zabbix如何設定nginx監控
案例:zabbix 配置 nginx 监控
1. 修改配置文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf location /nginx_status { stub_status; } 说明: nginx_status 自定义字段,访问地址(例:192.168.169.131/nginx_status) stub_status 固定参数 # 重启 nginx ./nginx reload
浏览器访问状态说明: Active connections Nginx正处理的活动链接数个数;重要 server Nginx启动到现在共处理了多少个连接。 accepts Nginx启动到现在共成功创建几次握手。 handled requests Nginx总共处理了几次请求。 Reading Nginx读取到客户端的 Header 信息数。 Writing Nginx返回给客户端的 Header 信息数。 Waiting Nginx已经处理完正在等候下一次请求指令的驻留链接,开启。 Keep-alive的情况下,Waiting这个值等于active-(reading + writing)。 请求丢失数=(握手数-连接数)可以看出,本次状态显示没有丢失请求
2. 编写 nginx 监控脚本
#/bin/bash #Description:Automated monitoring nginx performance and process nginx_status scripts NGINX_PORT=80 NGINX_COMMAND=$1 nginx_ping(){ /sbin/pidof nginx |wc -l } nginx_active(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk '/Active/ {print $NF}' } nginx_reading(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk '/Reading/ {print $2}' } nginx_writing(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk '/Writing/ {print $4}' } nginx_waiting(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk '/Waiting/ {print $6}' } nginx_accepts(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk 'NR==3 {print $1}' } nginx_handled(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk 'NR==3 {print $2}' } nginx_requests(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk 'NR==3 {print $3}' } case $NGINX_COMMAND in ping) nginx_ping ;; active) nginx_active ;; reading) nginx_reading ;; writing) nginx_writing ;; waiting) nginx_waiting ;; accepts) nginx_accepts ;; handled) nginx_handled ;; requests) nginx_requests ;; *) echo $"USAGE:$0 {ping|active|reading|writing|waiting|accepts|handled|requests}" esac
# 修改文件权限 chmod u+x /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/zabbix_nginx.sh
3. 修改 zabbix 配置文件
vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_mysql.conf # 增加 UserParameter=nginx_status[*],/bin/bash /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/zabbix_nginx.sh \$1
# 修改完成重启 zabbix-agent systemctl restart zabbix-agent.service
4. 服务端验证
[root@zabbix ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.169.131 -k nginx_status[active]
5. 添加模块
模块名称:Template Nginx Web Status Monitor(自定义)
可见名称:NGINX STATUS MONITOR(自定义)
6. 创建应用集
名称:NGINX_STATUS
7. 创建监控项
名称:Nginx_Status_Ping
键值:nginx_status[ping]
8. 定义触发器
超过50个并发连接就执行报警
nginx 服务down了执行报警
9. 关联主机
将需要监控的主机添加上此模板
10. nginx 模板文件
zbx_export_templates.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <zabbix_export> <version>4.0</version> <date>2022-05-21T12:29:43Z</date> <groups> <group> <name>Linux servers</name> </group> </groups> <templates> <template> <template>Template Nginx Web Status Monitor</template> <name>NGINX STATUS MONITOR</name> <description/> <groups> <group> <name>Linux servers</name> </group> </groups> <applications> <application> <name>NGINX_STATUS</name> </application> </applications> <items> <item> <name>Nginx_Status_accepts</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx_status[accepts]</key> <delay>30s</delay> <history>90d</history> <trends>365d</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>3</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <snmpv3_contextname/> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authprotocol>0</snmpv3_authprotocol> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privprotocol>0</snmpv3_privprotocol> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>NGINX_STATUS</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> <logtimefmt/> <preprocessing/> <jmx_endpoint/> <timeout>3s</timeout> <url/> <query_fields/> <posts/> <status_codes>200</status_codes> <follow_redirects>1</follow_redirects> <post_type>0</post_type> <http_proxy/> <headers/> <retrieve_mode>0</retrieve_mode> <request_method>0</request_method> <output_format>0</output_format> <allow_traps>0</allow_traps> <ssl_cert_file/> <ssl_key_file/> <ssl_key_password/> <verify_peer>0</verify_peer> <verify_host>0</verify_host> <master_item/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx_Status_active</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx_status[active]</key> <delay>30s</delay> <history>90d</history> <trends>365d</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>3</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <snmpv3_contextname/> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authprotocol>0</snmpv3_authprotocol> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privprotocol>0</snmpv3_privprotocol> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>NGINX_STATUS</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> <logtimefmt/> <preprocessing/> <jmx_endpoint/> <timeout>3s</timeout> <url/> <query_fields/> <posts/> <status_codes>200</status_codes> <follow_redirects>1</follow_redirects> <post_type>0</post_type> <http_proxy/> <headers/> <retrieve_mode>0</retrieve_mode> <request_method>0</request_method> <output_format>0</output_format> <allow_traps>0</allow_traps> <ssl_cert_file/> <ssl_key_file/> <ssl_key_password/> <verify_peer>0</verify_peer> <verify_host>0</verify_host> <master_item/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx_Status_handled</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx_status[handled]</key