目錄
一. 前言" >一. 前言
三. Beautiful Soup常用方法介绍" >三. Beautiful Soup常用方法介绍
首頁 後端開發 Python教學 Python之BeautifulSoup庫安裝及其簡介

Python之BeautifulSoup庫安裝及其簡介

Mar 11, 2017 am 09:49 AM
beautifulsoup python 知識

一. 前言

        在前面的幾篇文章中我介紹如何透過Python分析原始碼爬取部落格、維基百科InfoBox和圖片,文章連結如下:
        [python學習] 簡單爬取維基百科程式語言訊息盒
        [Python學習] 簡單網路爬蟲抓取部落格文章及想法介紹
        [python學習] 簡單爬取圖片網站圖片庫圖片
        其中核心程式碼如下:

# coding=utf-8
import urllib
import re

#下载静态HTML网页
url='http://www.csdn.net/'
content = urllib.urlopen(url).read()
open('csdn.html','w+').write(content)
#获取标题
title_pat=r&#39;(?<=<title>).*?(?=</title>)&#39;
title_ex=re.compile(title_pat,re.M|re.S)
title_obj=re.search(title_ex, content)
title=title_obj.group()
print title
#获取超链接内容 
href = r&#39;<a href=.*?>(.*?)</a>&#39;
m = re.findall(href,content,re.S|re.M)
for text in m:
    print unicode(text,&#39;utf-8&#39;)
    break #只输出一个url
登入後複製

       

>>>
CSDN.NET - 全球最大中文IT社区,为IT专业技术人员提供最全面的信息传播和服务平台
登录
>>>
登入後複製

##       
輸出結果如下:

import os
import urllib
class AppURLopener(urllib.FancyURLopener):
    version = "Mozilla/5.0"
urllib._urlopener = AppURLopener()
url = "http://creatim.allyes.com.cn/imedia/csdn/20150228/15_41_49_5B9C9E6A.jpg"
filename = os.path.basename(url)
urllib.urlretrieve(url , filename)
登入後複製

#        圖片下載的核心程式碼如下:

#

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

html_doc = """
<html><head><title>The Dormouse&#39;s story</title></head>
<body>
<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse&#39;s story</b></p>
<p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
<a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
<a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
<a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>
<p class="story">...</p>
"""

#获取BeautifulSoup对象并按标准缩进格式输出
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc)
print(soup.prettify())
登入後複製



        但是上面這種分析HTML來爬取網站內容的方法存在很多弊端,譬如:
        1.正則表達式被HTML源碼所約束,而不是取決於更抽象的結構;網頁結構中很小的改動可能會導致程式的中斷。
        2.程式需要根據實際HTML原始碼分析內容,可能會遇到字元實體如&之類的HTML特性,需要指定處理如、圖示超連結、下標等不同內容。         3.正規表示式並不是完全可讀的,更複雜的HTML程式碼和查詢表達式會變得很亂。         正如《Python基礎教學(第2版)》採用兩種解決方案:第一個是使用Tidy(Python庫)的程式和XHTML解析;第二個是使用BeautifulSoup函式庫。



二. 安裝與介紹Beautiful Soup函式庫

       
Beautiful Soup是用Python寫的一個HTML/XML的解析器,它可以很好的處理不規範標記並產生剖析樹(parse tree)。 它提供簡單又常用的導航navigating,搜尋以及修改剖析樹的操作。它可以大大節省你的程式時間。
      正如書中所說「那些糟糕的網頁不是你寫的,你只是試圖從中獲得一些資料。現在你不用關心HTML是什麼樣子的,解析器幫你實現」。       
#下載網址:
##        http://www#        

http://www .php.cn/

        http://www.php.cn/

       

安裝流程如下圖所示:python setup.py install



##        特定使用方法建議參考中文:
        http://www.php.cn/

        其中BeautifulSoup的用法簡單講解下,使用「愛麗絲夢遊仙境」的官方範例:


