CentOS 7中怎麼使用cPanel來設定Nginx反向代理

cPanel是目前世界上功能最強大，最容易使用，最受使用者歡迎的虛擬主機控制系統，許多國外主機主機都使用這套控制面板。

首先，我們需要安裝EPEL 函式庫來啟動這個程序

第一步: 安裝EPEL 函式庫

root@server1 [/usr]# yum -y install epel-releaseLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, tsflags, universal-hooks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* EA4: 66.23.237.210
* base: mirrors.linode.com
* extras: mirrors.linode.com
* updates: mirrors.linode.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-5 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================
   Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================
Installing:
epel-release noarch 7-5 extras 14 k

第二步: 安裝nDeploy 的CentOS RPM 庫

可以安裝nDeploy 的CentOS RPM 庫來安裝我們所需的nDeploy Web 類別軟體和Nginx 外掛程式

root@server1 [/usr]# yum -y install http://rpm.piserve.com/nDeploy-release-centos-1.0-1.noarch.rpmLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, tsflags, universal-hooks
nDeploy-release-centos-1.0-1.noarch.rpm | 1.7 kB 00:00:00
Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-ei5tWJ/nDeploy-release-centos-1.0-1.noarch.rpm: nDeploy-release-centos-1.0-1.noarch
Marking /var/tmp/yum-root-ei5tWJ/nDeploy-release-centos-1.0-1.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nDeploy-release-centos.noarch 0:1.0-1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================
Installing:
nDeploy-release-centos noarch 1.0-1 /nDeploy-release-centos-1.0-1.noarch 110

第三步驟：安裝nDeploy 和Nginx nDeploy 插件

root@server1 [/usr]# yum --enablerepo=ndeploy install nginx-nDeploy nDeployLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, tsflags, universal-hooks
epel/x86_64/metalink | 9.9 kB 00:00:00
epel | 4.3 kB 00:00:00
ndeploy | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/4): ndeploy/7/x86_64/primary_db | 14 kB 00:00:00
(2/4): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 169 kB 00:00:00
(3/4): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 3.7 MB 00:00:02

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================
Installing:
nDeploy noarch 2.0-11.el7 ndeploy 80 k
nginx-nDeploy x86_64 1.8.0-34.el7 ndeploy 36 M
Installing for dependencies:
PyYAML x86_64 3.10-11.el7 base 153 k
libevent x86_64 2.0.21-4.el7 base 214 k
memcached x86_64 1.4.15-9.el7 base 84 k
python-inotify noarch 0.9.4-4.el7 base 49 k
python-lxml x86_64 3.2.1-4.el7 base 758 k

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================
Install 2 Packages (+5 Dependent packages)

我們在自己的伺服器上安裝了Nginx 插件，並按照上述步驟完成了安裝。現在我們可以設定 Nginx 作為反向代理和為現有的 cPanel 使用者帳戶建立虛擬主機，為此我們可以執行以下腳本。

第四步：啟動Nginx 作為預設的前端Web 伺服器，並建立預設的設定檔

root@server1 [/usr]# /opt/nDeploy/scripts/cpanel-nDeploy-setup.sh enableModifying apache http and https port in cpanel

httpd restarted successfully.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ndeploy_watcher.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ndeploy_watcher.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ndeploy_backends.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ndeploy_backends.service.
ConfGen:: saheetha
ConfGen:: satest

你可以看到這個腳本將修改Apache 的連接埠從80 到另一個連接埠來讓Nginx 作為前端Web 伺服器，並為現有的cPanel 使用者建立虛擬主機設定檔。一旦完成，確認 Apache 和 Nginx 的狀態。

Apache 狀態：

root@server1 [/var/run/httpd]# systemctl status httpd● httpd.service - Apache Web Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2016-01-18 06:34:23 UTC; 12s ago
Process: 25606 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/apachectl start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 24760 (httpd)
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
‣ 24760 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start

Jan 18 06:34:23 server1.centos7-test.com systemd[1]: Starting Apache Web Server...
Jan 18 06:34:23 server1.centos7-test.com apachectl[25606]: httpd (pid 24760) already running
Jan 18 06:34:23 server1.centos7-test.com systemd[1]: Started Apache Web Server.

Nginx 狀態：

root@server1 [~]# systemctl status nginx● nginx.service - nginx-nDeploy - high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun 2016-01-17 17:18:29 UTC; 13h ago
Docs: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
Main PID: 3833 (nginx)
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
├─ 3833 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
├─25473 nginx: worker process
├─25474 nginx: worker process
└─25475 nginx: cache manager process

Jan 17 17:18:29 server1.centos7-test.com systemd[1]: Starting nginx-nDeploy - high performance web server...
Jan 17 17:18:29 server1.centos7-test.com nginx[3804]: nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
Jan 17 17:18:29 server1.centos7-test.com nginx[3804]: nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
Jan 17 17:18:29 server1.centos7-test.com systemd[1]: Started nginx-nDeploy - high performance web server.

Nginx 作為前端伺服器運行在80 端口，Apache 配置被更改為監聽http 連接埠9999 和https 連接埠4430。請看他們的情況：

root@server1 [/usr/local/src]# netstat -plan | grep httpdtcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4430 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17270/httpd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9999 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17270/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::4430 :::* LISTEN 17270/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::9999 :::* LISTEN 17270/httpd

root@server1 [/usr/local/src]# netstat -plan | grep nginxtcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17802/nginx: master
tcp 0 0 45.79.183.73:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17802/nginx: master

為已有使用者建立的虛擬主機的設定檔在「/etc/nginx/sites-enabled」。這個檔案路徑包含了 Nginx 主要設定檔。

root@server1 [/etc/nginx/sites-enabled]# ll | grep .conf-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 311 Jan 17 09:02 saheetha.com.conf-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 336 Jan 17 09:02 saheethastest.com.conf

一個網域的範例虛擬主機：

server {

listen 45.79.183.73:80;#CPIPVSIX:80;# ServerNamesserver_name saheetha.com www.saheetha.com;
access_log /usr/local/apache/domlogs/saheetha.com main;
access_log /usr/local/apache/domlogs/saheetha.com-bytes_log bytes_log;

include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/saheetha.com.include;

}

我們可以啟動瀏覽器檢視網站來決定 Web 伺服器的工作狀態。安裝後，請閱讀伺服器上的 web 服務資訊。

root@server1 [/home]# ip a | grep -i eth03: eth0:  mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
inet 45.79.183.73/24 brd 45.79.183.255 scope global dynamic eth0
root@server1 [/home]# nginx -vnginx version: nginx/1.8.0

對該句話重寫，可得到：對於在 cPanel 中新建立的所有帳戶，Nginx 將會為它們建立虛擬主機。透過這些簡單的步驟，我們能夠在一台 CentOS 7 / cPanel 的伺服器上設定 Nginx 作為反向代理。

Nginx 作為反向代理的優勢

1. #方便安裝與設定。

2. 效率高、效能好。

3. 防止 Ddos 攻擊。

4. 支援使用 .htaccess 作為 PHP 的重寫規則。

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