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使用自訂文章類型透過 WordPress 建立自訂常見問題解答系統

王林
發布: 2023-08-30 22:34:01
原創
1296 人瀏覽過

使用自定义帖子类型通过 WordPress 创建自定义常见问题解答系统

我最近與我的一位客戶合作,她在她的工作領域擔任專業顧問。她問我是否可以實施一個問答系統,確切地說是一個常見問題解答頁面。我說,“當然,我們可以創建一個頁面,然後用不同的樣式粘貼問題和答案”,但她說她會創建不同的頁面並對問題和答案進行分類,為了更有條理,她需要一個不同的方法。

#

為此,我將向您展示如何使用自訂貼文類型、分類法和短程式碼,透過幾行簡單的程式碼來處理她的請求。

自訂貼文類型和分類

建立常見問題解答系統需要什麼?

  • 我們需要用於問題和答案的欄位。
  • 我們需要類別來對不同類型的問題及其答案進行分類和區分。
  • 在我們的例子中,我們需要一個短代碼來將這些問題組或所有問題嵌入到頁面或貼文中。

讓我們先建立自訂貼文類型。

第 1 步:建立自訂貼文類型

當然,我們首先會為常見問題解答項目設定自訂貼文類型。我們將在register_post_type() 函數的幫助下建立一個新的自訂貼文類型,但如果您想要一個用於建立貼文類型的GUI,您可以使用GenerateWP 的貼文類型產生器工俱生成它,就像我在這個例子:

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<?php

 

if ( ! function_exists( 'tuts_faq_cpt' ) ) {

 

// register custom post type

    function tuts_faq_cpt() {

 

        // these are the labels in the admin interface, edit them as you like

        $labels = array(

            'name'                => _x( 'FAQs', 'Post Type General Name', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'singular_name'       => _x( 'FAQ', 'Post Type Singular Name', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'menu_name'           => __( 'FAQ', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'parent_item_colon'   => __( 'Parent Item:', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'all_items'           => __( 'All Items', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'view_item'           => __( 'View Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'add_new_item'        => __( 'Add New FAQ Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'add_new'             => __( 'Add New', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'edit_item'           => __( 'Edit Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'update_item'         => __( 'Update Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'search_items'        => __( 'Search Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'not_found'           => __( 'Not found', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'not_found_in_trash'  => __( 'Not found in Trash', 'tuts_faq' ),

        );

        $args = array(

            // use the labels above

            'labels'              => $labels,

            // we'll only need the title, the Visual editor and the excerpt fields for our post type

            'supports'            => array( 'title', 'editor', 'excerpt', ),

            // we're going to create this taxonomy in the next section, but we need to link our post type to it now

            'taxonomies'          => array( 'tuts_faq_tax' ),

            // make it public so we can see it in the admin panel and show it in the front-end

            'public'              => true,

            // show the menu item under the Pages item

            'menu_position'       => 20,

            // show archives, if you don't need the shortcode

            'has_archive'         => true,

        );

        register_post_type( 'tuts_faq', $args );

 

    }

 

    // hook into the 'init' action

    add_action( 'init', 'tuts_faq_cpt', 0 );

 

}

 

?>

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提示:如果您的專案將涉及更多自訂貼文類型,這些類型可能比這個簡單的常見問題解答貼文類型更複雜,我可以推薦一個名為SuperCPT 的酷工具,它允許您創建新帖子類型具有更簡單的程式碼。我也寫了一篇關於SuperCPT的教程,你可以在這裡查看。

第 2 步:建立自訂分類

為了區分不同類型的問題(例如我的客戶關於流產和產後憂鬱症的問題和答案),我們需要一個類別系統。正如你們許多人已經知道的那樣,WordPress 透過自訂分類法提供了此功能。

這裡的基本函數是 register_taxonomy() 但同樣,如果您需要圖形介面,您可以使用GenerateWP 的分類產生器工具。

程式碼如下:

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<?php

 

if ( ! function_exists( 'tuts_faq_tax' ) ) {

 

    // register custom taxonomy

    function tuts_faq_tax() {

 

