;

</span><span style="color: #0000ff">use</span><span style="color: #000000"> Cache;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">use</span><span style="color: #000000"> Session;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">use</span><span style="color: #000000"> Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Session\Storage\Handler\MemcachedSessionHandler;
</span><span style="color: #0000ff">use</span><span style="color: #000000"> RuntimeException;

</span><span style="color: #0000ff">class</span> MemcachedExtendServiceProvider <span style="color: #0000ff">extends</span><span style="color: #000000"> ServiceProvider
{
    </span><span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000">*
     * Bootstrap the application services.
     *
     * @return void
     </span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> boot()
    {

        Cache</span>::extend('MemcachedExtend', <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span> (<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">) {

            </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->createMemcached(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">);

            </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 从配置文件中读取缓存前缀</span>
            <span style="color: #800080">$prefix</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.prefix'<span style="color: #000000">];

            </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 创建 MemcachedStore 对象</span>
            <span style="color: #800080">$store</span> = <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> MemcachedStore(<span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>, <span style="color: #800080">$prefix</span><span style="color: #000000">);

            </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 创建 Repository 对象，并返回</span>
            <span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> Repository(<span style="color: #800080">$store</span><span style="color: #000000">);
        });

        Session</span>::extend('MemcachedExtend',<span style="color: #0000ff">function</span> (<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">){
            </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$this</span>->createMemcached(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">);


            </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> MemcachedSessionHandler(<span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span><span style="color: #000000">);
        });
    }

    </span><span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000">*
     * Register the application services.
     *
     * @return void
     </span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff">public</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span><span style="color: #000000"> register()
    {
        </span><span style="color: #008000">//
</span><span style="color: #000000">    }

    </span><span style="color: #008000">/*</span><span style="color: #008000">*
     * 创建Memcached对象
     * @param $app
     * @return mixed
     </span><span style="color: #008000">*/</span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff">protected</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">function</span> createMemcached(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span><span style="color: #000000">)
    {
        </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 从配置文件中读取 Memcached 服务器配置</span>
        <span style="color: #800080">$servers</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.stores.MemcachedExtend.servers'<span style="color: #000000">];


        </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 利用 Illuminate\Cache\MemcachedConnector 类来创建新的 Memcached 对象</span>
        <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span> = <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span><span style="color: #000000"> \Memcached;

        </span><span style="color: #0000ff">foreach</span> (<span style="color: #800080">$servers</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">as</span> <span style="color: #800080">$server</span><span style="color: #000000">) {
            </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>-><span style="color: #000000">addServer(
                </span><span style="color: #800080">$server</span>['host'], <span style="color: #800080">$server</span>['port'], <span style="color: #800080">$server</span>['weight'<span style="color: #000000">]
            );
        }

        </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 如果服务器上的 PHP Memcached 扩展支持 SASL 认证</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (<span style="color: #008080">ini_get</span>('memcached.use_sasl') && <span style="color: #0000ff">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.storess.MemcachedExtend.memcached_user']) && <span style="color: #0000ff">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.storess.MemcachedExtend.memcached_pass'<span style="color: #000000">])) {

            </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 从配置文件中读取 sasl 认证用户名</span>
            <span style="color: #800080">$user</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.storess.MemcachedExtend.memcached_user'<span style="color: #000000">];

            </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 从配置文件中读取 sasl 认证密码</span>
            <span style="color: #800080">$pass</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.storess.MemcachedExtend.memcached_pass'<span style="color: #000000">];

            </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000"> 指定用于 sasl 认证的账号密码</span>
            <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>->setSaslAuthData(<span style="color: #800080">$user</span>, <span style="color: #800080">$pass</span><span style="color: #000000">);
        }

        </span><span style="color: #008000">//</span><span style="color: #008000">扩展</span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (<span style="color: #0000ff">isset</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.stores.MemcachedExtend.options'<span style="color: #000000">])) {
            </span><span style="color: #0000ff">foreach</span> (<span style="color: #800080">$app</span>['config']['cache.stores.MemcachedExtend.options'] <span style="color: #0000ff">as</span> <span style="color: #800080">$key</span> => <span style="color: #800080">$option</span><span style="color: #000000">) {
                </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>->setOption(<span style="color: #800080">$key</span>, <span style="color: #800080">$option</span><span style="color: #000000">);
            }
        }
        </span><span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span> = <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span>-><span style="color: #000000">getVersion();

        </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (! <span style="color: #008080">is_array</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span><span style="color: #000000">)) {
            </span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> RuntimeException('No Memcached servers added.'<span style="color: #000000">);
        }

        </span><span style="color: #0000ff">if</span> (<span style="color: #008080">in_array</span>('255.255.255', <span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span>) && <span style="color: #008080">count</span>(<span style="color: #008080">array_unique</span>(<span style="color: #800080">$memcachedStatus</span>)) === 1<span style="color: #000000">) {
            </span><span style="color: #0000ff">throw</span> <span style="color: #0000ff">new</span> RuntimeException('Could not establish Memcached connection.'<span style="color: #000000">);
        }

        </span><span style="color: #0000ff">return</span> <span style="color: #800080">$memcached</span><span style="color: #000000">;
    }
}</span>

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