#

<html>
 <head>
  <title>
   The Dormouse&#39;s story
  </title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <p class="title">
   <b>
    The Dormouse&#39;s story
   </b>
  </p>
  <p class="story">
   Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
   <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">
    Elsie
   </a>
   ,
   <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">
    Lacie
   </a>
   and
   <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">
    Tillie
   </a>
   ;
and they lived at the bottom of a well.
  </p>
  <p class="story">
   ...
  </p>
 </body>
</html>
登入後複製

######       ########## 依照標準的縮排格式的結構輸出###如下: ############
&#39;&#39;&#39;获取title值&#39;&#39;&#39;
print soup.title
# <title>The Dormouse&#39;s story</title>
print soup.title.name
# title
print unicode(soup.title.string)
# The Dormouse&#39;s story

&#39;&#39;&#39;获取<p>值&#39;&#39;&#39;
print soup.p
# <p class="title"><b>The Dormouse&#39;s story</b></p>
print soup.a
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>

&#39;&#39;&#39;从文档中找到<a>的所有标签链接&#39;&#39;&#39;
print soup.find_all(&#39;a&#39;)
# [<a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
#  <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a>,
#  <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>]
for link in soup.find_all(&#39;a&#39;):
    print(link.get(&#39;href&#39;))
    # http://www.php.cn/
    # http://www.php.cn/
    # http://www.php.cn/
print soup.find(id=&#39;link3&#39;)
# <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>
登入後複製
#########        以下是BeautifulSoup庫簡單快速入門介紹:(參考:官方文件)############
&#39;&#39;&#39;从文档中获取所有文字内容&#39;&#39;&#39;
print soup.get_text()
# The Dormouse&#39;s story
#
# The Dormouse&#39;s story
#
# Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
# Elsie,
# Lacie and
# Tillie;
# and they lived at the bottom of a well.
#
# ...
登入後複製
登入後複製
#########        若想要取得文章中所有文字內容,程式碼如下:############
&#39;&#39;&#39;从文档中获取所有文字内容&#39;&#39;&#39;
print soup.get_text()
# The Dormouse&#39;s story
#
# The Dormouse&#39;s story
#
# Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
# Elsie,
# Lacie and
# Tillie;
# and they lived at the bottom of a well.
#
# ...
登入後複製
登入後複製

同时在这过程中你可能会遇到两个典型的错误提示:
1.ImportError: No module named BeautifulSoup
当你成功安装BeautifulSoup 4库后,“from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup”可能会遇到该错误。


其中的原因是BeautifulSoup 4库改名为bs4,需要使用“from bs4 import BeautifulSoup”导入。
2.TypeError: an integer is required
当你使用“print soup.title.string”获取title的值时,可能会遇到该错误。如下:


它应该是IDLE的BUG,当使用命令行Command没有任何错误。参考:stackoverflow。同时可以通过下面的代码解决该问题:
print unicode(soup.title.string)
print str(soup.title.string)


三. Beautiful Soup常用方法介绍


Beautiful Soup将复杂HTML文档转换成一个复杂的树形结构,每个节点都是Python对象,所有对象可以归纳为4种:Tag、NavigableString、BeautifulSoup、Comment|
1.Tag标签
tag对象与XML或HTML文档中的tag相同,它有很多方法和属性。其中最重要的属性name和attribute。用法如下:

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

html = """
<html><head><title>The Dormouse&#39;s story</title></head>
<body>
<p class="title" id="start"><b>The Dormouse&#39;s story</b></p>
"""
soup = BeautifulSoup(html)
tag = soup.p
print tag
# <p class="title" id="start"><b>The Dormouse&#39;s story</b></p>
print type(tag)
# <class &#39;bs4.element.Tag&#39;>
print tag.name
# p 标签名字
print tag[&#39;class&#39;]
# [u&#39;title&#39;]
print tag.attrs
# {u&#39;class&#39;: [u&#39;title&#39;], u&#39;id&#39;: u&#39;start&#39;}
登入後複製

