最近沒有專案做,閒著沒事,看到一個書城的網站很好,於是就是仿了一個,把裡面的ui直接拿過來用,前端後端自己寫的,目前大部分的功能已經實現了。
一、開發環境的部署
程式結構:
BootStrap Ajax Struts2 Hibernate MySql
僅供參考:可實現相關功能即可
作業系統:ubuntu 14.10
#前端框架:BootStrap 注意:此架構只是為了實現使用者介面,與特定功能無關
資料庫:mysql-5.5 資料庫工具:emma
伺服器:tomcat 伺服器工具:Myeclipse 10(已配置好Struts2和Hibernate環境)
注意:
程式偵錯流程可能會產生亂碼,只需保持所有工具編碼方式相同即可。
二、專案檔案設定
1、新Web Project,命名為ROOT
2、設定/WebRoot/ WEB-INF/web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>ROOT</display-name> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class> org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <error-page> <error-code>404</error-code> <location>/error.jsp</location> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>500</error-code> <location>/error.jsp</location> </error-page> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
3 、 設定/src/struts.xml(struts設定檔),其他的action和interceptor被我刪了,這點夠用了。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd"> <struts> <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <!-- 登录 --> <action name="login" class="com.action.Login" method="login"></action> <!-- 登出 --> <action name="logout" class="com.action.Logout" method="logout"></action> <!-- 注册 --> <action name="register" class="com.action.Register" method="register"></action> <!-- 邮件发送 --> <action name="sendmail" class="com.action.SendMail" method="sendmail"></action> </package> </struts>
4、設定/src/hibernate.cfg.xml(hibernate資料庫設定檔),注意倒數第4行有個
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. --> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <property name="myeclipse.connection.profile">Myeclipse Mysql</property> <!--指明JDBC路径、指明数据库名称--> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test</property> <!--指明数据库账户和密码--> <property name="connection.username">root</property> <property name="connection.password">root</property> <!--指明JDBC驱动--> <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <!--指明mysql方言--> <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <property name="format_sql">true</property> <mapping resource="com/hibernate/bookchat.hbm.xml" /> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
5、/src下建立com.hibernate包,在該包下建立bookchat.hbm.xml(hibernate物件關係映射檔),並配置
注意
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <!--指明Bean类名,指明数据库表名--> <class name="com.hibernate.User" table="user"> <id column="id" type="int"> <generator class="native" /> </id> <!--指明数据库字段名、字段类型--> <property name="user_id" column="user_id" type="int" /> <property name="phone" column="phone" type="int" /> <property name="email" column="email" type="string" /> <property name="username" column="username" type="string" /> <property name="password" column="password" type="string" /> <property name="icon" column="icon" type="string" /> <property name="description" column="description" type="string" /> <property name="followThreadNum" column="followThreadNum" type="int" /> <property name="followPeopleNum" column="followPeopleNum" type="int" /> <property name="fansNum" column="fansNum" type="int" /> <property name="haveMsg" column="haveMsg" type="int" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
6、/src下的com.hibernate套件下建立User類
package com.hibernate; public class User { private int user_id; //对应数据库中user_id private int phone; //手机号 private String email; //邮件 private String username; //用户名 private String password; //密码 private String icon; //用户头像 private String description; //自定义描述 private int followThreadNum; //关注书单数量 private int followPeopleNum; //关注的人数量 private int fansNum; //粉丝数量 private int haveMsg; //当前是否有新消息 public User() { super(); } //这个构造方法在注册时有用 public User(String email, String username, String password) { // 用户内容:username,password,email // 系统定义:user_id,icon,followThreadNum,followPeopleNum,fansNum,haveMsg // 留空:phone,description, this.user_id = 39212; // this.phone = phone; this.email = email; this.username = username; this.password = password; this.icon = "images/icon.png"; // this.description = description; this.followThreadNum = 0; this.followPeopleNum = 0; this.fansNum = 0; this.haveMsg = 0; } public int getUser_id() { return user_id; } public void setUser_id(int user_id) { this.user_id = user_id; } public int getPhone() { return phone; } public void