> <delay>30s</delay> <history>90d</history> <trends>365d</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>3</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <snmpv3_contextname/> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authprotocol>0</snmpv3_authprotocol> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privprotocol>0</snmpv3_privprotocol> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>NGINX_STATUS</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> <logtimefmt/> <preprocessing/> <jmx_endpoint/> <timeout>3s</timeout> <url/> <query_fields/> <posts/> <status_codes>200</status_codes> <follow_redirects>1</follow_redirects> <post_type>0</post_type> <http_proxy/> <headers/> <retrieve_mode>0</retrieve_mode> <request_method>0</request_method> <output_format>0</output_format> <allow_traps>0</allow_traps> <ssl_cert_file/> <ssl_key_file/> <ssl_key_password/> <verify_peer>0</verify_peer> <verify_host>0</verify_host> <master_item/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx_Status_Ping</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx_status[ping]</key> <delay>30s</delay> <history>90d</history> <trends>365d</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>3</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <snmpv3_contextname/> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authprotocol>0</snmpv3_authprotocol> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privprotocol>0</snmpv3_privprotocol> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>NGINX_STATUS</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> <logtimefmt/> <preprocessing/> <jmx_endpoint/> <timeout>3s</timeout> <url/> <query_fields/> <posts/> <status_codes>200</status_codes> <follow_redirects>1</follow_redirects> <post_type>0</post_type> <http_proxy/> <headers/> <retrieve_mode>0</retrieve_mode> <request_method>0</request_method> <output_format>0</output_format> <allow_traps>0</allow_traps> <ssl_cert_file/> <ssl_key_file/> <ssl_key_password/> <verify_peer>0</verify_peer> <verify_host>0</verify_host> <master_item/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx_Status_reading</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx_status[reading]</key> <delay>30s</delay> <history>90d</history> <trends>365d</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>3</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <snmpv3_contextname/> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authprotocol>0</snmpv3_authprotocol> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privprotocol>0</snmpv3_privprotocol> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>NGINX_STATUS</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> <logtimefmt/> <preprocessing/> <jmx_endpoint/> <timeout>3s</timeout> <url/> <query_fields/> <posts/> <status_codes>200</status_codes> <follow_redirects>1</follow_redirects> <post_type>0</post_type> <http_proxy/> <headers/> <retrieve_mode>0</retrieve_mode> <request_method>0</request_method> <output_format>0</output_format> <allow_traps>0</allow_traps> <ssl_cert_file/> <ssl_key_file/> <ssl_key_password/> <verify_peer>0</verify_peer> <verify_host>0</verify_host> <master_item/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx_Status_requests</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx_status[requests]</key> <delay>30s</delay> <history>90d</history> <trends>365d</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>3</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <snmpv3_contextname/> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authprotocol>0</snmpv3_authprotocol> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privprotocol>0</snmpv3_privprotocol> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>NGINX_STATUS</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> <logtimefmt/> <preprocessing/> <jmx_endpoint/> <timeout>3s</timeout> <url/> <query_fields/> <posts/> <status_codes>200</status_codes> <follow_redirects>1</follow_redirects> <post_type>0</post_type> <http_proxy/> <headers/> <retrieve_mode>0</retrieve_mode> <request_method>0</request_method> <output_format>0</output_format> <allow_traps>0</allow_traps> <ssl_cert_file/> <ssl_key_file/> <ssl_key_password/> <verify_peer>0</verify_peer> <verify_host>0</verify_host> <master_item/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx_Status_waiting</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx_status[waiting]</key> <delay>30s</delay> <history>90d</history> <trends>365d</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>3</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <snmpv3_contextname/> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authprotocol>0</snmpv3_authprotocol> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privprotocol>0</snmpv3_privprotocol> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>NGINX_STATUS</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> <logtimefmt/> <preprocessing/> <jmx_endpoint/> <timeout>3s</timeout> <url/> <query_fields/> <posts/> <status_codes>200</status_codes> <follow_redirects>1</follow_redirects> <post_type>0</post_type> <http_proxy/> <headers/> <retrieve_mode>0</retrieve_mode> <request_method>0</request_method> <output_format>0</output