如何在 Windows 11 的工作管理員中變更優先權

什麼是進程優先權？

電腦與其創造者並無太大差異。事實上，儘管表面上他們在同時處理多項任務，但實際上他們自然而然地在不同任務之間平衡。但並非所有進程或程序都可以平等地分配資源。 

重要的進程，例如保持系統盡可能平穩運行所需的進程，被賦予高優先級，而那些僅在外圍工作的進程可以被分配較低的優先級。這有助於系統即使在承受大量壓力時也能順利運作。  

什麼是優先順序？ 

進程有 6 個不同的優先權。這些如下：

• 低—— 這是最低的優先順序。具有「低」優先權的進程只有在所有其他任務完成後才會獲得必要的資源。
• Below Normal——這個級別剛好低於平均水平，具有這個優先權的進程沒有分配很多資源。 
• 正常 -這是大多數應用程式在 Windows 上執行的等級。 
• 高於正常 -這是高於平均值的優先級，為程式提供額外的系統資源和額外的幫助。
• 高 -此優先權保留給 Windows 平穩運行所依賴的系統程序。在大多數情況下，不建議為應用程式提供這種級別的優先級，因為它會不必要地從系統進程中奪走資源。
• 即時—絕對不建議您將此等級的優先順序套用到您的任何程式。這是因為此級別的流程是即時運行的，並且是以所有其他流程為代價的。此優先權僅適用於硬體加速進程。 

所有過程都根據這六個類別的重要性進行排名。建議將特定程序的資源分配提高到正常或高於正常水準。任何高於此的值都應該保留給系統和硬體相關的進程。 

更改優先順序時會發生什麼

調整程式的優先順序可以幫助您指派更多或更少的資源給特定程式。如果您正在嘗試運行視訊編輯器或遊戲等需要大量資源的應用程序，將其優先級提高到正常或高於正常可以幫助它運行得更順暢一些。 

但是，如前所述，這樣做會佔用最需要的寶貴資源。如果您升級了過多的進程到更高的優先級，可能導致電腦最終崩潰或失去回應。由於 Windows 無法確定哪些進程是重要的，哪些進程不是重要的，因此這也違背了優先權層次結構的首要目的。

因此，如果您要更改優先級，請將這些變更限制在少數或更少的進程中，而不要管其餘的層次結構。

如何在任務管理器中更改程式的優先順序

既然你了解改變進程或程式的優先順序會帶來何種影響，我們來探討如何實現這種變更。任務管理器提供了最簡單的方法。以下是如何做：

打開您的應用程序，使其進程啟動並運行。然後右鍵單擊任務欄並選擇任務管理器。

或者，按Ctrl Shift Esc執行任務管理器。

然後點擊左上角的漢堡圖示。 

選擇 #詳細資料。

在這裡，您將看到一個進程清單。找到您要變更其優先權的進程。

您也可以使用頂部的搜尋功能搜尋進程。 

然後右鍵點選它並將滑鼠停留在 Set priority上。

然後為進程選擇新的優先權。

出現提示時，點選 變更優先權。

That's it, you have changed the priority of the program. Right-click the process and hover over Set Priority to confirm that the changes have been registered. You should see a dot next to the selected priority.

FIX: Unable to change priority in Task Manager

If you are unable to change the priority of a process or program in Task Manager, you must ensure that you have permission to do so, and There are no background processes interfering with changes. Here are some fixes that may help you resolve the issue:

FIX 1: Check if the Administrator has Full Control

Open Task Manager and go to "Details" as before Show. Then right-click on your process and select Properties.

In the Properties window, click the Security tab.

Select the Administrator group.

Then, make sure there is a checkmark next to the Full Control permission.

Then click "OK".

FIX 2: Booting into Safe Mode

Certain background and peripheral services may interfere with priority changes. When you enter Safe Mode, many Windows services are disabled so that you get a clean, concise startup state when changing permissions.

This is how to boot into safe mode. Press Start and click the Power button.

Then, while holding down the Shift key, click Restart.

Doing so will boot into the Windows recovery environment. Here, click Troubleshooting.

Select Advanced Options.

Then select Startup Settings.

Click Restart.

Now, when the computer restarts, press 4 to enable safe mode.

After logging in, you will enter safe mode.

Now you can proceed to change the priority as shown before.

Fix 3: Turn off UAC

User Account Control settings can cause trouble when changing Windows settings. If you are changing the priority of a process, you may want to shut it down as well. That's it:

Press Start, type UAC, and then select Change User Account Control Settings.

Then move the slider all the way down to "Never notify."

Then click "OK".

Now try changing the priority again.

Efficiency Mode and Process Priority

Efficiency Mode is a latest feature that allows Windows users to reduce the memory and power consumption of certain processes, thereby lowering the CPU clock of the process and extending the battery startup time. But turning on efficiency mode will also reduce the priority of the process. If you want your priority changes to persist, don't turn on efficiency mode for the process.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

In this section, we will look at some common questions about changing priorities in Task Manager and seek answers.

Does changing the priority in Task Manager have any effect?

Yes, depending on the changes, your computer may allocate more or less resources to the process.

Is it safe to set high priority in Task Manager?

Again, it depends. If you limit your priority to one or two programs, you shouldn't have any problems. However, if you do this for many processes, you may end up freezing or crashing your system because resources will have to be diverted away from important system processes.

How to set priorities permanently in Windows 11?

To permanently set the priority of a program, you must resort to a third-party application (such as Process Hacker).

We would like you to be able to use Task Manager to change the priority of a process. A word of caution before concluding: change the program's priority as little as possible, and never set it to a real-time level. For everything else, the default priority setting is the way to go.

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