使用BeautifulSoup每个tag都有自己的名字,可以通过.name来获取;同样一个tag可能有很多个属性,属性的操作方法与字典相同,可以直接通过“.attrs”获取属性。至于修改、删除操作请参考文档。
2.NavigableString
字符串常被包含在tag内,Beautiful Soup用NavigableString类来包装tag中的字符串。一个NavigableString字符串与Python中的Unicode字符串相同,并且还支持包含在遍历文档树搜索文档树中的一些特性,通过unicode()方法可以直接将NavigableString对象转换成Unicode字符串。

print unicode(tag.string)
# The Dormouse&#39;s story
print type(tag.string)
# <class &#39;bs4.element.NavigableString&#39;>
tag.string.replace_with("No longer bold")
print tag
# <p class="title" id="start"><b>No longer bold</b></p>
登入後複製

这是获取“

The Dormouse's story

”中tag = soup.p的值,其中tag中包含的字符串不能编辑,但可通过函数replace_with()替换。
NavigableString 对象支持遍历文档树和搜索文档树 中定义的大部分属性, 并非全部。尤其是一个字符串不能包含其它内容(tag能够包含字符串或是其它tag),字符串不支持 .contents 或 .string 属性或 find() 方法。
如果想在Beautiful Soup之外使用 NavigableString 对象,需要调用 unicode() 方法,将该对象转换成普通的Unicode字符串,否则就算Beautiful Soup已方法已经执行结束,该对象的输出也会带有对象的引用地址。这样会浪费内存。

3.Beautiful Soup对象
该对象表示的是一个文档的全部内容,大部分时候可以把它当做Tag对象,它支持遍历文档树和搜索文档树中的大部分方法。
注意:因为BeautifulSoup对象并不是真正的HTML或XML的tag,所以它没有name和 attribute属性,但有时查看它的.name属性可以通过BeautifulSoup对象包含的一个值为[document]的特殊实行.name实现——soup.name。
Beautiful Soup中定义的其它类型都可能会出现在XML的文档中:CData , ProcessingInstruction , Declaration , Doctype 。与 Comment 对象类似,这些类都是 NavigableString 的子类,只是添加了一些额外的方法的字符串独享。
4.Command注释
Tag、NavigableString、BeautifulSoup几乎覆盖了html和xml中的所有内容,但是还有些特殊对象容易让人担心——注释。Comment对象是一个特殊类型的NavigableString对象。

markup = "<b><!--Hey, buddy. Want to buy a used parser?--></b>"
soup = BeautifulSoup(markup)
comment = soup.b.string
print type(comment)
# <class &#39;bs4.element.Comment&#39;>
print unicode(comment)
# Hey, buddy. Want to buy a used parser?
登入後複製

介绍完这四个对象后,下面简单介绍遍历文档树和搜索文档树及常用的函数。
5.遍历文档树
一个Tag可能包含多个字符串或其它的Tag,这些都是这个Tag的子节点。BeautifulSoup提供了许多操作和遍历子节点的属性。引用官方文档中爱丽丝例子:
操作文档最简单的方法是告诉你想获取tag的name,如下:

soup.head# <head><title>The Dormouse&#39;s story</title></head>soup.title# <title>The Dormouse&#39;s story</title>soup.body.b# <b>The Dormouse&#39;s story</b>
登入後複製

注意:通过点取属性的放是只能获得当前名字的第一个Tag,同时可以在文档树的tag中多次调用该方法如soup.body.b获取标签中第一个标签。
如果想得到所有的标签,使用方法find_all(),在前面的Python爬取维基百科等HTML中我们经常用到它+正则表达式的方法。

子节点:在分析HTML过程中通常需要分析tag的子节点,而tag的 .contents 属性可以将tag的子节点以列表的方式输出。字符串没有.contents属性,因为字符串没有子节点。

通过tag的 .children 生成器,可以对tag的子节点进行循环:

子孙节点:同样 .descendants 属性可以对所有tag的子孙节点进行递归循环:

父节点:通过 .parent 属性来获取某个元素的父节点.在例子“爱丽丝”的文档中,标签是标签的父节点,换句话就是增加一层标签。<br/> <span style="color:#ff0000">注意:文档的顶层节点比如<html>的父节点是 BeautifulSoup 对象,BeautifulSoup 对象的 .parent 是None。</span><br/></span></strong></p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre style="overflow-x:auto; overflow-y:hidden; padding:5px; line-height:15.6000003814697px; border-top-width:1px; border-bottom-width:1px; border-style:solid none; border-top-color:rgb(170,204,153); border-bottom-color:rgb(170,204,153); background-color:rgb(238,255,204)">title_tag = soup.titletitle_tag# <title>The Dormouse&#39;s story</title>title_tag.parent# <head><title>The Dormouse&#39;s story</title></head>title_tag.string.parent# <title>The Dormouse&#39;s story</title></pre><div class="contentsignin">登入後複製</div></div><p><strong><span style="font-size:18px"> <span style="color:#ff0000">兄弟节点</span>:因为<b>标签和<c>标签是同一层:他们是同一个元素的子节点,所以<b>和<c>可以被称为兄弟节点。一段文档以标准格式输出时,兄弟节点有相同的缩进级别.在代码中也可以使用这种关系。</span></strong><br/></p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre style="overflow-x:auto; overflow-y:hidden; padding:5px; color:rgb(51,51,51); line-height:15.6000003814697px; border-top-width:1px; border-bottom-width:1px; border-style:solid none; border-top-color:rgb(170,204,153); border-bottom-color:rgb(170,204,153); background-color:rgb(238,255,204)">sibling_soup = BeautifulSoup("<a><b>text1</b><c>text2</c></b></a>")print(sibling_soup.prettify())# <html># <body># <a># <b># text1# </b># <c># text2# </c># </a># </body># </html></pre><div class="contentsignin">登入後複製</div></div><p><strong><span style="font-size:18px"> <span style="color:#ff0000">在文档树中,使用 .next_sibling 和 .previous_sibling 属性来查询兄弟节点。<b>标签有.next_sibling 属性,但是没有.previous_sibling 属性,因为<b>标签在同级节点中是第一个。同理<c>标签有.previous_sibling 属性,却没有.next_sibling 属性:</span></span></strong><br/></p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre style="overflow-x:auto; overflow-y:hidden; padding:5px; color:rgb(51,51,51); line-height:15.6000003814697px; border-top-width:1px; border-bottom-width:1px; border-style:solid none; border-top-color:rgb(170,204,153); border-bottom-color:rgb(170,204,153); background-color:rgb(238,255,204)">sibling_soup.b.next_sibling# <c>text2</c>sibling_soup.c.previous_sibling# <b>text1</b></pre><div class="contentsignin">登入後複製</div></div><p><strong><span style="font-size:18px">        介绍到这里基本就可以实现我们的BeautifulSoup库爬取网页内容,而网页修改、删除等内容建议大家阅读文档。下一篇文章就再次爬取维基百科的程序语言的内容吧!希望文章对大家有所帮助,如果有错误或不足之处,还请海涵!建议大家阅读官方文档和《Python基础教程》书。</span><br><span style="font-size:18px; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-family:Arial; line-height:26px">       </span><span style="font-size:18px; font-family:Arial; line-height:26px"><span style="color:#ff0000"> (By:Eastmount 2015-3-25 下午6点</span></span><span style="font-size:18px; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-family:Arial; line-height:26px">  </span>http://www.php.cn/<span style="font-family:Arial; color:#ff0000"><span style="font-size:18px; line-height:26px">)</span></span></strong><br></p> <p></p> <p><br></p> <p class="pmark"><br></p> <p> </p><p>以上是Python之BeautifulSoup庫安裝及其簡介的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章!</p> </div> </div> <div class="wzconShengming_sp"> <div class="bzsmdiv_sp">本網站聲明</div> <div>本文內容由網友自願投稿,版權歸原作者所有。本站不承擔相應的法律責任。如發現涉嫌抄襲或侵權的內容,請聯絡admin@php.cn</div> </div> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-format="autorelaxed" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5902227090019525" data-ad-slot="2507867629"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <div class="AI_ToolDetails_main4sR"> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-5902227090019525" data-ad-slot="3653428331" data-ad-format="auto" data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <!-- <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank_top"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/hotarticle2.png" alt="" /> <h2>熱門文章</h2> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom"> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797907.html" title="<🎜>:種植花園 - 完整的突變指南" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title"><🎜>:種植花園 - 完整的突變指南</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By DDD</span> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797130.html" title="<🎜>:泡泡膠模擬器無窮大 - 如何獲取和使用皇家鑰匙" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title"><🎜>:泡泡膠模擬器無窮大 - 如何獲取和使用皇家鑰匙</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌</span> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796771.html" title="如何修復KB5055612無法在Windows 10中安裝?" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">如何修復KB5055612無法在Windows 10中安裝?