這篇文章利用java開發微信公眾號案例代碼，如何接入公眾號，訂閱號怎麼樣接收訊息,具有一定的參考價值，有興趣的小夥伴們可以參考一下
微信公眾號開發一般是針對企業和組織的，個人一般只能申請訂閱號，並且調用的接口有限，下面我們就來簡單的描述下接入公眾號的步驟：
1、首先你需要一個郵箱在微信公眾號平台進行註冊；
註冊的方式有訂閱號碼、公眾號、小程式和企業號，個人我們這裡只能選擇訂閱號碼
2、註冊完後，我們登入公眾號平台--->開發--->基本配置,這裡需要填寫URL和token ，URL就是我們使用伺服器的介面；
3、Java Web伺服器程式編譯好且在伺服器上部署可以運行的話，可在微信公眾號進行線上介面偵錯 ：
1）、選擇適當的介面
2）、系統產生此介面的參數表，您可直接在文字方塊內填入對應的參數值（紅色星號表示此欄位必填）
3）、點選檢查問題按鈕，即可取得對應的除錯資訊
eg:取得access_token的步驟：
# 1）、介面類型：基礎支援
2）、介面清單：取得access_token介面/token
3）、填寫對應的參數：grant_type、appid、secret
4）、點選檢查問題
5）、驗證成功會回傳結果和提示，結果為：200 ok,提示：Request successful即表示驗證成功
我們在這裡驗證比較多的是訊息介面偵錯：文本訊息、圖片訊息、語音訊息、
影片
訊息、etc
4、介面有不理解的地方，可進入開發-->開發者工具-->開發者文件進行
查詢
5、介面權限：訂閱號碼主要有基礎支援、接收訊息及網頁服務裡面的一些介面
下面我們主要講
訂閱號碼怎麼樣接收訊息
的案例：
1、需要申請一個個人微信訂閱號碼
2、url伺服器和伺服器端程式碼部署（可以用騰訊雲or阿里雲端伺服器）
1）、Accounts
Servlet
.java類，驗證來自微信伺服器和微信伺服器的訊息處理
package cn.jon.wechat.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import cn.jon.wechat.service.AccountsService;
import cn.jon.wechat.utils.SignUtil;
public class AccountsServlet extends HttpServlet {
public AccountsServlet() {
super();
}
public void destroy() {
super.destroy();
// Put your code here
}
/**
* 确认请求来自于微信服务器
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("接口测试开始！！！");
//微信加密签名
String signature = request.getParameter("signature");
//时间戳
String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");
//随机数
String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");
//随机字符串
String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
//通过校验signature对请求进行校验，若校验成功则原样返回echostr，表示接入成功，否则接入失败
if(SignUtil.checkSignature(signature,timestamp,nonce)){
out.print(echostr);
}
out.close();
out = null;
// response.encodeRedirectURL("success.jsp");
}
/**
* 处理微信服务器发来的消息
*/
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//消息的接受、处理、响应
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//调用核心业务类型接受消息、处理消息
String respMessage = AccountsService.processRequest(request);
//响应消息
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print(respMessage);
out.close();
}
public void init() throws ServletException {
// Put your code here
}
}登入後複製
2）、SignUtil.java類，請求校驗工具類，token需要和微信中填寫的token一致
package cn.jon.wechat.utils;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/**
* 请求校验工具类
* @author jon
*/
public class SignUtil {
//与微信配置中的的Token一致
private static String token = "";
public static boolean checkSignature(String signature, String timestamp,
String nonce) {
String[] arra = new String[]{token,timestamp,nonce};
//将signature,timestamp,nonce组成数组进行字典排序
Arrays.sort(arra);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for(int i=0;i<arra.length;i++){
sb.append(arra[i]);
}
MessageDigest md = null;
String stnStr = null;
try {
md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
byte[] digest = md.digest(sb.toString().getBytes());
stnStr = byteToStr(digest);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//释放内存
sb = null;
//将sha1加密后的字符串与signature对比，标识该请求来源于微信
return stnStr!=null?stnStr.equals(signature.toUpperCase()):false;
}
/**
* 将字节数组转换成十六进制字符串
* @param digestArra
* @return
*/
private static String byteToStr(byte[] digestArra) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String digestStr = "";
for(int i=0;i<digestArra.length;i++){
digestStr += byteToHexStr(digestArra[i]);
}
return digestStr;
}
/**
* 将字节转换成为十六进制字符串
*/
private static String byteToHexStr(byte dByte) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
char[] Digit = {'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F'};
char[] tmpArr = new char[2];
tmpArr[0] = Digit[(dByte>>>4)&0X0F];
tmpArr[1] = Digit[dByte&0X0F];
String s = new String(tmpArr);
return s;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
/*byte dByte = 'A';
System.out.println(byteToHexStr(dByte));*/
Map<String,String> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, String>();
map.put("4", "zhangsan");
map.put("100", "lisi");
Set set = map.keySet();
Iterator iter = set.iterator();
while(iter.hasNext()){
// String keyV = (String) iter.next();
String key =(String)iter.next();
System.out.println(map.get(key));
// System.out.println(map.get(iter.next()));
}
/*for(int i=0;i<map.size();i++){
}*/
}
}登入後複製
3）、AccountsService.java服務類，主要是訊息的請求和回應處理，並且當使用者關注你的公眾號碼的時候，可以設定默認推播訊息
