最近一個專案因為要用到Socket傳輸問題,所以決定學習一下,將自己學習的內容總結分享出來,下面這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關於C# .NET中Socket簡單實用框架使用的相關資料,文中透過範例程式碼介紹的非常詳細,需要的朋友可以參考下。
前言
一說到Socket,想必大家都或多或少有所涉及,從最初的電腦網路課程,講述了tcp協議,而Socket就是對協議的進一步封裝,使我們開發人員能夠更容易輕鬆的進行軟體之間的通訊。
這個星期剛好接受一個共享車位鎖的項目,需要使用Socket與硬體進行通信控制,說白了也就是給鎖發送指令,控制其打開或者關閉,再就是對App開放操作接口,使其方便測試以及使用者的使用。這其中核心就是Socket的使用,再開發出這個功能之後,我發現使用起來很不方便,於是耗時2天抽像其核心功能並封裝成框架,最後使用這個框架將原來的項目重構並上線,極大的提高了軟體的可拓展性,健壯性,容錯率。
個人堅信的原則:萬物皆對象
好了,不廢話了,下面進入正文
##正文:
1、先簡單講下C#中Socket的簡單使用。
第一步:服務端監聽某個連接埠第二步:客戶端向服務端位址和連接埠啟動Socket連線請求第三步:服務端收到連線請求後建立Socket連接,並維護這個連線佇列。 第四步:客戶端和服務端已經建立雙工通訊(即雙向通訊),客戶端和服務端可以輕鬆方便的給彼此發送訊息。 至於簡單使用的具體實現程式碼全部被我封裝到專案中了,如果需要學習簡單的實現,可以看我的源碼,也可以自行百度,有很多的教程2、核心,框架的使用
其實,說其為框架,可能有點牽強,因為每個人對框架都有自己的理解,但是類別庫和框架又有什麼本質區別呢?全部都是程式碼~哈哈,扯遠了首先,空說無憑,先放上所有的程式碼:服務端原始檔:SocketServer.csusing System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; namespace Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets { /// <summary> /// Socket服务端 /// </summary> public class SocketServer { #region 构造函数 /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="ip">监听的IP地址</param> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public SocketServer(string ip, int port) { _ip = ip; _port = port; } /// <summary> /// 构造函数,监听IP地址默认为本机0.0.0.0 /// </summary> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public SocketServer(int port) { _ip = "0.0.0.0"; _port = port; } #endregion #region 内部成员 private Socket _socket = null; private string _ip = ""; private int _port = 0; private bool _isListen = true; private void StartListen() { try { _socket.BeginAccept(asyncResult => { try { Socket newSocket = _socket.EndAccept(asyncResult); //马上进行下一轮监听,增加吞吐量 if (_isListen) StartListen(); SocketConnection newClient = new SocketConnection(newSocket, this) { HandleRecMsg = HandleRecMsg == null ? null : new Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer>(HandleRecMsg), HandleClientClose = HandleClientClose == null ? null : new Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer>(HandleClientClose), HandleSendMsg = HandleSendMsg == null ? null : new Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer>(HandleSendMsg), HandleException = HandleException == null ? null : new Action<Exception>(HandleException) }; newClient.StartRecMsg(); ClientList.AddLast(newClient); HandleNewClientConnected?.Invoke(this, newClient); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } #endregion #region 外部接口 /// <summary> /// 开始服务,监听客户端 /// </summary> public void StartServer() { try { //实例化套接字(ip4寻址协议,流式传输,TCP协议) _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); //创建ip对象 IPAddress address = IPAddress.Parse(_ip); //创建网络节点对象包含ip和port IPEndPoint endpoint = new IPEndPoint(address, _port); //将 监听套接字绑定到 对应的IP和端口 _socket.Bind(endpoint); //设置监听队列长度为Int32最大值(同时能够处理连接请求数量) _socket.Listen(int.MaxValue); //开始监听客户端 StartListen(); HandleServerStarted?.Invoke(this); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 所有连接的客户端列表 /// </summary> public LinkedList<SocketConnection> ClientList { get; set; } = new LinkedList<SocketConnection>(); /// <summary> /// 关闭指定客户端连接 /// </summary> /// <param name="theClient">指定的客户端连接</param> public void CloseClient(SocketConnection theClient) { theClient.Close(); } #endregion #region 公共事件 /// <summary> /// 异常处理程序 /// </summary> public Action<Exception> HandleException { get; set; } #endregion #region 服务端事件 /// <summary> /// 服务启动后执行 /// </summary> public Action<SocketServer> HandleServerStarted { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 当新客户端连接后执行 /// </summary> public Action<SocketServer, SocketConnection> HandleNewClientConnected { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 服务端关闭客户端后执行 /// </summary> public Action<SocketServer, SocketConnection> HandleCloseClient { get; set; } #endregion #region 客户端连接事件 /// <summary> /// 客户端连接接受新的消息后调用 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleRecMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleSendMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接关闭后回调 /// </summary> public Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleClientClose { get; set; } #endregion } }