</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By DDD</span> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796926.html" title="北端:融合系統,解釋" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">北端:融合系統,解釋</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌</span> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797896.html" title="Mandragora:巫婆樹的耳語 - 如何解鎖抓鉤" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">Mandragora:巫婆樹的耳語 - 如何解鎖抓鉤</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR3_more"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/article.html">顯示更多</a> </div> </div> </div> --> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR3"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank_top"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/hottools2.png" alt="" /> <h2>熱AI工具</h2> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR3_bottom"> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/undresserai-undress" title="Undresser.AI Undress" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/ai_manual/001/246/273/173411540686492.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_50" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="Undresser.AI Undress" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/undresserai-undress" title="Undresser.AI Undress" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>Undresser.AI Undress</h3> </a> <p>人工智慧驅動的應用程序,用於創建逼真的裸體照片</p> </div> </div> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/ai-clothes-remover" title="AI Clothes Remover" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/ai_manual/001/246/273/173411552797167.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_50" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="AI Clothes Remover" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/ai-clothes-remover" title="AI Clothes Remover" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>AI Clothes Remover</h3> </a> <p>用於從照片中去除衣服的線上人工智慧工具。</p> </div> </div> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/undress-ai-tool" title="Undress AI Tool" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/ai_manual/001/246/273/173410641626608.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_50" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="Undress AI Tool" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/undress-ai-tool" title="Undress AI Tool" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>Undress AI Tool</h3> </a> <p>免費脫衣圖片</p> </div> </div> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/clothoffio" title="Clothoff.io" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/ai_manual/001/246/273/173411529149311.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_50" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="Clothoff.io" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/clothoffio" title="Clothoff.io" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>Clothoff.io</h3> </a> <p>AI脫衣器</p> </div> </div> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/video-swap" title="Video Face Swap" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/ai_manual/001/246/273/173414504068133.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_50" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="Video Face Swap" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai/video-swap" title="Video Face Swap" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>Video Face Swap</h3> </a> <p>使用我們完全免費的人工智慧換臉工具,輕鬆在任何影片中換臉!</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR3_more"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai">顯示更多</a> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://sw.php.cn/hezuo/cac1399ab368127f9b113b14eb3316d0.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank_top"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/hotarticle2.png" alt="" /> <h2>熱門文章</h2> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom"> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797907.html" title="<🎜>:種植花園 - 完整的突變指南" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title"><🎜>:種植花園 - 完整的突變指南</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By DDD</span> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797130.html" title="<🎜>:泡泡膠模擬器無窮大 - 如何獲取和使用皇家鑰匙" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title"><🎜>:泡泡膠模擬器無窮大 - 如何獲取和使用皇家鑰匙</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌</span> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796771.html" title="如何修復KB5055612無法在Windows 10中安裝?" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">如何修復KB5055612無法在Windows 10中安裝?</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By DDD</span> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796926.html" title="北端:融合系統,解釋" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">北端:融合系統,解釋</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌</span> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797896.html" title="Mandragora:巫婆樹的耳語 - 如何解鎖抓鉤" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">Mandragora:巫婆樹的耳語 - 如何解鎖抓鉤</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <span>3 週前</span> <span>By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR3_more"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/article.html">顯示更多</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR3"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank_top"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/hottools2.png" alt="" /> <h2>熱工具</h2> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR3_bottom"> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/92" title="記事本++7.3.1" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/manual/000/000/001/58ab96f0f39f7357.