將由鍊錶表示的兩個數字相加

這裡我們將看到如何將儲存在單獨鍊錶中的兩個數字相加。在鍊錶中，儲存了數字的每一位數字。如果數字是 512，那麼它將像下面一樣儲存 -

512 = (5)-->(1)-->(2)-->NULL

我們提供了兩個這種類型的列表，我們的任務是將它們相加並在計算總和後得到結果。這裡我們使用C STL鍊錶。讓我們看看演算法來下注更好的想法。

演算法

addListNumbers(l1, l2)

Begin
   Adjust the l1 and l2 lengths by adding leading 0s with the smaller one
   carry := 0
   res := an empty list
   for each node n from l1, scan from last to first, do
      item := (l1.item + l2.item + carry) mod 10
      insert item at the beginning of res
      carry := (l1.item + l2.item + carry) / 10
   done
   if carry is not 0, then
      add carry at the beginning of res
   end if
   return res
End

範例

#include<iostream>
#include<list>
using namespace std;
list addListNumbers(list<int> l1, list<int> l2){
   //add leading 0s to the shortest number to make them equal length
   if(l1.size() > l2.size()){
      for(int i = l2.size(); i != l1.size(); i++){
         l2.push_front(0);
      }
   }else if(l1.size() < l2.size()){
      for(int i = l1.size(); i != l2.size(); i++){
         l1.push_front(0);
      }
   }
   list<int>::reverse_iterator it1 = l1.rbegin();
   list<int>::reverse_iterator it2 = l2.rbegin();
   list<int> result;
   int carry = 0;
   while(it1 != l1.rend()){
      result.push_front((*it1 + *it2 + carry) % 10);
      carry = (*it1 + *it2 + carry) / 10;
      it1++; it2++;
   }
   if(carry != 0){
      result.push_front(carry);
   }
   return result;
}
list<int> numToList(int n){
   list<int> numList;
   while(n != 0){
      numList.push_front(n % 10);
      n /= 10;
   }
   return numList;
}
void displayListNum(list<int> numList){
   for(list<int>::iterator it = numList.begin(); it != numList.end();
   it++){
      cout<<*it;
   }
   cout << endl;
}
int main() {
   int n1 = 512;
   int n2 = 14578;
   list<int> n1_list = numToList(n1);
   list<int> n2_list = numToList(n2);
   list<int> res = addListNumbers(n1_list, n2_list);
   cout << "First number: "; displayListNum(n1_list);
   cout << "Second number: "; displayListNum(n2_list);
   cout << "Result: "; displayListNum(res);
}

輸出

First number: 512
Second number: 14578
Result: 15090

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