_format> <allow_traps>0</allow_traps> <ssl_cert_file/> <ssl_key_file/> <ssl_key_password/> <verify_peer>0</verify_peer> <verify_host>0</verify_host> <master_item/> </item> <item> <name>Nginx_Status_writing</name> <type>0</type> <snmp_community/> <snmp_oid/> <key>nginx_status[writing]</key> <delay>30s</delay> <history>90d</history> <trends>365d</trends> <status>0</status> <value_type>3</value_type> <allowed_hosts/> <units/> <snmpv3_contextname/> <snmpv3_securityname/> <snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel> <snmpv3_authprotocol>0</snmpv3_authprotocol> <snmpv3_authpassphrase/> <snmpv3_privprotocol>0</snmpv3_privprotocol> <snmpv3_privpassphrase/> <params/> <ipmi_sensor/> <authtype>0</authtype> <username/> <password/> <publickey/> <privatekey/> <port/> <description/> <inventory_link>0</inventory_link> <applications> <application> <name>NGINX_STATUS</name> </application> </applications> <valuemap/> <logtimefmt/> <preprocessing/> <jmx_endpoint/> <timeout>3s</timeout> <url/> <query_fields/> <posts/> <status_codes>200</status_codes> <follow_redirects>1</follow_redirects> <post_type>0</post_type> <http_proxy/> <headers/> <retrieve_mode>0</retrieve_mode> <request_method>0</request_method> <output_format>0</output_format> <allow_traps>0</allow_traps> <ssl_cert_file/> <ssl_key_file/> <ssl_key_password/> <verify_peer>0</verify_peer> <verify_host>0</verify_host> <master_item/> </item> </items> <discovery_rules/> <httptests/> <macros/> <templates/> <screens/> </template> </templates> <triggers> <trigger> <expression>{Template Nginx Web Status Monitor:nginx_status[active].last()}>50</expression> <recovery_mode>0</recovery_mode> <recovery_expression/> <name>Excessive number of active links in nginx</name> <correlation_mode>0</correlation_mode> <correlation_tag/> <url/> <status>0</status> <priority>4</priority> <description/> <type>0</type> <manual_close>0</manual_close> <dependencies/> <tags/> </trigger> <trigger> <expression>{Template Nginx Web Status Monitor:nginx_status[ping].last()}=0</expression> <recovery_mode>0</recovery_mode> <recovery_expression/> <name>Nginx down on {HOST.NAME}</name> <correlation_mode>0</correlation_mode> <correlation_tag/> <url/> <status>0</status> <priority>4</priority> <description/> <type>0</type> <manual_close>0</manual_close> <dependencies/> <tags/> </trigger> </triggers> <graphs> <graph> <name>Nginx_Status</name> <width>900</width> <height>200</height> <yaxismin>0.0000</yaxismin> <yaxismax>100.0000</yaxismax> <show_work_period>1</show_work_period> <show_triggers>1</show_triggers> <type>0</type> <show_legend>1</show_legend> <show_3d>0</show_3d> <percent_left>0.0000</percent_left> <percent_right>0.0000</percent_right> <ymin_type_1>0</ymin_type_1> <ymax_type_1>0</ymax_type_1> <ymin_item_1>0</ymin_item_1> <ymax_item_1>0</ymax_item_1> <graph_items> <graph_item> <sortorder>1</sortorder> <drawtype>0</drawtype> <color>1A7C11</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>2</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template Nginx Web Status Monitor</host> <key>nginx_status[accepts]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>2</sortorder> <drawtype>0</drawtype> <color>F63100</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>2</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template Nginx Web Status Monitor</host> <key>nginx_status[active]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>3</sortorder> <drawtype>0</drawtype> <color>2774A4</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>2</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template Nginx Web Status Monitor</host> <key>nginx_status[handled]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>4</sortorder> <drawtype>0</drawtype> <color>A54F10</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>2</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template Nginx Web Status Monitor</host> <key>nginx_status[ping]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>5</sortorder> <drawtype>0</drawtype> <color>FC6EA3</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>2</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template Nginx Web Status Monitor</host> <key>nginx_status[reading]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>6</sortorder> <drawtype>0</drawtype> <color>6C59DC</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>2</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template Nginx Web Status Monitor</host> <key>nginx_status[requests]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>7</sortorder> <drawtype>0</drawtype> <color>AC8C14</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>2</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template Nginx Web Status Monitor</host> <key>nginx_status[waiting]</key> </item> </graph_item> <graph_item> <sortorder>8</sortorder> <drawtype>0</drawtype> <color>611F27</color> <yaxisside>0</yaxisside> <calc_fnc>2</calc_fnc> <type>0</type> <item> <host>Template Nginx Web Status Monitor</host> <key>nginx_status[writing]</key> </item> </graph_item> </graph_items> </graph> </graphs> </zabbix_export>
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可以通過以下步驟查詢 Docker 容器名稱:列出所有容器(docker ps)。篩選容器列表(使用 grep 命令)。獲取容器名稱(位於 "NAMES" 列中)。