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_72" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="記事本++7.3.1" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/92" title="記事本++7.3.1" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>記事本++7.3.1</h3> </a> <p>好用且免費的程式碼編輯器</p> </div> </div> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/93" title="SublimeText3漢化版" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/manual/000/000/001/58ab97a3baad9677.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_72" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="SublimeText3漢化版" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/93" title="SublimeText3漢化版" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>SublimeText3漢化版</h3> </a> <p>中文版,非常好用</p> </div> </div> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/121" title="禪工作室 13.0.1" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/manual/000/000/001/58ab97ecd1ab2670.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_72" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="禪工作室 13.0.1" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/121" title="禪工作室 13.0.1" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>禪工作室 13.0.1</h3> </a> <p>強大的PHP整合開發環境</p> </div> </div> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/469" title="Dreamweaver CS6" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/manual/000/000/001/58d0e0fc74683535.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_72" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="Dreamweaver CS6" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/469" title="Dreamweaver CS6" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>Dreamweaver CS6</h3> </a> <p>視覺化網頁開發工具</p> </div> </div> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/500" title="SublimeText3 Mac版" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_top_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/manual/000/000/001/58d34035e2757995.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_50,w_72" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" alt="SublimeText3 Mac版" /> </a> <div class="phpmain_tab2_mids_info"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/toolset/development-tools/500" title="SublimeText3 Mac版" class="phpmain_tab2_mids_title"> <h3>SublimeText3 Mac版</h3> </a> <p>神級程式碼編輯軟體(SublimeText3)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR3_more"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/ai">顯示更多</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank"> <div class="phpmain1_4R_readrank_top"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/hotarticle2.png" alt="" /> <h2>熱門話題</h2> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom"> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/java-tutorial" title="Java教學" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">Java教學</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/eyess.png" alt="" /> <span>1666</span> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/tiezi.png" alt="" /> <span>14</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/cakephp-tutor" title="CakePHP 教程" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">CakePHP 教程</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/eyess.png" alt="" /> <span>1425</span> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/tiezi.png" alt="" /> <span>52</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/laravel-tutori" title="Laravel 教程" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">Laravel 教程</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/eyess.png" alt="" /> <span>1327</span> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/tiezi.png" alt="" /> <span>25</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/php-tutorial" title="PHP教程" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">PHP教程</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/eyess.png" alt="" /> <span>1273</span> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/tiezi.png" alt="" /> <span>29</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/c-tutorial" title="C# 教程" class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottom_title">C# 教程</a> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_info"> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/eyess.png" alt="" /> <span>1252</span> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR4_bottoms_infos"> <img src="/static/imghw/tiezi.png" alt="" /> <span>24</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainR3_more"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/zt">顯示更多</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="Article_Details_main2"> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainL4"> <div class="phpmain1_2_top"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="phpmain1_2_top_title">Related knowledge<img src="/static/imghw/index2_title2.png" alt="" /></a> </div> <div class="phpgenera_Details_mainL4_info"> <div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797869.html" title="PHP和Python:解釋了不同的範例" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/001/253/068/174490716137257.