使用繼承的Java程式來計算定期存款（FDs）和定期存款（RDs）的利息

繼承是一個概念，它允許我們從一個類別存取另一個類別的屬性和行為。被繼承方法和成員變數的類別稱為超類別或父類，而繼承這些方法和成員變數的類別稱為子類別或子類別。在Java中，我們使用「extends」關鍵字來繼承一個類別。

在本文中，我們將討論使用繼承來計算定期存款和定期存款的利息的Java程式。首先，在您的本機機器IDE中建立這四個Java檔案 -

• Acnt.java − 這個文件將包含一個抽象類別‘Acnt’，用於儲存帳戶詳情，如利率和金額。它還將具有一個帶有參數‘amnt’的抽象方法‘calcIntrst’，用於計算利率。

• FDacnt.java − 它將計算定期存款（FDs）的利率。在其中，'FDacnt'類別將繼承'Acnt'類別並重寫'calcIntrst'方法。

• RDacnt.java − 它將計算定期存款（FDs）的利率。在其中，'RDacnt'類別將繼承'Acnt'類別並覆寫'calcIntrst'方法。

• Intrst.java − 這個檔案將包含主方法。

Example

Acnt.java

public abstract class Acnt{
    double intrstRate;
    double amnt; 
    abstract double calcIntrst(double amnt);
}

FDacnt.java

import java.util.*;
public class FDacnt extends Acnt {
   double FDintrstRate;
   double FDAmnt;
   int period;
   int age;
   double Gen, SenCitizen;
   Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
   @Override
   double calcIntrst(double amnt){
      this.FDAmnt = amnt;
      System.out.println("Enter your FD days");
      period = input.nextInt();
      System.out.println("Enter the age of account holder ");
      age = input.nextInt();
      if (amnt < 10000000) {
         if (period >= 7 && period <= 14) {
            Gen = 0.0450;
            SenCitizen = 0.0500;
         } else if (period >= 15 && period <= 29) {
            Gen = 0.0470;
            SenCitizen = 0.0525;
         } else if (period >= 30 && period <= 45) {
            Gen = 0.0550;
            SenCitizen = 0.0600;
         } else if (period >= 45 && period <= 60) {
            Gen = 0.0700;
            SenCitizen = 0.0750;
         } else if (period >= 61 && period <= 184) {
            Gen = 0.0750;
            SenCitizen = 0.0800;
         } else if (period >= 185 && period <= 365) {
            Gen = 0.0800;
            SenCitizen = 0.0850;
         }
         FDintrstRate = (age < 50) ? Gen : SenCitizen;
      } else {
         if (period >= 7 && period <= 14) {
            intrstRate = 0.065;
         } else if (period >= 15 && period <= 29) {
            intrstRate = 0.0675;
         } else if (period >= 30 && period <= 45) {
            intrstRate = 0.00675;
         } else if (period >= 45 && period <= 60) {
            intrstRate = 0.080;
         } else if (period >= 61 && period <= 184) {
            intrstRate = 0.0850;
         } else if (period >= 185 && period <= 365) {
            intrstRate = 0.10;
         }
      }
      return FDAmnt * FDintrstRate;
   }
}

RDacnt.java

的翻譯為：

RDacnt.java

import java.util.*;
public class RDacnt extends Acnt{
   double RDIntrstRate;
   double RDamnt;
   int periods;
   double monthlyAmnt;
   double Gen, SenCitizen;
   Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
   @Override
   double calcIntrst(double amnt){
      this.RDamnt = amnt;
      System.out.println("Enter your RD months");
      periods =input.nextInt();
      System.out.println("Enter the age of account holder");
      int age =input.nextInt();
      if (periods >= 0 && periods <= 6) {
         Gen = .0750;
         SenCitizen = 0.080;
      } else if (periods >= 7 && periods <= 9) {
         Gen = .0775;
         SenCitizen = 0.0825;
      } else if (periods >= 10 && periods <= 12) {
         Gen = .0800;
         SenCitizen = 0.0850;
      } else if (periods >= 13 && periods <= 15) {
         Gen = .0825;
         SenCitizen = 0.0875;
      } else if (periods >= 16 && periods <= 18) {
         Gen = .0850;
         SenCitizen = 0.0900;
      } else if (periods >= 22) {
         Gen = .0875;
         SenCitizen = 0.0925;
      }
      RDIntrstRate = (age < 50) ? Gen : SenCitizen;
      return RDamnt * RDIntrstRate;
   }
}

Intrst.java

的翻譯為：

Intrst.java

import java.util.*;
public class Intrst{
   public static void main(String[] args){
      Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
      System.out.println("Choose from the Options: " + "\n1." + " FD Interest" + " \n2." + " RD Interest"
      + "\n3." + " Exit");
      int choice = sc.nextInt();
      switch (choice){
         case 1:
         FDacnt fds = new FDacnt();
         System.out.println("Enter your FD Amount");
         double fAmnt = sc.nextDouble();
         System.out.println("Interest gained on your FD Amount is: $ " + fds.calcIntrst(fAmnt));
         break;
         case 2:
         RDacnt rds = new RDacnt();
         System.out.println("Enter your RD amount");
         double RAmnt = sc.nextDouble();
         System.out.println("Interest gained on your RD Amount is: $ " + rds.calcIntrst(RAmnt));
         break;
         default:
         System.out.println("Choose correct choice");
      }
   }
}

要編譯此程式碼，請鍵入以下命令：javac Intrst.java

# Now to run: java Intrst

輸出

Choose from the Options: 
1. FD Interest
2. RD Interest
3. Exit
1
Enter your FD Amount
56000
Enter your FD days
325
Enter the age of account holder 
32
Interest gained on your FD Amount is: $ 4480.0

上述程式是一個選單驅動程式。當我們執行程式時，螢幕上將顯示三個選項。選擇1來計算定期存款的利率，選擇2來計算定期存款的利率。

結論

我們使用了層次繼承的概念來計算定期存款和定期存款的利息。類別“Acnt”被其兩個子類別“FDacnt”和“RDacnt”繼承。

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