如何在 Windows 中配置 Nginx?安裝 Nginx 並創建虛擬主機配置。修改主配置文件並包含虛擬主機配置。啟動或重新加載 Nginx。測試配置並查看網站。選擇性啟用 SSL 並配置 SSL 證書。選擇性設置防火牆允許 80 和 443 端口流量。

確認 Nginx 是否啟動的方法:1. 使用命令行:systemctl status nginx(Linux/Unix)、netstat -ano | findstr 80(Windows);2. 檢查端口 80 是否開放;3. 查看系統日誌中 Nginx 啟動消息;4. 使用第三方工具,如 Nagios、Zabbix、Icinga。

Docker 容器啟動步驟:拉取容器鏡像:運行 "docker pull [鏡像名稱]"。創建容器:使用 "docker create [選項] [鏡像名稱] [命令和參數]"。啟動容器:執行 "docker start [容器名稱或 ID]"。檢查容器狀態:通過 "docker ps" 驗證容器是否正在運行。

可以查詢 Nginx 版本的方法有:使用 nginx -v 命令;查看 nginx.conf 文件中的 version 指令;打開 Nginx 錯誤頁,查看頁面的標題。

在 Docker 中創建容器: 1. 拉取鏡像: docker pull [鏡像名] 2. 創建容器: docker run [選項] [鏡像名] [命令] 3. 啟動容器: docker start [容器名]

在雲服務器上配置 Nginx 域名的方法:創建 A 記錄,指向雲服務器的公共 IP 地址。在 Nginx 配置文件中添加虛擬主機塊,指定偵聽端口、域名和網站根目錄。重啟 Nginx 以應用更改。訪問域名測試配置。其他注意事項:安裝 SSL 證書啟用 HTTPS、確保防火牆允許 80 端口流量、等待 DNS 解析生效。

啟動 Nginx 服務器需要按照不同操作系統採取不同的步驟:Linux/Unix 系統:安裝 Nginx 軟件包(例如使用 apt-get 或 yum)。使用 systemctl 啟動 Nginx 服務(例如 sudo systemctl start nginx)。 Windows 系統:下載並安裝 Windows 二進製文件。使用 nginx.exe 可執行文件啟動 Nginx(例如 nginx.exe -c conf\nginx.conf)。無論使用哪種操作系統,您都可以通過訪問服務器 IP
