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Jquery 選擇器全面詳解

零下一度
發布: 2017-07-19 16:56:40
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1232 人瀏覽過

1   概述

#我們已經使用了簡單Css選擇器的jQuery選取函數: $()。現在是時候深入了解jQuery選擇器語法,以及一些提取和擴充選取元素集的方法了。

  一、jQuery選擇器

在CSS3選擇器標淮草案定義的選擇器語法中,jQuery支援相當完整的一套子集,同時也加入了一些非標準但很有用的偽類。注意:本節講述的是 jQuery選擇器。其中有不少選擇器(但不是全部)可以在CSS樣式表中使用。選擇器語法有三層結構。你肯定已經見過選擇器中最簡單的形式。 ”#te st”選取id屬性為”test”的元素。 ”blockquote”選取文件中的所有

元素,而”div.note” 則選取所有class屬性為”note”的
元素。簡單選擇器可以組合成“組合選擇器”,例如 “div.note>p”和“blockquote i”,只要用組合字元做分隔符號就行。簡單選擇器和組合選擇器也可以分成組成逗號分隔的清單。這個選擇器組是傳遞給$()函數最常見的形式。在解釋組合選擇器 和選擇器組之前,我們必須先了解簡單選擇器的語法。


2   基本選擇器

2.1  一覽表

2.2  範例程式碼

 (1)id選擇器

#將id為lastname元素的背景色設定為藍色

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("#lastname").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11            12         });13 14     </script>15 </head>16 <body>17     <div id="lastname">id为lastname的选择器</div>18 </body>19 </html>
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(2)類別選擇器

#將class為intro元素的背景色設定為藍色

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $(".intro").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11            12         });13 14     </script>15 </head>16 <body>17     <div class="intro">div选择器测试</div>18     <p class="intro">p测试选择器</p>19 </body>20 </html>
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(3)元素選擇器

將p元素的背景色設定為藍色

#
 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("p").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11            12         });13 14     </script>15 </head>16 <body>17      <p>p测试选择器</p>18 </body>19 </html>
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(4)所有選擇器

#遍歷body下的所有元素,將其背景色設為藍色

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("body *").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11            12         });13 14     </script>15 </head>16 <body>17     <div>选择器测试</div>18     <p>p元素</p>19 </body>20 </html>
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(5)并列选择器

 将元素p和元素div背景色设置为蓝色

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("p,div").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11            12         });13 14     </script>15 </head>16 <body>17     <div>选择器测试</div>18     <p>p元素</p>19 </body>20 </html>
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3   层次选择器

3.1 一览表

3.2 示例代码

(1)parent>child(直系子元素,即直接下一代元素)

设置div元素的第一代元素为span的元素的背景色为蓝色

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("div>span").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11            12         });13 14     </script>15 </head>16 <body>17     <div>18         <span>DOM树,DIV第一代</span>19         <p>20             <span>DOM树,第二代</span>21         </p>22         <span>DOM树,DIV第一代</span>23     </div>24 </body>25 </html>
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测试结果:

结果分析:根据如上代码画出的DOM树如下,可以很清晰看出,DIV有三个直接孩子,即第一代span,p,span,代码中div>span,表示div下的直接第一代span,因此,测试结果就不难理解了。

(2)prev+next(prev元素的下一个兄弟元素,等同于next()方法)

设置类为intro元素的下一个兄弟元素背景色为蓝色

 1  <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $(".intro+div").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11             //$(".intro").next("div").css("background-color", "#0000ff");12            13         });14 15     </script>16 </head>17 <body>18     <div>1</div>19     <p class="intro">2</p>20     <div>3</div>21     <div>4</div>22     <span class="item">5</span>23     <div>6</div>24 </body>25 </html>
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测试结果:

结果分析:根据如上代码画出DOM树如下图,测试结果显而易见。

(3)prev~siblings(prev元素的所有兄弟元素,等同于nextAll()方法)

 设置类为intro元素之后的所有兄弟元素为div元素的背景色为蓝色

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $(".intro~div").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <div>G0</div>17     <div class="intro">G1</div>18     <div>G2</div>19     <span>G3</span>20     <div>G4</div>21 </body>22 </html>
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测试结果:

分析测试结果:根据如上代码画出DOM树如下图,测试结果显而易见。

4   过滤选择器

4.1 基本过滤选择器

4.1.1  一览表

4.1.2  代码示例

(1):first(选取第一个元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("span:first").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <span>G1</span>17     <span>G2</span>18     <span>G3</span>19 </body>20 </html>
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测试结果:

(2):last(选取最后一个元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("span:last").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <span>G1</span>17     <span>G2</span>18     <span>G3</span>19 </body>20 </html>
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测试结果:

(3):not(取非元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("div:not(.wrap)").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <div>G1</div>17     <div class="wrap">G2</div>18 </body>19 </html>
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但是,请注意下面的代码:当G1所在div和G2所在div是父子关系时,G1和G2都会变色。

1 <div>2     G1    <div class="wrap">G2</div>3 </div>
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(4):even(索引为偶数,索引 index从0开始)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("div:even").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <div>G1</div>17     <div>G2</div>18     <div>G3</div>19     <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>
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测试结果:

(5):odd(索引为奇数,索引 index从0开始)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("div:odd").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <div>G1</div>17     <div>G2</div>18     <div>G3</div>19     <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>
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测试结果:

(6):eq(x)(取指定索引的元素,x为从0开始的索引)

设置索引为2的div元素背景为蓝色

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("div:eq(2)").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <div>G1</div>17     <div>G2</div>18     <div>G3</div>19     <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>
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测试结果:

(7):lt(x))(取小于指定索引的元素,x为从0开始的索引)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("div:lt(2)").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <div>G1</div>17     <div>G2</div>18     <div>G3</div>19     <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>
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测试结果:

(8):gt(x))(取大于指定索引的元素,x为从0开始的索引)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("div:gt(2)").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <div>G1</div>17     <div>G2</div>18     <div>G3</div>19     <div>G4</div>20 </body>21 </html>
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测试结果:

(8):header(取h1-h6标题元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $(":header").css("background-color", "#0000ff");11         });12 13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16     <h1>测试H1标题</h1>17     <div>G1</div>18     <div>G2</div>19     <div>G3</div>20     <h2>测试h2标题</h2>21     <h3>测试h3标题</h3>22     <h4>测试h4标题</h4>23     <div>G4</div>24     <h5>测试h5标题</h5>25     <h6>测试h6标题</h6>26 </body>27 </html>
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测试结果:

(9):animated(所有动画元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10             function aniDiv() {11                 $("#box").animate({ width: 300 }, "slow");12                 $("#box").animate({ width: 100 }, "slow", aniDiv);13             }14             aniDiv();15             $(".btn1").click(function () {16                 $(":animated").css("background-color", "#0000ff");17             });18         });19 20     </script>21     <style>22         div {23                 background: #98bf21;24                 height: 40px;25                 width: 100px;26                 position: relative;27                 margin-bottom: 5px;28              }29     </style>30 </head>31 <body>32     <div></div>33     <div id="box"></div>34     <div></div>35     <button class="btn1">Mark animated element</button>36 </body>37 </html>
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测试结果:

 

4.2 内容过滤选择器

4.2.1 一览表

4.2.2 示例代码

(1):contains(text)(取包含text文本的元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('div:contains("G2")').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div>G1</div>18     <div>G2</div>19     <div>G3</div>20 </body>21 </html>
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测试结果:

(2):empty(取不包含子元素或文本为空的元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('div:empty').html('没有内容');11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div>G1</div>18     <div>G2</div>19     <div>G3</div>20     <div></div>21 </body>22 </html>
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测试结果:

(3) :has(selector)(取选择器匹配的元素)

即使span不是div的直系子元素,也会生效

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             // 为包含span元素的div添加边框11             $('div:has(span)').css('border', '1px solid #000');12         });13 14     </script>15     16 </head>17 <body>18     <div>19         <h2>20             A     <span>B</span>21         </h2>22     </div>23 </body>24 </html>
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测试结果:

(4):parent(取包含子元素或文本的元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $('ol li:parent').css('border', '1px solid #000');11         });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <ol>18         <li></li>19         <li>A</li>20         <li></li>21         <li>D</li>22     </ol>23 </body>24 </html>
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测试结果:

