以docker的網路管理，容器的ip設定為基礎知識實作nginx負載平衡
#查看所有docker網路
docker network ls
/*
network id name driver scope
b832b168ca9a bridge bridge local
373be82d3a6a composetest_default bridge local
a360425082c4 host host local
154f600f0e90 none null local
*/
// composetest_default 是上一篇介绍compose时，docker-compose.yml文件所在的目录名，
// 所以，用docker-compose创建的容器会默认创建一个以目录名为网络名的网络，并且是dridge（桥接）类型
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指定容器ip位址
version: "3"
services:
web1:
container_name: web1
image: "centos:httpd"
ports:
- "8080:80"
privileged: true
volumes:
- "/app/www/web1/:/var/www/html/"
command: ['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address: 192.169.0.3
web2:
container_name: web2
image: "centos:httpd"
ports:
- "8081:80"
privileged: true
volumes:
- "/app/www/web2/:/var/www/html/"
command: ['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address: 192.169.0.2
networks:
nginx-lsb:
driver: bridge
ipam:
config:
- subnet: 192.169.0.0/16登入後複製
使用docker-compose啟動容器
docker-compose up -d
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查看容器是否啟動，並確認是否建立了網路nginx-lsb
// 可以查看当前docker-compose.yml配置的容器组里的容器状态
docker-compose ps
docker network ls
/*
network id name driver scope
b832b168ca9a bridge bridge local
373be82d3a6a composetest_default bridge local
de6f5b8df1c8 composetest_nginx-lsb bridge local
a360425082c4 host host local
154f600f0e90 none null local
*/
// 创建了nginx-lsb网络，命名是容器组项目的 文件名开头_网络名
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查看網路nginx-lsb的詳情
docker network inspect composetest_nginx-lsb
// 详情里面可以看到使用这个网络的每个容器的ip
如：
/*
...
"containers": {
"039aa860ef04f20a7566fdc943fb4398a61d2ad6dd3e373b17c86ac778af89e3": {
"name": "web2",
"endpointid": "1bc206661179e65999015f132c2889d3d4365b8d42b8a89cf9c260016fedd5ee",
"macaddress": "02:42:c0:a9:00:02",
"ipv4address": "192.169.0.2/16",
"ipv6address": ""
},
"437ad7a07da8e46c0abaf845c4b08425338009fbe972bde69478cf47c75c315b": {
"name": "web1",
"endpointid": "5a36e602a5364ee9ad06e9816d09e3966d56ebf06b9394ebc25b8bcee9546607",
"macaddress": "02:42:c0:a9:00:03",
"ipv4address": "192.169.0.3/16",
"ipv6address": ""
}
},
...
*/登入後複製
使用env_file環境檔案：
簡單可以理解為：在docker-compose.yml中定義變量，引用在外部.env檔案中進行變數定義
官方文件位址：
// 还是在composetest目录中定义个 .env文件，用来存放变量
web1_addr=192.169.0.2
web2_addr=192.169.0.3
// 修改docker-compose.yml文件，加入变量定义
version: "3"
services:
web1:
container_name: web1
image: "centos:httpd"
ports:
- "8080:80"
privileged: true
volumes:
- "/app/www/web1/:/var/www/html/"
command: ['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address: ${web1_addr}
web2:
container_name: web2
image: "centos:httpd"
ports:
- "8081:80"
privileged: true
volumes:
- "/app/www/web2/:/var/www/html/"
command: ['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address: ${web2_addr}
networks:
nginx-lsb:
driver: bridge
ipam:
config:
- subnet: 192.169.0.0/16登入後複製
重新啟動composetest項目，並查看網路詳情，確認容器ip是否設定成功
// 重新启动composetest项目
docker-compose up -d
// 查看网络详情
docker network inspect composetest_nginx-lsb
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在composetest專案中新增nginx伺服器作為負載平衡伺服器
// 在.env文件里添加一个变量 nginx_lsb
web1_addr=192.169.0.2
web2_addr=192.169.0.3
nginx_lsb=192.169.0.100
// 修改docker-compose.yml文件，加入变量定义
version: "3"
services:
nginx-lsb:
container_name: nginx-lsb
image: "centos:nginx"
ports:
- "8000:80"
privileged: true
volumes:
- "/app/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address: ${nginx_lsb}
web1:
container_name: web1
image: "centos:httpd"
ports:
- "8080:80"
privileged: true
volumes:
- "/app/www/web1/:/var/www/html/"
command: ['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address: ${web1_addr}
web2:
container_name: web2
image: "centos:httpd"
ports:
- "8081:80"
privileged: true
volumes:
- "/app/www/web2/:/var/www/html/"
command: ['/usr/sbin/init']
networks:
nginx-lsb:
ipv4_address: ${web2_addr}
networks:
nginx-lsb:
driver: bridge
ipam:
config:
- subnet: 192.169.0.0/16
// 重新启动composetest项目
docker-compose up -d登入後複製
修改nginx.conf配置文件，配置負載平衡
upstream mydocker {
server 192.169.0.2;
server 192.169.0.3;
}
server {
listen 80；
server_name mydocker;
location / {
proxy_set_header host $host;
proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header x-forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_buffering off;
proxy_pass http://mydocker;
}
}登入後複製
重新啟動nginx-lsb，載入設定檔
docker-composer restart nginx-lsb
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訪問http://伺服器ip位址:8000，測試伺服器負載平衡！
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