本文帶領大家透過5分鐘了解MySQL5.7中union all用法的黑科技,需要的朋友可以參考下
union all在MySQL5.6下的表現
Part1:MySQL5.6.25
[root@HE1 ~]# MySQL -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.6.25-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> select version(); +------------+ | version() | +------------+ | 5.6.25-log | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.26 sec) mysql> explain (select id from helei order by id) union all (select id from t where id=0 order by id); +----+--------------+------------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+-----------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+--------------+------------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+-----------------+ | 1 | PRIMARY | helei | index | NULL | idx_c1 | 4 | NULL | 5219 | Using index | | 2 | UNION | t | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1 | Using where | | NULL | UNION RESULT | <union1,2> | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | Using temporary | +----+--------------+------------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+-----------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
可以看出,在MySQL5.6版本中,執行結果如下圖所示:
從執行計劃來看,是把helei表的查詢結果和t表的查詢結果合併在了一張臨時表裡,然後輸出給客戶端。
union all在MySQL5.7/MariaDB10.1下的表現
Part1:MySQL5.7.15
[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 5.7.15-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> select version(); +------------+ | version() | +------------+ | 5.7.15-log | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)、 mysql> explain (select id from helei order by id) union all (select id from t where id=0 order by id); +----+-------------+-------+------------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+------------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+ | 1 | PRIMARY | helei | NULL | index | NULL | idx_c1 | 4 | NULL | 5212 | 100.00 | Using index | | 2 | UNION | t | NULL | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1 | 100.00 | Using where | +----+-------------+-------+------------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+----------+-------------+ 2 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
可以看出,在MySQL5.7版本中,執行結果如下圖:
Part2:MariaDB10 .1.16
[root@HE3 ~]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql -uroot -S /tmp/mariadb.sock Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 7 Server version: 10.1.16-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> MariaDB [helei]> explain (select id from helei order by id) union all (select id from t where id=0 order by id); +------+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +------+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+-------------+ | 1 | PRIMARY | helei | index | NULL | idx_c1 | 4 | NULL | 5198 | Using index | | 2 | UNION | t | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1 | Using where | +------+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+-------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
可以看出在MariaDB10.1中,執行結果如下圖所示:
從執行結果來看,無論是MySQL5.7或MariaDB10.1,都沒有建立臨時表,依照順序,helei表的查詢結果先輸出到客戶端,然後t表的查詢結果再輸出到客戶端。
本文中的最佳化只針對union all,對union和在最外層使用order by無效。如下圖所示:
—總結—
在MySQL5.7/MariaDB10.1中,union all不再建立臨時表,這樣在聯合查詢時會減少I/O開銷,在MySQL5.5/5.6中則不具備此特性。
以上是MySQL5.7中union all用法的黑科技的圖文程式碼介紹的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章!