怎麼使用SpringBoot+SpringSecurity+jwt實現驗證

環境

• springBoot 2.3.3

• springSecurity 5.0

• jjwt 0.91

pox.xml 檔案主要資訊

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

目錄結構資訊

請忽略檔案命名

jwtAccessDeniedHandler 和JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint

這兩個類別的作用是使用者存取沒有授權資源和攜帶錯誤token的錯誤返回處理資訊類，要使用這兩個類別只需要在security的設定檔中設定一下就可以只用了

/**
 * @author Bxsheng
 * @blogAddress www.kdream.cn
 * @createTIme 2020/9/17
 * since JDK 1.8
 * 当用户在没有授权的时候，返回的指定信息
 */
@Component
public class jwtAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {
    @Override
    public void handle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("用户访问没有授权资源");
        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, e==null?"用户访问没有授权资源":e.getMessage());

    }
}

/**
 * @author Bxsheng
 * @blogAddress www.kdream.cn
 * @createTIme 2020/9/17
 * since JDK 1.8
 */
@Component
public class JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
    @Override
    public void commence(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("用户访问资源没有携带正确的token");
        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        httpServletResponse.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, e==null?"用户访问资源没有携带正确的token":e.getMessage());

    }
}

UserDetailsS​​erviceImpl 登入資訊驗證

該類別直接繼承UserDetailsS​​ervice 進行登入資訊驗證，在輸入帳戶密碼進行登入的時候，會進入這個類別進行驗證資訊。

當然我這裡是直接使用了寫死的密碼，正常應該從資料庫中取得使用者的資訊和權限資訊

@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String s) throws UsernameNotFoundException {

        //直接写死数据信息，可以在这里获取数据库的信息并进行验证

        UserDetails userDetails  = User.withUsername(s).password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456"))
                .authorities("bxsheng").build();
        return userDetails;
    }
}

JwtTokenUtils jwt包裝類別

#該類別直接使用slyh 的[SpringBoot JWT實作登入權限控制(代碼))](( https://www.yisu.com/article/257119.htm)的文章裡面的類別。

package cn.kdream.securityjwt.utlis;

import io.jsonwebtoken.*;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author Bxsheng
 * @blogAddress www.kdream.cn
 * @createTIme 2020/9/16
 * since JDK 1.8
 */
public class JwtTokenUtils {
    public static final String TOKEN_HEADER = "Authorization";
    public static final String TOKEN_PREFIX = "Bearer ";
    public static final String SECRET = "jwtsecret";
    public static final String ISS = "echisan";

    private static final Long EXPIRATION = 60 * 60 * 3L; //过期时间3小时

    private static final String ROLE = "role";

    //创建token
    public static String createToken(String username, String role, boolean isRememberMe){
        Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put(ROLE, role);
        return Jwts.builder()
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, SECRET)
                .setClaims(map)
                .setIssuer(ISS)
                .setSubject(username)
                .setIssuedAt(new Date())
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + EXPIRATION * 1000))
                .compact();
    }

    //从token中获取用户名(此处的token是指去掉前缀之后的)
    public static String getUserName(String token){
        String username;
        try {
            username = getTokenBody(token).getSubject();
        } catch (    Exception e){
            username = null;
        }
        return username;
    }

    public static String getUserRole(String token){
        return (String) getTokenBody(token).get(ROLE);
    }

    private static Claims getTokenBody(String token){
        Claims claims = null;
        try{
            claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(SECRET).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
        } catch(ExpiredJwtException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch(UnsupportedJwtException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch(MalformedJwtException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch(SignatureException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch(IllegalArgumentException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return claims;
    }

    //是否已过期
    public static boolean isExpiration(String token){
        try{
            return getTokenBody(token).getExpiration().before(new Date());
        } catch(Exception e){
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
        return true;
    }
}

JwtAuthenticationFilter 自訂驗證jwt

該類別直接使用slyh 的[SpringBoot JWT實作登入權限控制(代碼))](( https://www.yisu.com/article /257119.htm))的文章裡面的類別。

這個類別主要的功能是驗證jwt訊息 ，主要攜帶了token請求過來，解析jwt並設定在security的上下文中。保存token中所包含權限資訊到上下文是這個做法的其中一個目的。你就可以對使用者進行權限認證了