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_207,w_330" alt="PHP和Python:解釋了不同的範例" /> </a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797869.html" title="PHP和Python:解釋了不同的範例" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_title">PHP和Python:解釋了不同的範例</a> <span class="Articlelist_txts_time">Apr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM</span> <p class="Articlelist_txts_p">PHP主要是過程式編程,但也支持面向對象編程(OOP);Python支持多種範式,包括OOP、函數式和過程式編程。 PHP適合web開發,Python適用於多種應用,如數據分析和機器學習。</p> </div> <div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797864.html" title="在PHP和Python之間進行選擇:指南" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/001/253/068/174490706146904.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_207,w_330" alt="在PHP和Python之間進行選擇:指南" /> </a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797864.html" title="在PHP和Python之間進行選擇:指南" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_title">在PHP和Python之間進行選擇:指南</a> <span class="Articlelist_txts_time">Apr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM</span> <p class="Articlelist_txts_p">PHP適合網頁開發和快速原型開發,Python適用於數據科學和機器學習。 1.PHP用於動態網頁開發,語法簡單,適合快速開發。 2.Python語法簡潔,適用於多領域,庫生態系統強大。</p> </div> <div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796981.html" title="sublime怎麼運行代碼python" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/202412/09/2024120916311859115.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_207,w_330" alt="sublime怎麼運行代碼python" /> </a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796981.html" title="sublime怎麼運行代碼python" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_title">sublime怎麼運行代碼python</a> <span class="Articlelist_txts_time">Apr 16, 2025 am 08:48 AM</span> <p class="Articlelist_txts_p">在 Sublime Text 中運行 Python 代碼,需先安裝 Python 插件,再創建 .py 文件並編寫代碼,最後按 Ctrl B 運行代碼,輸出會在控制台中顯示。</p> </div> <div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797866.html" title="PHP和Python:深入了解他們的歷史" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/001/253/068/174490710066424.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_207,w_330" alt="PHP和Python:深入了解他們的歷史" /> </a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797866.html" title="PHP和Python:深入了解他們的歷史" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_title">PHP和Python:深入了解他們的歷史</a> <span class="Articlelist_txts_time">Apr 18, 2025 am 12:25 AM</span> <p class="Articlelist_txts_p">PHP起源於1994年,由RasmusLerdorf開發,最初用於跟踪網站訪問者,逐漸演變為服務器端腳本語言,廣泛應用於網頁開發。 Python由GuidovanRossum於1980年代末開發,1991年首次發布,強調代碼可讀性和簡潔性,適用於科學計算、數據分析等領域。</p> </div> <div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796853.html" title="Python vs. JavaScript:學習曲線和易用性" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/001/253/068/174473354083140.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_207,w_330" alt="Python vs. JavaScript:學習曲線和易用性" /> </a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796853.html" title="Python vs. JavaScript:學習曲線和易用性" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_title">Python vs. JavaScript:學習曲線和易用性</a> <span class="Articlelist_txts_time">Apr 16, 2025 am 12:12 AM</span> <p class="Articlelist_txts_p">Python更適合初學者,學習曲線平緩,語法簡潔;JavaScript適合前端開發,學習曲線較陡,語法靈活。 1.Python語法直觀,適用於數據科學和後端開發。 2.JavaScript靈活,廣泛用於前端和服務器端編程。</p> </div> <div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796798371.html" title="Golang vs. Python:性能和可伸縮性" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/001/253/068/174499313063650.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_207,w_330" alt="Golang vs. Python:性能和可伸縮性" /> </a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796798371.html" title="Golang vs. Python:性能和可伸縮性" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_title">Golang vs. Python:性能和可伸縮性</a> <span class="Articlelist_txts_time">Apr 19, 2025 am 12:18 AM</span> <p class="Articlelist_txts_p">Golang在性能和可擴展性方面優於Python。 1)Golang的編譯型特性和高效並發模型使其在高並發場景下表現出色。 2)Python作為解釋型語言,執行速度較慢,但通過工具如Cython可優化性能。</p> </div> <div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796768.html" title="vscode在哪寫代碼" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/202407/31/2024073120544824396.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_207,w_330" alt="vscode在哪寫代碼" /> </a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796796768.html" title="vscode在哪寫代碼" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_title">vscode在哪寫代碼</a> <span class="Articlelist_txts_time">Apr 15, 2025 pm 09:54 PM</span> <p class="Articlelist_txts_p">在 Visual Studio Code(VSCode)中編寫代碼簡單易行,只需安裝 VSCode、創建項目、選擇語言、創建文件、編寫代碼、保存並運行即可。 VSCode 的優點包括跨平台、免費開源、強大功能、擴展豐富,以及輕量快速。</p> </div> <div class="phphistorical_Version2_mids"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797229.html" title="notepad 怎麼運行python" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_img"> <img onerror="this.onerror=''; this.src='/static/imghw/default1.png'" src="/static/imghw/default1.png" class="lazy" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/202405/29/2024052914541688364.jpg?