眾所周知作為webgl的插件,three.js肯定沒有原生webgl那樣,添加一個陰影這麼費勁。所以,經過一小時的研究(笨人不聰明,已經是極限速度了)。終於將陰影效果做了出來,也發現一些容易犯錯的地方。話不多說了,來一起看看詳細的介紹吧。
先上效果圖:
實現這個效果其實很簡單,只要設定幾個屬性就可以實現目前的效果。而上面的材質問題我將放到下一節:
(1)首先需要告訴渲染器我需要陰影,你給我生成陰影:
renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true;
(2)然後告訴燈光,我需要陰影:
light.castShadow = true;
(3)告訴模型哪些需要投射陰影:
//告诉球需要投射阴影 sphere.castShadow = true; //告诉立方体需要投射阴影 cube.castShadow = true;
(4)最後告訴最底下的平面長方形你要接受陰影:
plane.receiveShadow = true;
上面四步驟只要設定好了,就可以實現陰影的效果了。
注意事項:你的模型的材質一定要選擇對燈光有反應的材質,要不然不會出現效果,就是因為這個問題導致好長時間沒有整出來陰影。
案例全部程式碼:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <style type="text/css"> html, body { margin: 0; height: 100%; } canvas { display: block; } </style> </head> <body onload="draw();"> </body> <script src="build/three.js"></script> <script src="examples/js/controls/TrackballControls.js"></script> <script src="examples/js/libs/stats.min.js"></script> <script> var renderer; function initRender() { renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({antialias:true}); renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight); //告诉渲染器需要阴影效果 renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true; renderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMap; // 默认的是,没有设置的这个清晰 THREE.PCFShadowMap document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement); } var camera; function initCamera() { camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth/window.innerHeight, 0.1, 1000); camera.position.set(0, 40, 100); camera.lookAt(new THREE.Vector3(0,0,0)); } var scene; function initScene() { scene = new THREE.Scene(); } var light; function initLight() { scene.add(new THREE.AmbientLight(0x444444)); light = new THREE.SpotLight(0xffffff); light.position.set(60,30,0); //告诉平行光需要开启阴影投射 light.castShadow = true; scene.add(light); } function initModel() { //上面的球 var sphereGeometry = new THREE.SphereGeometry(5,20,20); var sphereMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({color:0x7777ff}); var sphere = new THREE.Mesh(sphereGeometry, sphereMaterial); sphere.position.y = 5; //告诉球需要投射阴影 sphere.castShadow = true; scene.add(sphere); //辅助工具 var helper = new THREE.AxisHelper(10); scene.add(helper); //立方体 var cubeGeometry = new THREE.CubeGeometry(10,10,8); var cubeMaterial = new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0x00ffff}); var cube = new THREE.Mesh(cubeGeometry, cubeMaterial); cube.position.x = 25; cube.position.y = 5; cube.position.z = -5; //告诉立方体需要投射阴影 cube.castShadow = true; scene.add(cube); //底部平面 var planeGeometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(100,100); var planeMaterial = new THREE.MeshStandardMaterial({color:0xaaaaaa}); var plane = new THREE.Mesh(planeGeometry, planeMaterial); plane.rotation.x = - 0.5 * Math.PI; plane.position.y = -0; //告诉底部平面需要接收阴影 plane.receiveShadow = true; scene.add(plane); } //初始化性能插件 var stats; function initStats() { stats = new Stats(); document.body.appendChild(stats.dom); } //用户交互插件 鼠标左键按住旋转,右键按住平移,滚轮缩放 var controls; function initControls() { controls = new THREE.TrackballControls( camera ); //旋转速度 controls.rotateSpeed = 5; //变焦速度 controls.zoomSpeed = 3; //平移速度 controls.panSpeed = 0.8; //是否不变焦 controls.noZoom = false; //是否不平移 controls.noPan = false; //是否开启移动惯性 controls.staticMoving = false; //动态阻尼系数 就是灵敏度 controls.dynamicDampingFactor = 0.3; //未知,占时先保留 //controls.keys = [ 65, 83, 68 ]; controls.addEventListener( 'change', render ); } function render() { renderer.render( scene, camera ); } //窗口变动触发的函数 function onWindowResize() { camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight; camera.updateProjectionMatrix(); controls.handleResize(); render(); renderer.setSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight ); } function animate() { //更新控制器 render(); //更新性能插件 stats.update(); controls.update(); requestAnimationFrame(animate); } function draw() { initRender(); initScene(); initCamera(); initLight(); initModel(); initControls(); initStats(); animate(); window.onresize = onWindowResize; } </script> </html>
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