4.3 可见性过滤选择器

4.3.1 一览表

4.3.2 示例代码

(1):hidden(取不可见的元素)

匹配display:none,,visibility:hidden,capacity:0元素

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $('div:hidden').show(500);11             alert($('input:hidden').val());12         });13     </script>14     <style type="text/css">15             div         
16             {17                 margin: 10px;18                 width: 200px;19                 height: 40px;20                 border: 1px solid #FF0000;21                 display:block;22              }23 24             .hid-1         
25             {26                 display: none;27              }28 29             .hid-2         
30             {31                 visibility: hidden;32             }33         34     </style>35 </head>36 <body>37     <div class="hid-1">display: none</div>38     <div class="hid-2">visibility: hidden</div>39     <input type="hidden" value="hello" />40 </body>41 </html>
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测试结果:

(2):visible(取可见的元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('div:visible').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div style="display:none">G1</div>18     <div>G2</div>19     <div style="display:none">G3</div>20     <div>G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26
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测试结果:

4.4 属性过滤选择器

4.4.1 一览表

4.4.2 代码示例

(1)[attribute](取拥有attribute属性的元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('div[class]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div>G1</div>18     <div>G2</div>19     <div>G3</div>20     <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26
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测试结果:

(2)[attribute = value](取attribute属性值等于value)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('div[class=div3]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div>G1</div>18     <div>G2</div>19     <div class="div3">G3</div>20     <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26
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测试结果:

(3) [attribute != value](取attribute属性值不等于value的元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('div[class!=div3]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div>G1</div>18     <div>G2</div>19     <div class="div3">G3</div>20     <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26
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测试结果:

(4)[attribute $= value](attribute属性值以value结束)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('[id$=div]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div id="first_div">G1</div>18     <div id="second_div">G2</div>19     <div class="div3" title="3div">G3</div>20     <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>
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测试结果:

(5))[attribute^= value](attribute属性值以value开始)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('[id^=first]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div id="first_div">G1</div>18     <div id="second_div">G2</div>19     <div class="div3" title="3div">G3</div>20     <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26
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测试结果:

(6)[attribute *= value](attribute属性值包含value值)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('[id*=first]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div id="first_div">G1</div>18     <div id="second_div">G2</div>19     <div class="div3" title="3div">G3</div>20     <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>
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测试结果:

注释:在属性选择器中,^$符号和正则表达式的开始结束符号表示的含义是一致的,*模糊匹配,类似于sql中的like '%str%'。

(7)[selector1][selector2](复合型属性过滤器,同时满足多个条件)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9          $(document).ready(function () {10              $('div[class=div3][title=3div]').css("background-color", "#0000ff");11          });12 13     </script>14     15 </head>16 <body>17     <div>G1</div>18     <div>G2</div>19     <div class="div3" title="3div">G3</div>20     <div class="div4">G4</div>21 22 </body>23 </html>24 25 26
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测试结果:

4.5 子元素过滤选择器

4.5.1 一览表

4.5.2 代码示例

(1)first-child(表示匹配的第一个元素)和last-child(表示匹配的最后一个子元素)

 需要大家注意的是,:fisrst和:last返回的都是单个元素,而:first-child和:last-child返回的都是集合元素。举个 例子:div:first返回的是整个DOM文档中第一个div元素,而div:first-child是返回所有div元素下的第一个元素合并后的集 合。

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("div:first-child").css("background-color", "#B2E0FF");11             $("div:last-child").css("background-color", "red");12         });13     </script>14 </head>15 <body>16      <div>17          <div>1</div>18          <div>2</div>19          <p>3</p>20      </div>21     <div>4</div>22     <div>last</div>23 </body>24 </html>
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测试结果:

(3)only-child(当某个元素有且仅有一个子元素时,:only-child才会生效)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $("div:only-child").css("background-color", "red");11          });12     </script>13 </head>14 <body>15      <div>16          <div>1</div>17          <div>2</div>18          <p>3</p>19      </div>20     <div>4</div>21     <div>last22     <div>ddd</div>23     </div>24 </body>25 </html>
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测试结果:

(4)nth-child

看到这个就想起英文单词里的,fourth, fifth, sixth……,nth表示第n个,:nth-child就表示第n个child元素。要注意的是,这儿的n不像eq(x)、gt(x)或lt(x)是从 0开始的,它是从1开始的,英文里好像也没有zeroth这样的序号词吧。

:nth-child有三种用法:

1) :nth-child(x),获取第x个子元素
2) :nth-child(even)和:nth-child(odd),从1开始,获取第偶数个元素或第奇数个元素
3) :nth-child(xn+y),x>=0,y>=0。例如x = 3, y = 0时就是3n,表示取第3n个元素(n>=0)。实际上xn+y是上面两种的通项式。(当x=0,y>=0时,等同于:hth- child(x);当x=2,y=0时,等同于nth-child(even);当x=2,y=1时,等同于:nth-child(odd))

4.6 表单对象属性过滤选择器

4.6.1 一览表

4.6.2 代码示例

(1):enabled和:disabled(取可用或不可用元素)

:enabled和:diabled的匹配范围包括input, select, textarea

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $(':enabled').css('border', '1px solid #FF0000');11             $(':disabled').css('border', '1px solid #0000FF');12         });13 14     </script>15     16 </head>17 <body>18     <div>19         <input type="text" value="可用的文本框" />20     </div>21     <div>22         <input type="text" disabled="disabled" value="不可用的文本框" />23     </div>24     <div>25         <textarea disabled="disabled">不可用的文本域</textarea>26     </div>27     <div>28         <select disabled="disabled">29             <option>English</option>30             <option>简体中文</option>31         </select>32     </div>33 </body>34 </html>
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测试结果:

(2):checked(取选中的单选框或复选框元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $(".btn1").click(function () {11                 $(":checked").hide();12             });13         });14     </script>15     16 </head>17 <body>18     <input type="radio" name="sex" value="male" checked="checked" /> Male19     <br />20     <input type="radio" name="sex" value="female" /> Female21     <br />22     I have a bike:23     <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Bike" />24     <br />25     I have a car:26     <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Car" checked="checked" />27     <br />28     I have an airplane:29     <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Airplane" />30     <button class="btn1">Hide Checked Options</button>31 32 </body>33 </html>
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(3):selected(取下拉列表被选中的元素)

 1 <html> 2 <head> 3 <script type="text/javascript" src="/jquery/jquery.js"></script> 4 <script type="text/javascript"> 5 $(document).ready(function(){ 6   $(".btn1").click(function(){ 7     $(":selected").hide(); 8   }); 9 });10 </script>11 </head>12 <body>13 14 <select multiple="multiple">15   <option>Volvo</option>16   <option selected="selected">Saab</option>17   <option>Mercedes</option>18   <option>Audi</option>19 </select>20 <br />21 <button class="btn1">Hide Selected</button>22 </body>23 </html>
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5   表单选择器

5.1 一览表

5.2 测试代码

(1):input()(选择所有input元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $(":input").css("background-color", "#B2E0FF");11         });12     </script>13 </head>14 <body>15     <form action="">16         Name: <input type="text" name="user" />17         <br />18         Password: <input type="password" name="password" />19         <br />20         <button type="button">Useless Button</button>21         <input type="button" value="Another useless button" />22         <br />23         <input type="reset" value="Reset" />24         <input type="submit" value="Submit" />25         <br />26     </form>27 </body>28 </html>
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测试结果:

(2):text(选取所有text元素)

 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2  3 <html> 4 <head> 5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> 6     <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> 7     <title>JQuery函数</title> 8     <script type="text/javascript"> 9         $(document).ready(function () {10             $(":text").css("background-color", "#B2E0FF");11         });12     </script>13 </head>14 <body>15     <form action="">16         Name: <input type="text" name="user" />17         <br />18         Password: <input type="password" name="password" />19         <br />20         <button type="button">Useless Button</button>21         <input type="button" value="Another useless button" />22         <br />23         <input type="reset" value="Reset" />24         <input type="submit" value="Submit" />25         <br />26     </form>27 </body>28 </html>
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测试结果:

(3):select和:button

(4)其他表单元素比较简单,在此不列举。

以上是Jquery 選擇器全面詳解的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章!

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