        // again, labels for the admin panel

        $labels = array(

            'name'                       => _x( 'FAQ Categories', 'Taxonomy General Name', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'singular_name'              => _x( 'FAQ Category', 'Taxonomy Singular Name', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'menu_name'                  => __( 'FAQ Categories', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'all_items'                  => __( 'All FAQ Cats', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'parent_item'                => __( 'Parent FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'parent_item_colon'          => __( 'Parent FAQ Cat:', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'new_item_name'              => __( 'New FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'add_new_item'               => __( 'Add New FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'edit_item'                  => __( 'Edit FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'update_item'                => __( 'Update FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'separate_items_with_commas' => __( 'Separate items with commas', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'search_items'               => __( 'Search Items', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'add_or_remove_items'        => __( 'Add or remove items', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'choose_from_most_used'      => __( 'Choose from the most used items', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'not_found'                  => __( 'Not Found', 'tuts_faq' ),

        );

        $args = array(

            // use the labels above

            'labels'                     => $labels,

            // taxonomy should be hierarchial so we can display it like a category section

            'hierarchical'               => true,

            // again, make the taxonomy public (like the post type)

            'public'                     => true,

        );

        // the contents of the array below specifies which post types should the taxonomy be linked to

        register_taxonomy( 'tuts_faq_tax', array( 'tuts_faq' ), $args );

 

    }

 

    // hook into the 'init' action

    add_action( 'init', 'tuts_faq_tax', 0 );

 

}

 

?>

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就是這樣!現在您有了一個常見問題解答帖子類型,其中的分類法稱為“常見問題解答類別”,相互連結!檢查您的管理面板,您將在「常見問題」下看到「常見問題解答類別」選單項目。

就像常規貼文類別一樣,您可以在「常見問題解答類別」頁面中新增、編輯或刪除它們,也可以在編寫新的常見問題解答專案時新增類別。

第 3 步:建立 [faq] 簡碼

有趣的部分來了:建立短程式碼。 (如果您讀過我之前的帖子,您就會知道我是 WordPress 短代碼的忠實粉絲。)我們基本上會將常見問題解答項目嵌入到帖子和頁面中。

接下來會發生什麼:

  • 在我們新的自訂貼文類型中查詢,
  • 使用短代碼參數過濾其類別,
  • 將問題和答案顯示為標題和內容,
  • 透過「更多...」連結顯示答案摘錄,由另一個短代碼參數控制。

讓我們開始建立短程式碼。與上面的程式碼一樣,我將添加一些有用的註解:

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<?php

 

if ( ! function_exists( 'tuts_faq_shortcode' ) ) {

 

    function tuts_faq_shortcode( $atts ) {

        extract( shortcode_atts(

                array(

                    // category slug attribute - defaults to blank

                    'category' => '',

                    // full content or excerpt attribute - defaults to full content

                    'excerpt' => 'false',

                ), $atts )

        );

         

        $output = '';

         

        // set the query arguments

        $query_args = array(

            // show all posts matching this query

            'posts_per_page'    =>   -1,

            // show the 'tuts_faq' custom post type

            'post_type'         =>   'tuts_faq',

            // show the posts matching the slug of the FAQ category specified with the shortcode's attribute

            'tax_query'         =>   array(

                array(

                    'taxonomy'  =>   'tuts_faq_tax',

                    'field'     =>   'slug',

                    'terms'     =>   $category,

                )

            ),

            // tell WordPress that it doesn't need to count total rows - this little trick reduces load on the database if you don't need pagination

            'no_found_rows'     =>   true,

        );

         

        // get the posts with our query arguments

        $faq_posts = get_posts( $query_args );

        $output .= '<div class="tuts-faq">';

         

        // handle our custom loop

        foreach ( $faq_posts as $post ) {

            setup_postdata( $post );

            $faq_item_title = get_the_title( $post->ID );

            $faq_item_permalink = get_permalink( $post->ID );

            $faq_item_content = get_the_content();

            if( $excerpt == 'true' )

                $faq_item_content = get_the_excerpt() . '<a href="' . $faq_item_permalink . '">' . __( 'More...', 'tuts_faq' ) . '</a>';

             

            $output .= '<div class="tuts-faq-item">';

            $output .= '<h3 class="tuts-faq-item-title">' . $faq_item_title . '</h3>';

            $output .= '<div class="tuts-faq-item-content">' . $faq_item_content . '</div>';