/**
 * @author Bxsheng
 * @blogAddress www.kdream.cn
 * @createTIme 2020/9/16
 * since JDK 1.8
 */
public class JwtAuthenticationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {

    public JwtAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {
        super(authenticationManager);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        String tokenHeader = request.getHeader(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_HEADER);
        //如果请求头中没有Authorization信息则直接放行了
        if(tokenHeader == null || !tokenHeader.startsWith(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX)){
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
            return;
        }
        //如果请求头中有token,则进行解析，并且设置认证信息
        if(!JwtTokenUtils.isExpiration(tokenHeader.replace(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX,""))){
            //设置上下文
            UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = getAuthentication(tokenHeader);
            SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
        }
        super.doFilterInternal(request, response, chain);
    }

    //获取用户信息
    private UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken getAuthentication(String tokenHeader){
        String token = tokenHeader.replace(JwtTokenUtils.TOKEN_PREFIX, "");
        String username = JwtTokenUtils.getUserName(token);
        // 获得权限 添加到权限上去
        String role = JwtTokenUtils.getUserRole(token);
        List<GrantedAuthority> roles = new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>();
        roles.add(new GrantedAuthority() {
            @Override
            public String getAuthority() {
                return role;
            }
        });
        if(username != null){
            return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, null,roles);
        }
        return null;
    }

}

security的設定資訊

@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true) 開啟prePostEnabled註解方式授權

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityJwtConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {


    @Autowired
    private jwtAccessDeniedHandler jwtAccessDeniedHandler;

    @Autowired
    private JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
       http.cors().and().csrf().disable().authorizeRequests()
               .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS,"/**")
               .permitAll()
               .antMatchers("/").permitAll()
               //login 不拦截
               .antMatchers("/login").permitAll()
               .anyRequest().authenticated()
               //授权
               .and()
               // 禁用session
               .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
       // 使用自己定义的拦截机制，拦截jwt
        http.addFilterBefore(new JwtAuthenticationFilter(authenticationManager()), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
        //授权错误信息处理
                .exceptionHandling()
                //用户访问资源没有携带正确的token
                .authenticationEntryPoint(jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint)
                //用户访问没有授权资源
                .accessDeniedHandler(jwtAccessDeniedHandler);
    }

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        //使用的密码比较方式
        return  new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

}

啟動類別

我在啟動類別中配置了三個方法，一個是用來進行登入資訊的，另外兩個設定了需要權限存取

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class SecurityJwtApplication {

    private final AuthenticationManagerBuilder authenticationManagerBuilder;

    public SecurityJwtApplication(AuthenticationManagerBuilder authenticationManagerBuilder) {
        this.authenticationManagerBuilder = authenticationManagerBuilder;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SecurityJwtApplication.class, args);
    }



    @GetMapping("/")
    public String index(){
        return "security jwt";
    }

    @PostMapping("/login")
    public String login(@RequestParam String u,@RequestParam String p){
        // 登陆验证
        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token =
                new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(u, p);
        Authentication authentication = authenticationManagerBuilder.getObject().authenticate(token);
        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
        //创建jwt信息
        String token1 = JwtTokenUtils.createToken(u,"bxsheng", true);
        return token1;
    }

    @GetMapping("/role")
    @PreAuthorize("hasAnyAuthority('bxsheng')")
    public String roleInfo(){
        return "需要获得bxsheng权限，才可以访问";
    }

    @GetMapping("/roles")
    @PreAuthorize("hasAnyAuthority('kdream')")
    public String rolekdream(){
        return "需要获得kdream权限，才可以访问";
    }
}

效果

直接存取需要授權的使用者資訊

直接沒有使用token直接存取只要授權的資源信息，會進入JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint 類別

#取得token

存取在啟動類別中的login方法，取得token資訊

因為我使用了固定的密碼，所以在使用當錯誤的密碼訪問的時候，可以在springboot的全局異常處理中捕獲到異常信息

/**
 * @author Bxsheng
 * @blogAddress www.kdream.cn
 * @createTIme 2020/9/17
 * since JDK 1.8
 */
@RestControllerAdvice
public class Error {
    @ExceptionHandler(BadCredentialsException.class)
    public void badCredentialsException(BadCredentialsException e){
        System.out.println(e.getMessage());//用户名或密码错误

       // throw new  BadCredentialsException(e.getMessage());
    }
}

正確的獲取token，並進行受保護的資源訪問

裡面有寫死的bxsheng權限訊息，所以正常是可以取得bxsheng標識的資源資訊的。

成功取得資訊

#嘗試取得無權限資源資訊

#使用token直接存取無權限資源資訊，會進入jwtAccessDeniedHandler 類別

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