1. __construct()和__destruct()
在實例被 創建/銷毀 的時候被調用,都可以傳遞0個或多個參數。
class A { function A() { echo "build A"; } function __destruct() { echo "destroy A"; } } $obj = new A(); //unset($obj);
Note:The destructor method will be called as soon as there are no other references to a particular object, or in as there are no other references to a particular object, or in as there are no 5.開始,一個定義在某個特定的命名空間裡的class中以類別名稱命名的方法將不再被視為建構子。在無命名空間的類別中與原來一樣依舊是建構子。如:
namespace Foo; class Bar { public function Bar() { // treated as constructor in PHP 5.3.0-5.3.2 // treated as regular method as of PHP 5.3.3 } }
如果沒有namespace Foo; 那麼Bar()也將被當作建構子。另外,如果有下面的情況:
function __construct() { echo "construct A"; } function A() { echo "build A"; } function __destruct() { echo "destroy A"; } }
即既包含__construct()又包含與類別名稱同名的函數,那麼只會呼叫__construct()。
2. __call()和__callStatic()
當嘗試呼叫一個不存在的方法時呼叫該方法。兩個參數,一個是方法名,一個是被呼叫方法的參數陣列。
class MethodTest { public function __call($name, $arguments) { // Note: value of $name is case sensitive. echo "Calling object method '$name' " . implode(' ', $arguments). "<br>"; } public static function __callStatic($name, $arguments) { // Note: value of $name is case sensitive. echo "Calling static method '$name' " . implode(' ', $arguments). "<br>"; } } $obj = new MethodTest; $obj->runTest('in','object','context'); MethodTest::runTest('in','static','context');
其中,$arguments作為一個array傳入。運行結果:
Calling object method 'runTest' in object context
Calling static method 'runTest' in static context
也要注意函數的作用域protected和private:
class TestMagicCallMethod { public function foo() { echo __METHOD__.PHP_EOL."<br>"; } public function __call($method, $args) { echo __METHOD__.PHP_EOL."<br>"; if(method_exists($this, $method)) { $this->$method(); } } protected function bar() { echo __METHOD__.PHP_EOL."<br>"; } private function baz() { echo __METHOD__.PHP_EOL."<br>"; } } $test = new TestMagicCallMethod(); $test->foo(); /** * Outputs: * TestMagicCallMethod::foo */ $test->bar(); /** * Outputs: * TestMagicCallMethod::__call * TestMagicCallMethod::bar */ $test->baz(); /** * Outputs: * TestMagicCallMethod::__call * TestMagicCallMethod::baz */
name not exists
name = abc4. __toString() 這個方法類似於這個方法的函數,必須回傳一個string。class Test { public function __get($key) { echo $key . " not exists"; } public function __set($key,$value) { echo $key . " = ".$value; } } $t = new Test(); echo $t->name."<br>"; $t->name = "abc";
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