            $output .= '</div>';

        }

         

        wp_reset_postdata();

         

        $output .= '</div>';

         

        return $output;

    }

 

    add_shortcode( 'faq', 'tuts_faq_shortcode' );

 

}

 

?>

登入後複製

就是這樣!現在我們有一個簡潔的短代碼來嵌入我們的問題和答案。您可以使用類別名稱tuts-faqtuts-faq-itemtuts-faq-item-titletuts-faq-item- content 將其樣式設定。不過,即使您不包含額外的樣式,也應該沒問題。

第 4 步:總結程式碼

由於這些程式碼不僅涉及前端樣式,還引入新功能,因此它算是外掛領域。這就是為什麼我們必須將程式碼保存為插件。當我們這樣做時,我們還應該在啟用和停用時刷新重寫規則。

完整程式碼如下:

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<?php

/*

Plugin Name: Simple FAQ System

Plugin URI: http://code.tutsplus.com/

Description: Helps you create an FAQ section for your WordPress website. Shortcode usage: <code>[faq]</code>

Version: 1.0

Author: Barış Ünver

Author URI: http://hub.tutsplus.com/authors/baris-unver

License: Public Domain

*/

 

if ( ! function_exists( 'tuts_faq_cpt' ) ) {

 

// register custom post type

    function tuts_faq_cpt() {

 

        // these are the labels in the admin interface, edit them as you like

        $labels = array(

            'name'                => _x( 'FAQs', 'Post Type General Name', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'singular_name'       => _x( 'FAQ', 'Post Type Singular Name', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'menu_name'           => __( 'FAQ', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'parent_item_colon'   => __( 'Parent Item:', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'all_items'           => __( 'All Items', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'view_item'           => __( 'View Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'add_new_item'        => __( 'Add New FAQ Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'add_new'             => __( 'Add New', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'edit_item'           => __( 'Edit Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'update_item'         => __( 'Update Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'search_items'        => __( 'Search Item', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'not_found'           => __( 'Not found', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'not_found_in_trash'  => __( 'Not found in Trash', 'tuts_faq' ),

        );

        $args = array(

            // use the labels above

            'labels'              => $labels,

            // we'll only need the title, the Visual editor and the excerpt fields for our post type

            'supports'            => array( 'title', 'editor', 'excerpt', ),

            // we're going to create this taxonomy in the next section, but we need to link our post type to it now

            'taxonomies'          => array( 'tuts_faq_tax' ),

            // make it public so we can see it in the admin panel and show it in the front-end

            'public'              => true,

            // show the menu item under the Pages item

            'menu_position'       => 20,

            // show archives, if you don't need the shortcode

            'has_archive'         => true,

        );

        register_post_type( 'tuts_faq', $args );

 

    }

 

    // hook into the 'init' action

    add_action( 'init', 'tuts_faq_cpt', 0 );

 

}

 

if ( ! function_exists( 'tuts_faq_tax' ) ) {

 

    // register custom taxonomy

    function tuts_faq_tax() {

 

        // again, labels for the admin panel

        $labels = array(

            'name'                       => _x( 'FAQ Categories', 'Taxonomy General Name', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'singular_name'              => _x( 'FAQ Category', 'Taxonomy Singular Name', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'menu_name'                  => __( 'FAQ Categories', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'all_items'                  => __( 'All FAQ Cats', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'parent_item'                => __( 'Parent FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'parent_item_colon'          => __( 'Parent FAQ Cat:', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'new_item_name'              => __( 'New FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'add_new_item'               => __( 'Add New FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'edit_item'                  => __( 'Edit FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'update_item'                => __( 'Update FAQ Cat', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'separate_items_with_commas' => __( 'Separate items with commas', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'search_items'               => __( 'Search Items', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'add_or_remove_items'        => __( 'Add or remove items', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'choose_from_most_used'      => __( 'Choose from the most used items', 'tuts_faq' ),

            'not_found'                  => __( 'Not Found', 'tuts_faq' ),

        );

        $args = array(

            // use the labels above

            'labels'                     => $labels,

            // taxonomy should be hierarchial so we can display it like a category section

            'hierarchical'               => true,

            // again, make the taxonomy public (like the post type)

            'public'                     => true,

        );