setPhone(int phone) { this.phone = phone; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public String getIcon() { return icon; } public void setIcon(String icon) { this.icon = icon; } public String getDescription() { return description; } public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description; } public int getFollowThreadNum() { return followThreadNum; } public void setFollowThreadNum(int followThreadNum) { this.followThreadNum = followThreadNum; } public int getFollowPeopleNum() { return followPeopleNum; } public void setFollowPeopleNum(int followPeopleNum) { this.followPeopleNum = followPeopleNum; } public int getFansNum() { return fansNum; } public void setFansNum(int fansNum) { this.fansNum = fansNum; } public int getHaveMsg() { return haveMsg; } public void setHaveMsg(int haveMsg) { this.haveMsg = haveMsg; } }
7、/src下的com.db包下建立CreateTable類,之後Run as - Java Application,查看控制台是否輸出了sql語句
package com.db; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport; public class CREATTABLEDONOT { public static void main(String[] args) { // 默认读取hibernate.cfg.xml文件 Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure(); SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(cfg); export.create(true, true); } }
#三、檢查資料庫
1、開啟資料庫GUI工具,查看test資料庫下方是否有一個user表,若能開啟user表說明之前設定成功。
2、編輯user表:設定欄位預設值,可以向表中新增資料。
#四、網頁UI設計
1、我們在struts.xml檔案設定中已經埋下伏筆:
<action name="login" class="com.action.Login" method="login"></action> <action name="logout" class="com.action.Logout" method="logout"></action> <action name="register" class="com.action.Register" method="register"></action> <action name="sendmail" class="com.action.SendMail" method="sendmail"></action>
我們可以在網頁中請求/login,/logout,/register來存取這三個Action處理類,當然這三個類具體的內容我們還沒寫,先放。
2、現在開始思考網頁設計需要什麼東西...
<1>首頁提供登陸和註冊連結
<2> 登陸彈出框和註冊頁面
#<3> 登陸/註冊成功,登陸和註冊消失,顯示用戶名和退出登陸
<4> 我們想達到的效果:登陸/註冊成功後顯示用戶名,登陸失敗後動態提示錯誤詳情!
五、JQuery Ajax設計
#1、主要的JQuery和Ajax程式碼
(function(window, $) { var SOKK = {}; ys.common = SOKK; //邮箱验证 SOKK.sendmail = function(){ var email = $("#inputEmail").val().trim(); if(!checkEmail(email)){ return false; } //发送请求 $.get("/sendmail","email="+email,function(data){ data = JSON.parse(data); tip(data.code); }) } //注册 SOKK.signup = function(form){ var form = $(form); //成功方可继续执行 if(!checkSignUp(form.find("input"))) return false; //序列化表单,生成JSON对象 var JStr =form.serialize(); // var JStr = JSON.stringify(JForm); tip(JStr); $.post("/register",JStr,function(data){ data = JSON.parse(data); if (data.code == 200) { location.reload(); //如何跳转到首页? } else { tip(data.code); } }) }; // 登录 SOKK.login = function(form) { var form = $(form); var input = form.find("input"); var username=$.trim(input[0].value); var password=$.trim(input[1].value); if(checkLogin(username,password)){ return false; } var dataParam = {}; dataParam.username = username; dataParam.password = password; // 这里的dataParam是键值对,但服务器获取的时候是?username=xx&password=xx; // 如果使用json传输那么就不能用这种方式而必须用$.ajax,而且json在服务器端还要再解析, // 所以在发送请求时,不建议使用json。接受数据可以使用json $.post("/login", dataParam, function(data) { // json字符串->json对象 data = JSON.parse(data); if (data.code == 200) { location.reload(); } else { tip(data.code); } }) }; //登出 SOKK.logout = function(){ $.get("/logout", function (data) { //json字符串->json对象 data = JSON.parse(data); if (data.code==200){ location.reload(); } }) }; })(window, $)
2、自訂工具程式碼
// 自定义提示 function tip(info){ if(isNaN(info)){ toastr.info(info); }else{ var msg; if(info<300){ switch(info){ case 100: msg="加入书架成功!"; break; case 101: msg="关注本书成功!"; break; case 102: msg="已移动到【正在看】!"; break; case 103: msg="已移动到【准备看】!"; break; case 104: msg="已移动到【已看完】!"; break; case 105: msg="已移动到【回收站】!"; break; case 110: msg="验证邮件已发送到你的邮箱!";break; case 200: msg="请求成功!"; break; case 202: msg="请求已接受,但尚未处理。"; break; case 204: msg="请求成功,但无返回内容。"