執行緒封閉一般透過以下三個方法:
#Ad-hoc執行緒封閉:程式控制實現,最糟糕,忽略
堆疊封閉:局部變量,無並發問題
ThreadLocal執行緒封閉:特別好的封閉方法
方法2是最常用的,變數定義在介面內,本文主要講解方法三,SpringBoot專案透過自訂過濾器和攔截器實作ThreadLocal線程封閉。實作Filter介面自訂過濾器和繼承HandlerInterceptorAdapter自訂攔截器。
/** * <p>自定义RequestHolder</p></p> * * @Author zjq * @Date 2021/12 */ public class RequestHolder { private final static ThreadLocal<Long> requestHolder = new ThreadLocal<>(); public static void set(Long id) { requestHolder.set(id); } public static Long get() { return requestHolder.get(); } public static void remove() { requestHolder.remove(); } }
自訂定義攔截器繼承Filter接口,實作ThredLocal. add()方法
/** * <p>自定义过滤器</p> * * @Author zjq * @Date 2021/12/7 */ @Slf4j public class HttpFilter implements Filter { /** * 为Filter初始化 提供支持 * * @param filterConfig * @throws ServletException */ @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } /** * 拦截到要执行的请求时,doFilter就会执行。这里我们可以写对请求和响应的预处理。 * FilterChain把请求和响应传递给下一个 Filter处理 * * @param servletRequest * @param servletResponse * @param filterChain * @throws IOException * @throws ServletException */ @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { //把普通servlet强转成httpServlet HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; Long threadId = Thread.currentThread().getId(); log.info("do filter,threadId:{} servletPath:{}", threadId, httpServletRequest.getServletPath()); //把当前线程id放入requestHolder RequestHolder.set(threadId); //放行 filterChain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, servletResponse); } /** * Filter 实例销毁前的准备工作 */ @Override public void destroy() { } }
自訂攔截器在執行緒使用完畢後移除ThredLocal中內容,避免記憶體溢出
/** * <p>自定义拦截器</p> * * @Author zjq * @Date 2021/12/7 */ @Slf4j public class HttpInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter { /** * 拦截处理程序的执行。在 HandlerMapping 确定合适的处理程序对象之后,在 HandlerAdapter 调用处理程序之前调用。 * @param request * @param response * @param handler * @return * @throws Exception */ @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { log.info("preHandle执行。。。"); return true; } /** * 请求处理完成后(渲染视图后)的回调。将在处理程序执行的任何结果上调用,从而允许进行适当的资源清理。 * @param request * @param response * @param handler * @param ex * @throws Exception */ @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { RequestHolder.remove(); log.info("afterCompletion执行。。。"); return; } }
/** * * @author zjq */ @SpringBootApplication public class Application extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConcurrencyApplication.class, args); } /** * 自定义过滤器 * @return */ @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean(){ FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(new HttpFilter()); //设置自定义过滤器拦截的url filterRegistrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/threadLocal/*"); return filterRegistrationBean; } /** * 定义自定义拦截器原先需要继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter * SpringBoot2.0后WebMvcConfigurerAdapter被定义成过时了,推荐使用继承WebMvcConfigurationSupport * @param registry */ @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { registry.addInterceptor(new HttpInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**"); } }
/** * ThreadLocal测试controller * @author zjq */ @Controller @RequestMapping("/threadLocal") public class ThreadLocalController { @RequestMapping("/test") @ResponseBody public Long test() { return RequestHolder.get(); } }
存取呼叫介面http://localhost:8080/threadLocal/test,控制台輸出如下:
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