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_207,w_330" alt="notepad 怎麼運行python" /> </a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/faq/1796797229.html" title="notepad 怎麼運行python" class="phphistorical_Version2_mids_title">notepad 怎麼運行python</a> <span class="Articlelist_txts_time">Apr 16, 2025 pm 07:33 PM</span> <p class="Articlelist_txts_p">在 Notepad 中運行 Python 代碼需要安裝 Python 可執行文件和 NppExec 插件。安裝 Python 並為其添加 PATH 後,在 NppExec 插件中配置命令為“python”、參數為“{CURRENT_DIRECTORY}{FILE_NAME}”,即可在 Notepad 中通過快捷鍵“F6”運行 Python 代碼。</p> </div> </div> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/be/" class="phpgenera_Details_mainL4_botton"> <span>See all articles</span> <img src="/static/imghw/down_right.png" alt="" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="footer"> <div class="footertop"> <img src="/static/imghw/logo.png" alt=""> <p>公益線上PHP培訓,幫助PHP學習者快速成長!</p> </div> <div class="footermid"> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/about/us.html">關於我們</a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/about/disclaimer.html">免責聲明</a> <a href="https://www.php.cn/zh-tw/update/article_0_1.html">Sitemap</a> </div> <div class="footerbottom"> <p> © php.cn All rights reserved </p> </div> </div> </footer> <input type="hidden" id="verifycode" value="/captcha.html"> <script>layui.use(['element', 'carousel'], function () {var element = layui.element;$ = layui.jquery;var carousel = layui.carousel;carousel.render({elem: '#test1', width: '100%', height: '330px', arrow: 'always'});$.getScript('/static/js/jquery.lazyload.min.js', function () {$("img").lazyload({placeholder: "/static/images/load.jpg", effect: "fadeIn", threshold: 200, skip_invisible: false});});});</script> <script src="/static/js/common_new.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/jquery.cookie.js?1747061248"></script> <script src="https://vdse.bdstatic.com//search-video.v1.min.js"></script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='_main-css' href='/static/css/viewer.min.css?2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type='text/javascript' src='/static/js/viewer.min.js?1'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='/static/js/jquery-viewer.min.js'></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js/global.min.js?5.5.53"></script> <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function () { var u = "https://tongji.php.cn/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u + 'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '9']); var d = document, g = d.createElement('script'), s = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async = true; g.src = u + 'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g, s); })(); </script> <script> // top layui.use(function () { var util = layui.util; util.fixbar({ on: { mouseenter: function (type) { layer.tips(type, this, { tips: 4, fixed: true, }); }, mouseleave: function (type) { layer.closeAll("tips"); }, }, }); }); document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", (event) => { // 定义一个函数来处理滚动链接的点击事件 function setupScrollLink(scrollLinkId, targetElementId) { const scrollLink = document.getElementById(scrollLinkId); const targetElement = document.getElementById(targetElementId); if (scrollLink && targetElement) { scrollLink.addEventListener("click", (e) => { e.preventDefault(); // 阻止默认链接行为 targetElement.scrollIntoView({ behavior: "smooth" }); // 平滑滚动到目标元素 }); } else { console.warn( `Either scroll link with ID '${scrollLinkId}' or target element with ID '${targetElementId}' not found.` ); } } // 使用该函数设置多个滚动链接 setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_1", "article_main_title1"); setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_2", "article_main_title2"); setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_3", "article_main_title3"); setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_4", "article_main_title4"); setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_5", "article_main_title5"); setupScrollLink("Article_Details_main1L2s_6", "article_main_title6"); // 可以继续添加更多的滚动链接设置 }); window.addEventListener("scroll", function () { var fixedElement = document.getElementById("Article_Details_main1Lmain"); var scrollTop = window.scrollY || document.documentElement.scrollTop; // 兼容不同浏览器 var clientHeight = window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight; // 视口高度 var scrollHeight = document.documentElement.scrollHeight; // 页面总高度 // 计算距离底部的距离 var distanceToBottom = scrollHeight - scrollTop - clientHeight; // 当距离底部小于或等于300px时,取消固定定位 if (distanceToBottom <= 980) { fixedElement.classList.remove("Article_Details_main1Lmain"); fixedElement.classList.add("Article_Details_main1Lmain_relative"); } else { // 否则,保持固定定位 fixedElement.classList.remove("Article_Details_main1Lmain_relative"); fixedElement.classList.add("Article_Details_main1Lmain"); } }); </script> <script> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { const mainNav = document.querySelector('.Article_Details_main1Lmain'); const header = document.querySelector('header'); if (mainNav) { window.addEventListener('scroll', function() { const scrollPosition = window.scrollY; if (scrollPosition > 84) { mainNav.classList.add('fixed'); } else { mainNav.classList.remove('fixed'); } }); } }); </script> </body> </html>