package cn.jon.wechat.service;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.ImageMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.LinkMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.LocationMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.VideoMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.VoiceMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.TextMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.utils.MessageUtil;
/**
* 解耦，使控制层与业务逻辑层分离开来，主要处理请求，响应
* @author jon
*/
public class AccountsService {
public static String processRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
String respMessage = null;
//默认返回的文本消息内容
String respContent = "请求处理异常，请稍后尝试！";
try {
//xml请求解析
Map<String,String> requestMap = MessageUtil.pareXml(request);
//发送方账号（open_id）
String fromUserName = requestMap.get("FromUserName");
//公众账号
String toUserName = requestMap.get("ToUserName");
//消息类型
String msgType = requestMap.get("MsgType");
//默认回复此文本消息
TextMessage defaultTextMessage = new TextMessage();
defaultTextMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);
defaultTextMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);
defaultTextMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
defaultTextMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_TEXT);
defaultTextMessage.setFuncFlag(0);
// 由于href属性值必须用双引号引起，这与字符串本身的双引号冲突，所以要转义
defaultTextMessage.setContent("欢迎访问<a href=\"http://blog.csdn.net/j086924\">jon的博客</a>!");
// defaultTextMessage.setContent(getMainMenu());
// 将文本消息对象转换成xml字符串
respMessage = MessageUtil.textMessageToXml(defaultTextMessage);
//文本消息
if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_TEXT)){
//respContent = "Hi,您发送的是文本消息！";
//回复文本消息
TextMessage textMessage = new TextMessage();
// textMessage.setToUserName(toUserName);
// textMessage.setFromUserName(fromUserName);
//这里需要注意，否则无法回复消息给用户了
textMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);
textMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);
textMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
textMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_TEXT);
textMessage.setFuncFlag(0);
respContent = "Hi，你发的消息是："+requestMap.get("Content");
textMessage.setContent(respContent);
respMessage = MessageUtil.textMessageToXml(textMessage);
}
//图片消息
else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE)){
ImageMessage imageMessage=new ImageMessage();
imageMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);
imageMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);
imageMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
imageMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE);
//respContent=requestMap.get("PicUrl");
imageMessage.setPicUrl("http://img24.pplive.cn//2013//07//24//12103112092_230X306.jpg");
respMessage = MessageUtil.imageMessageToXml(imageMessage);
}
//地理位置
else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION)){
LocationMessage locationMessage=new LocationMessage();
locationMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);
locationMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);
locationMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
locationMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION);
locationMessage.setLocation_X(requestMap.get("Location_X"));
locationMessage.setLocation_Y(requestMap.get("Location_Y"));
locationMessage.setScale(requestMap.get("Scale"));
locationMessage.setLabel(requestMap.get("Label"));
respMessage = MessageUtil.locationMessageToXml(locationMessage);
}
//视频消息
else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO)){
VideoMessage videoMessage=new VideoMessage();
videoMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);
videoMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);
videoMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
videoMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO);
videoMessage.setMediaId(requestMap.get("MediaId"));
videoMessage.setThumbMediaId(requestMap.get("ThumbMediaId"));
respMessage = MessageUtil.videoMessageToXml(videoMessage);
}
//链接消息
else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_LINK)){
LinkMessage linkMessage=new LinkMessage();
linkMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);
linkMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);
linkMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
linkMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_LINK);
linkMessage.setTitle(requestMap.get("Title"));
linkMessage.setDescription(requestMap.get("Description"));
