對於map()它的原型是:map(function,sequence),就是對序列sequence中每個元素都執行函數function操作。
例如之前的a,b,c = map(int,raw_input().split()),意思是說把輸入的a,b,c轉換成整數。再例如:
a = ['1','2','3','4'] print map(list,a) print map(int,a)
第一個map是把列表a中每個元素轉換成列表,第二個map就是把a中每個元素轉化為整數。
而對於zip(),原型是zip(*list),list是一個列表,zip(*list)返回的是一個元組,例如:
list = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]] t = zip(*list) print t
輸出:[(1, 4, 7), (2, 5, 8), (3, 6, 9)]
x = [1,2,3,4,5] y = [6,7,8,9,10] a = zip(x,y) print a
#輸出:[(1, 6), (2, 7), (3, 8), (4, 9), (5, 10)]
#以下是一些補充:
[python] >>> list = [[0,1,2],[3,1,4]] >>> [sum(x) for x in list] [3, 8] >>> map(sum,list) [3, 8]
如果要得到每列之和,需要用zip(*list)先unzip list,得到一個元組list,其中第i個元群組包含了每行的第i個元素:
[python] >>> list = [[0,1,2],[3,1,4]] >>> zip(*list) [(0, 3), (1, 1), (2, 4)] >>> [sum(x) for x in zip(*list)] [3, 2, 6] >>> map(sum,zip(*list)) [3, 2, 6]
#下面的例子是關於zip和unzip(其實是zip和*一起用)如何work的:
[python] >>> x=[1,2,3] >>> y=[4,5,6] >>> zipped = zip(x,y) >>> zipped [(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)] >>> x2,y2=zip(*zipped) >>> x2 (1, 2, 3) >>> y2 (4, 5, 6) >>> x3,y3=map(list,zip(*zipped)) >>> x3 [1, 2, 3] >>> y3 [4, 5, 6]
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