using System; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; namespace Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets { /// <summary> /// Socket连接,双向通信 /// </summary> public class SocketConnection { #region 构造函数 public SocketConnection(Socket socket,SocketServer server) { _socket = socket; _server = server; } #endregion #region 私有成员 private readonly Socket _socket; private bool _isRec=true; private SocketServer _server = null; private bool IsSocketConnected() { bool part1 = _socket.Poll(1000, SelectMode.SelectRead); bool part2 = (_socket.Available == 0); if (part1 && part2) return false; else return true; } #endregion #region 外部接口 /// <summary> /// 开始接受客户端消息 /// </summary> public void StartRecMsg() { try { byte[] container = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2]; _socket.BeginReceive(container, 0, container.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult => { try { int length = _socket.EndReceive(asyncResult); //马上进行下一轮接受,增加吞吐量 if (length > 0 && _isRec && IsSocketConnected()) StartRecMsg(); if (length > 0) { byte[] recBytes = new byte[length]; Array.Copy(container, 0, recBytes, 0, length); //处理消息 HandleRecMsg?.Invoke(recBytes, this, _server); } else Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); Close(); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); Close(); } } /// <summary> /// 发送数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="bytes">数据字节</param> public void Send(byte[] bytes) { try { _socket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult => { try { int length = _socket.EndSend(asyncResult); HandleSendMsg?.Invoke(bytes, this, _server); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(默认使用UTF-8编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgStr">字符串</param> public void Send(string msgStr) { Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msgStr)); } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(使用自定义编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgStr">字符串消息</param> /// <param name="encoding">使用的编码</param> public void Send(string msgStr,Encoding encoding) { Send(encoding.GetBytes(msgStr)); } /// <summary> /// 传入自定义属性 /// </summary> public object Property { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 关闭当前连接 /// </summary> public void Close() { try { _isRec = false; _socket.Disconnect(false); _server.ClientList.Remove(this); HandleClientClose?.Invoke(this, _server); _socket.Close(); _socket.Dispose(); GC.Collect(); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } #endregion #region 事件处理 /// <summary> /// 客户端连接接受新的消息后调用 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleRecMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleSendMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接关闭后回调 /// </summary> public Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer> HandleClientClose { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 异常处理程序 /// </summary> public Action<Exception> HandleException { get; set; } #endregion } }
using System; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; namespace Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets { /// <summary> /// Socket客户端 /// </summary> public class SocketClient { #region 构造函数 /// <summary> /// 构造函数,连接服务器IP地址默认为本机127.0.0.1 /// </summary> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public SocketClient(int port) { _ip = "127.0.0.1"; _port = port; } /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="ip">监听的IP地址</param> /// <param name="port">监听的端口</param> public SocketClient(string ip, int port) { _ip = ip; _port = port; } #endregion #region 内部成员 private Socket _socket = null; private string _ip = ""; private int _port = 0; private bool _isRec=true; private bool IsSocketConnected() { bool part1 = _socket.Poll(1000, SelectMode.SelectRead); bool part2 = (_socket.Available == 0); if (part1 && part2) return false; else return true; } /// <summary> /// 开始接受客户端消息 /// </summary> public void StartRecMsg() { try { byte[] container = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 2]; _socket.BeginReceive(container, 0, container.