linkMessage.setUrl(requestMap.get("Url"));
respMessage = MessageUtil.linkMessageToXml(linkMessage);
}
//语音消息
else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_VOICE)){
VoiceMessage voiceMessage=new VoiceMessage();
voiceMessage.setToUserName(fromUserName);
voiceMessage.setFromUserName(toUserName);
voiceMessage.setCreateTime(new Date().getTime());
voiceMessage.setMsgType(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_VOICE);
voiceMessage.setMediaId(requestMap.get("MediaId"));
voiceMessage.setFormat(requestMap.get("Format"));
respMessage = MessageUtil.voiceMessageToXml(voiceMessage);
}
//事件推送
else if(msgType.equals(MessageUtil.MESSSAGE_TYPE_EVENT)){
//事件类型
String eventType = requestMap.get("Event");
//订阅
if(eventType.equals(MessageUtil.EVENT_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE)){
respContent = "谢谢关注！";
}
//取消订阅
else if(eventType.equals(MessageUtil.EVENT_TYPE_UNSUBSCRIBE)){
//
System.out.println("取消订阅");
}
else if(eventType.equals(MessageUtil.EVENT_TYPE_CLICK)){
//自定义菜单消息处理
System.out.println("自定义菜单消息处理");
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return respMessage;
}
public static String getMainMenu()
{
StringBuffer buffer =new StringBuffer();
buffer.append("您好，我是jon,请回复数字选择服务:").append("\n");
buffer.append("1、我的博客").append("\n");
buffer.append("2、 歌曲点播").append("\n");
buffer.append("3、 经典游戏").append("\n");
buffer.append("4 、聊天打牌").append("\n\n");
buffer.append("回复"+"0"+"显示帮助菜单");
return buffer.toString();
}
}登入後複製
常數
的定義和xml訊息轉換和處理
#package cn.jon.wechat.utils;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.ImageMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.LinkMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.LocationMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.VideoMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.req.VoiceMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.Article;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.MusicMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.NewsMessage;
import cn.jon.wechat.message.resp.TextMessage;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.QuickWriter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.HierarchicalStreamWriter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.PrettyPrintWriter;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.io.xml.XppDriver;
/**
* 各种消息的处理类
* @author jon
*/
public class MessageUtil {
/**
* 文本类型
*/
public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_TEXT = "text";
/**
* 音乐类型
*/
public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_MUSIC = "music";
/**
* 图文类型
*/
public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_NEWS = "news";
/**
* 视频类型
*/
public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_VIDEO = "video";
/**
* 图片类型
*/
public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_IMAGE = "image";
/**
* 链接类型
*/
public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_LINK = "link";
/**
* 地理位置类型
*/
public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_LOCATION = "location";
/**
* 音频类型
*/
public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_VOICE = "voice";
/**
* 推送类型
*/
public static final String MESSSAGE_TYPE_EVENT = "event";
/**
* 事件类型：subscribe（订阅）
*/
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_SUBSCRIBE = "subscribe";
/**
* 事件类型：unsubscribe（取消订阅）
*/
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_UNSUBSCRIBE = "unsubscribe";
/**
* 事件类型：click（自定义菜单点击事件）
*/
public static final String EVENT_TYPE_CLICK= "CLICK";
/**
* 解析微信发来的请求 XML
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static Map<String,String> pareXml(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
//将解析的结果存储在HashMap中
Map<String,String> reqMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
//从request中取得输入流
InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();
//读取输入流
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
Document document = reader.read(inputStream);
//得到xml根元素
Element root = document.getRootElement();
//得到根元素的所有子节点
List<Element> elementList = root.elements();
//遍历所有的子节点取得信息类容
for(Element elem:elementList){
reqMap.put(elem.getName(),elem.getText());
}
//释放资源
inputStream.close();
inputStream = null;
return reqMap;
}
/**
* 响应消息转换成xml返回
* 文本对象转换成xml
*/
public static String textMessageToXml(TextMessage textMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", textMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(textMessage);