; break; default : break; } toastr.success(msg); }else if(info<1000){ switch(info){ case 301: msg="请求网页的位置发生改变!"; break; case 400: msg="错误请求,请输入正确信息!"; break; case 401: msg="非法请求,未授权进入此页面!"; break; case 403: msg="拒绝请求!"; break; case 404: msg="请求页面不存在!"; break; case 408: msg="请求超时!"; break; case 500: msg="服务器出错!"; break; case 500: msg="服务不可用!"; break; case 900: msg="用户名/密码错误,请重新输入"; break; case 903: msg="服务器出错,请重试!"; break; case 904: msg="服务器无返回信息!"; break; case 905: msg="网络出错!"; break; case 906: msg="注册失败,请重试!";break; case 907: msg="邮箱验证码错误!";break; case 908: msg="用户名已存在!";break; case 909: msg="邮箱已被注册!";break; case 910: msg="验证邮件发送失败!";break; default : break; } toastr.error(msg); }else{ toastr.info(info); } } } //注册检查 function checkSignUp(input){ var username = $.trim(input[0].value); var password1 = $.trim(input[1].value); var password2 = $.trim(input[2].value); var email = $.trim(input[3].value); var emailcode = $.trim(input[4].value); for (var i = 0; i < input.length; i++) { if(input[i].value.length<=0){ tip("所有内容不得为空!"); return false; } }; if(username.length<4){ tip("用户名不得少于4个字符!"); return false; } if(password1!==password2){ tip("两次输入的密码不同!"); return false; } if(password1.length<6){ tip("密码不得少于6个字符!"); return false; } return true; } function checkLogin(username,password){ if(!username){ tip("请输入用户名!"); return false; } if(!password){ tip("请输入密码!"); return false; } } function checkEmail(email){ var reg = /^([a-zA-Z0-9]+[_|\_|\.]?)*[a-zA-Z0-9]+@([a-zA-Z0-9]+[_|\_|\.]?)*[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,3}$/; if(email){ if(reg.test(email)){ return true; }else{ tip("邮箱地址不符合规范!"); return false; } }else{ tip("邮箱地址不得为空!"); return false; } }
3、toastr是一個前端非阻塞的提示插件,可以到http://www.bootcdn.cn/toastr.js/ 下載使用
#六、Action設計
1、Login.java
package com.action; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.service.BaseService; import com.service.BaseServiceImpl; import com.util.OperateJSON; public class Login extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = 4679952956618457478L; private String username; private String password; public void login() { HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest(); BaseService hs = new BaseServiceImpl(); OperateJSON oj = new OperateJSON(); username = request.getParameter("username"); password = request.getParameter("password"); System.out.println("用户名:" + username + "--密码:" + password); // 登陆返回用户id Object obj = hs.login(username, password); if (obj != null) { System.out.println("用户名密码正确"); request.getSession().setAttribute("username", username); request.getSession().setAttribute("userid", obj); System.out.println("用户名" + username + "的Session设置完毕~"); System.out.println("用户id的Session设置完毕~"); oj.putCode(200); } else { System.out.println("用户名密码错误"); oj.putCode(900); } oj.send(); } }
2、Logout.java
package com.action; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.util.OperateJSON; public class Logout extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = -6758897982192371466L; HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest(); HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse(); OperateJSON oj = new OperateJSON(); public void logout() { request.getSession().removeAttribute("username"); request.getSession().invalidate(); if (request.getSession().getAttribute("username") == null) { oj.putCode(200); } else { oj.putCode(903); } oj.send(); } }
3、 Register.java
package com.action; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import com.hibernate.User; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.service.BaseService; import com.service.BaseServiceImpl; import com.util.OperateJSON; public class Register extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = -3356620731966076779L; HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest(); HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse(); BaseService bs = new BaseServiceImpl(); OperateJSON oj = new OperateJSON(); SendMail sm = new SendMail(); public void register() { String username = request.getParameter("username"); String password1 = request.getParameter("password1"); String password2 = request.getParameter("password2"); String password = (password1.equals(password2) ? password1 : null); String email = request.getParameter("email"); String emailcode = request.getParameter("emailcode"); // 判断用户输入和生成的邮箱验证码是否相同 if (!(emailcode.equals(sm.getMailCode()))) { oj.putCode(907); oj.send(); return; } // 检测用户名/邮箱是否唯一 if (!bs.isUnique("User", "username", username)) { oj.putCode(908); oj.send(); return; } if (!bs.isUnique("User", "email", email)) { oj.putCode(909); oj.send(); return; } // 构建User对象 User user = new User(email, username, password); // 建立对象关系映射 Boolean reged = bs.register(user); if (reged) { System.out.println("用户注册成功"); request.getSession().setAttribute("username", username); oj.putCode(200); } else { System.out.println("注册失败"); oj.putCode(906); } oj.send(); } }