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult => { try { int length = _socket.EndReceive(asyncResult); //马上进行下一轮接受,增加吞吐量 if (length > 0 && _isRec && IsSocketConnected()) StartRecMsg(); if (length > 0) { byte[] recBytes = new byte[length]; Array.Copy(container, 0, recBytes, 0, length); //处理消息 HandleRecMsg?.Invoke(recBytes, this); } else Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); Close(); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); Close(); } } #endregion #region 外部接口 /// <summary> /// 开始服务,连接服务端 /// </summary> public void StartClient() { try { //实例化 套接字 (ip4寻址协议,流式传输,TCP协议) _socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); //创建 ip对象 IPAddress address = IPAddress.Parse(_ip); //创建网络节点对象 包含 ip和port IPEndPoint endpoint = new IPEndPoint(address, _port); //将 监听套接字 绑定到 对应的IP和端口 _socket.BeginConnect(endpoint, asyncResult => { try { _socket.EndConnect(asyncResult); //开始接受服务器消息 StartRecMsg(); HandleClientStarted?.Invoke(this); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 发送数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="bytes">数据字节</param> public void Send(byte[] bytes) { try { _socket.BeginSend(bytes, 0, bytes.Length, SocketFlags.None, asyncResult => { try { int length = _socket.EndSend(asyncResult); HandleSendMsg?.Invoke(bytes, this); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } }, null); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(默认使用UTF-8编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgStr">字符串</param> public void Send(string msgStr) { Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msgStr)); } /// <summary> /// 发送字符串(使用自定义编码) /// </summary> /// <param name="msgStr">字符串消息</param> /// <param name="encoding">使用的编码</param> public void Send(string msgStr, Encoding encoding) { Send(encoding.GetBytes(msgStr)); } /// <summary> /// 传入自定义属性 /// </summary> public object Property { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 关闭与服务器的连接 /// </summary> public void Close() { try { _isRec = false; _socket.Disconnect(false); HandleClientClose?.Invoke(this); } catch (Exception ex) { HandleException?.Invoke(ex); } } #endregion #region 事件处理 /// <summary> /// 客户端连接建立后回调 /// </summary> public Action<SocketClient> HandleClientStarted { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 处理接受消息的委托 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketClient> HandleRecMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接发送消息后回调 /// </summary> public Action<byte[], SocketClient> HandleSendMsg { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 客户端连接关闭后回调 /// </summary> public Action<SocketClient> HandleClientClose { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 异常处理程序 /// </summary> public Action<Exception> HandleException { get; set; } #endregion } }
using Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets; using System; using System.Text; namespace Console_Server { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //创建服务器对象,默认监听本机0.0.0.0,端口12345 SocketServer server = new SocketServer(12345); //处理从客户端收到的消息 server.HandleRecMsg = new Action<byte[], SocketConnection, SocketServer>((bytes, client, theServer) => { string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); Console.WriteLine($"收到消息:{msg}"); }); //处理服务器启动后事件 server.HandleServerStarted = new Action<SocketServer>(theServer => { Console.WriteLine("服务已启动************"); }); //处理新的客户端连接后的事件 server.HandleNewClientConnected = new Action<SocketServer, SocketConnection>((theServer, theCon) => { Console.WriteLine($@"一个新的客户端接入,当前连接数:{theServer.ClientList.Count}"); }); //处理客户端连接关闭后的事件 server.HandleClientClose = new Action<SocketConnection, SocketServer>((theCon, theServer) => { Console.WriteLine($@"一个客户端关闭,当前连接数为:{theServer.ClientList.Count}"); }); //处理异常 server.HandleException = new Action<Exception>(ex => { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); }); //服务器启动 server.StartServer(); while (true) { Console.WriteLine("输入:quit,关闭服务器"); string op = Console.ReadLine(); if (op == "quit") break; } } } }
##
using Coldairarrow.Util.Sockets; using System; using System.Text; namespace Console_Client { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //创建客户端对象,默认连接本机127.0.0.1,端口为12345 SocketClient client = new SocketClient(12345); //绑定当收到服务器发送的消息后的处理事件 client.HandleRecMsg = new Action<byte[], SocketClient>((bytes, theClient) => { string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); Console.WriteLine($"收到消息:{msg}"); }); //绑定向服务器发送消息后的处理事件 client.HandleSendMsg = new Action<byte[], SocketClient>((bytes, theClient) => { string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); Console.WriteLine($"向服务器发送消息:{msg}"); }); //开始运行客户端 client.StartClient(); while (true) { Console.WriteLine("输入:quit关闭客户端,输入其它消息发送到服务器"); string str = Console.ReadLine(); if (str == "quit") { client.Close(); break; } else { client.Send(str); } } } } }
#總結:其最方便之處在於,將如何創建連接封裝掉,使用人員只需關注連接後發送什麼數據,接收到數據後應該如何處理,等等其它的很多事件的處理,這其中主要依託於匿名委託的使用,Lambda表達式的使用。
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