}
/**
* 语音对象的转换成xml
*
*/
public static String voiceMessageToXml(VoiceMessage voiceMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", voiceMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(voiceMessage);
}
/**
* 视频对象的转换成xml
*
*/
public static String videoMessageToXml(VideoMessage videoMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", videoMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(videoMessage);
}
/**
* 音乐对象的转换成xml
*
*/
public static String musicMessageToXml(MusicMessage musicMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", musicMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(musicMessage);
}
/**
* 图文对象转换成xml
*
*/
public static String newsMessageToXml(NewsMessage newsMessage) {
xstream.alias("xml", newsMessage.getClass());
xstream.alias("item", new Article().getClass());
return xstream.toXML(newsMessage);
}
/**
* 图片对象转换成xml
*
*/
public static String imageMessageToXml(ImageMessage imageMessage)
{
xstream.alias("xml",imageMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(imageMessage);
}
/**
* 链接对象转换成xml
*
*/
public static String linkMessageToXml(LinkMessage linkMessage)
{
xstream.alias("xml",linkMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(linkMessage);
}
/**
* 地理位置对象转换成xml
*
*/
public static String locationMessageToXml(LocationMessage locationMessage)
{
xstream.alias("xml",locationMessage.getClass());
return xstream.toXML(locationMessage);
}
/**
* 拓展xstream，使得支持CDATA块
*
*/
private static XStream xstream = new XStream(new XppDriver(){
public HierarchicalStreamWriter createWriter(Writer out){
return new PrettyPrintWriter(out){
//对所有的xml节点的转换都增加CDATA标记
boolean cdata = true;
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void startNode(String name,Class clazz){
super.startNode(name,clazz);
}
protected void writeText(QuickWriter writer,String text){
if(cdata){
writer.write("<![CDATA[");
writer.write(text);
writer.write("]]>");
}else{
writer.write(text);
}
}
};
}
});
}登入後複製
繼承
此基類，在此基礎上擴展自己的變量，可根據開發者文件中的各種訊息屬性進行定義
#
package cn.jon.wechat.message.req;
/**
* 消息基类 （普通用户-公众号）
* @author jon
*/
public class BaseMessage {
//开发者微信号
private String ToUserName;
//发送方账号（一个openId）
private String FromUserName;
//消息创建时间（整型）
private long CreateTime;
//消息类型（text/image/location/link...）
private String MsgType;
//消息id 64位整型
private String MsgId;
public BaseMessage() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public BaseMessage(String toUserName, String fromUserName, long createTime,
String msgType, String msgId) {
super();
ToUserName = toUserName;
FromUserName = fromUserName;
CreateTime = createTime;
MsgType = msgType;
MsgId = msgId;
}
public String getToUserName() {
return ToUserName;
}
public void setToUserName(String toUserName) {
ToUserName = toUserName;
}
public String getFromUserName() {
return FromUserName;
}
public void setFromUserName(String fromUserName) {
FromUserName = fromUserName;
}
public long getCreateTime() {
return CreateTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(long createTime) {
CreateTime = createTime;
}
public String getMsgType() {
return MsgType;
}
public void setMsgType(String msgType) {
MsgType = msgType;
}
public String getMsgId() {
return MsgId;
}
public void setMsgId(String msgId) {
MsgId = msgId;
}
}登入後複製
6）、TextMessage.java文字訊息，繼承自5中基類，擴充內容屬性
package cn.jon.wechat.message.req;
/**
* 文本消息
* @author jon
*/
public class TextMessage extends BaseMessage{
//消息内容
private String content;
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
}登入後複製
7 )、ImageMessage.java圖片訊息
package cn.jon.wechat.message.req;
/**
* 图片消息
* @author jon
*/
public class ImageMessage extends BaseMessage{
//图片链接
private String PicUrl;
public String getPicUrl() {
return PicUrl;
}
public void setPicUrl(String picUrl) {
PicUrl = picUrl;
}
}登入後複製
8）、VideoMessage.java影片訊息
######
package cn.jon.wechat.message.req;
public class VideoMessage extends BaseMessage {
private String mediaId;
private String thumbMediaId;
public String getMediaId() {
return mediaId;
}
public void setMediaId(String mediaId) {
this.mediaId = mediaId;
}
public String getThumbMediaId() {
return thumbMediaId;
}
public void setThumbMediaId(String thumbMediaId) {
this.thumbMediaId = thumbMediaId;
}
}登入後複製
以上是利用java開發微信公眾號案例代碼的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！