4、 SendMail.java SMTP協定發送郵件的類,使用前需要導入mail的jar包,同時,還要設定開啟發件人郵箱的smtp服務
package com.action; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Properties; import javax.mail.BodyPart; import javax.mail.Message; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Multipart; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.Transport; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.util.OperateJSON; public class SendMail extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = -4724909293302616101L; private static String QQ = "392102018"; // qq private static String HOST = "qq.com"; // SMTP服务器主机名 private static String PASS = "xxxxxxxx"; // SMTP服务器密码 private static String mailCode; // 邮件验证码 OperateJSON oj = new OperateJSON(); public void sendmail() { HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest(); String email = request.getParameter("email"); System.out.println(email); String mailCode = SendMail.setMailCode(); try { beginSend(email, mailCode); oj.putCode(110); } catch (MessagingException e) { oj.putCode(910); } finally { oj.send(); } } public static String setMailCode() { mailCode = 100000 + (int) (Math.random() * 900000) + "BC"; System.out.println(mailCode); return mailCode; } public String getMailCode() { return SendMail.mailCode; } public void beginSend(String email, String mailCode) throws MessagingException { String mailTo = email; // 收件方mail地址 String mailTitle = "欢迎您使用书聊网! 立即激活您的账户"; String mailContent = "<p>尊敬的用户:</p><p>你好!立即激活您的账户,和书聊网会员一起看书交流。要激活您的账户,只需复制下面的验证码到注册页面确认。 </p>" + mailCode + "<p>版权所有© 1999 - 2015 BookChat。保留所有权利。</p>"; // 设置主要信息 Properties props = new Properties(); props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp." + HOST); props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); Session session = Session.getInstance(props); session.setDebug(true); // 开启邮件对象 MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); // 设置发件人/收件人/主题/发信时间 InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(QQ + "@" + HOST); message.setFrom(from); InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(mailTo); message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to); message.setSubject(mailTitle); message.setSentDate(new Date()); // 设置消息对象内容 BodyPart mdp = new MimeBodyPart();// 新建一个存放信件内容的BodyPart对象 mdp.setContent(mailContent, "text/html;charset=utf-8");// 给BodyPart对象设置内容和格式/编码方式 Multipart mm = new MimeMultipart();// 新建一个MimeMultipart对象用来存放BodyPart对象(事实上可以存放多个) mm.addBodyPart(mdp);// 将BodyPart加入到MimeMultipart对象中(可以加入多个BodyPart) message.setContent(mm);// 把mm作为消息对象的内容 message.saveChanges(); // 开启传输对象 Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp"); transport.connect("smtp." + HOST, QQ, PASS); // 这里的115798090也要修改为您的QQ号码 transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients()); transport.close(); } }
5、OpreateJSON
package com.util; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; public class OperateJSON { JSONObject json; public OperateJSON() { json = new JSONObject(); json.put("code", ""); json.put("msg", ""); json.put("data", ""); } public OperateJSON(String str) { json = JSONObject.fromObject(str); } public void put(String key, Object value) { json.remove(key); json.put(key, value); } public void putCode(Object value) { json.remove("code"); this.put("code", value); } public void putMsg(Object value) { json.remove("msg"); this.put("msg", value); } public void remove(String key) { json.remove(key); } public void send() { System.out.println("----------返回的数据是:" + json); try { PrintWriter out = ServletActionContext.getResponse().getWriter(); out.print(json); out.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
七、Hibernate Dao設計
這塊都是一些操作資料庫的內容,大家都有自己的風格,仔細一點寫就好了。代碼太亂,我就不放出來嚇人了-.-! 。
八、總結
開始想展示下結果的還是算了,也就那麼回事。一個小例子,瑕疵難免,還望大神們指正。
寫完了,心情好多了,招募會去看看也好,找不找工作不重要,重要的是我走在正確的路上,只有依靠自己才是強者...
上面是我整理給大家的,希望未來會對大家有幫助。
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