        // the contents of the array below specifies which post types should the taxonomy be linked to

        register_taxonomy( 'tuts_faq_tax', array( 'tuts_faq' ), $args );

 

    }

 

    // hook into the 'init' action

    add_action( 'init', 'tuts_faq_tax', 0 );

 

}

 

if ( ! function_exists( 'tuts_faq_shortcode' ) ) {

 

    function tuts_faq_shortcode( $atts ) {

        extract( shortcode_atts(

                array(

                    // category slug attribute - defaults to blank

                    'category' => '',

                    // full content or excerpt attribute - defaults to full content

                    'excerpt' => 'false',

                ), $atts )

        );

         

        $output = '';

         

        // set the query arguments

        $query_args = array(

            // show all posts matching this query

            'posts_per_page'    =>   -1,

            // show the 'tuts_faq' custom post type

            'post_type'         =>   'tuts_faq',

            // show the posts matching the slug of the FAQ category specified with the shortcode's attribute

            'tax_query'         =>   array(

                array(

                    'taxonomy'  =>   'tuts_faq_tax',

                    'field'     =>   'slug',

                    'terms'     =>   $category,

                )

            ),

            // tell WordPress that it doesn't need to count total rows - this little trick reduces load on the database if you don't need pagination

            'no_found_rows'     =>   true,

        );

         

        // get the posts with our query arguments

        $faq_posts = get_posts( $query_args );

        $output .= '<div class="tuts-faq">';

         

        // handle our custom loop

        foreach ( $faq_posts as $post ) {

            setup_postdata( $post );

            $faq_item_title = get_the_title( $post->ID );

            $faq_item_permalink = get_permalink( $post->ID );

            $faq_item_content = get_the_content();

            if( $excerpt == 'true' )

                $faq_item_content = get_the_excerpt() . '<a href="' . $faq_item_permalink . '">' . __( 'More...', 'tuts_faq' ) . '</a>';

             

            $output .= '<div class="tuts-faq-item">';

            $output .= '<h2 class="faq-item-title">' . $faq_item_title . '</h2>';

            $output .= '<div class="faq-item-content">' . $faq_item_content . '</div>';

            $output .= '</div>';

        }

         

        wp_reset_postdata();

         

        $output .= '</div>';

         

        return $output;

    }

 

    add_shortcode( 'faq', 'tuts_faq_shortcode' );

 

}

 

function tuts_faq_activate() {

    tuts_faq_cpt();

    flush_rewrite_rules();

}

 

register_activation_hook( __FILE__, 'tuts_faq_activate' );

 

function tuts_faq_deactivate() {

    flush_rewrite_rules();

}

register_deactivation_hook( __FILE__, 'tuts_faq_deactivate' );

 

?>

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改進空間

當我向我的客戶展示如何使用它時,她對結果感到滿意。但在這裡,我們可以使用更多功能擴充程式碼,例如...

  1. 手風琴效果:如果您想透過一些切換效果使常見問題解答部分更具吸引力,您可以使用一些很棒的 jQuery 插件。如果您想使用 jQuery UI,Shane Osbourne 提供了一個很棒的教程,介紹如何使用。
  2. 分頁:如果您對某個類別有很多問題和答案,並且不想一次顯示所有項目,您可以透過更改posts_per_page 參數來限制帖子數量自訂短代碼的查詢,並使用wp_reset_postdata(); 程式碼在行下方新增分頁連結所需的程式碼。請記住刪除 'no_found_rows' => true, 行,但如果不刪除它,分頁將無法運作!
  3. 隨機問題:假設您想在主頁上顯示一個隨機問題和答案,並且希望它在每次頁面刷新時進行更改。您需要做的就是前往自訂查詢,將posts_per_page 參數從-1 更改為1 並新增另一行程式碼'orderby' => 'random', 和你'一切順利!

結論

這就是您如何透過使用自訂文章類型、自訂分類法和短程式碼在 WordPress 中建立簡單的常見問題解答系統。我希望您喜歡本教程,並且可以在下一個專案中使用它。如果您喜歡這篇文章,請不要忘記分享它!

您對改進此常見問題解答系統有什麼想法嗎?在下面分享您的評論!

以上是使用自訂文章類型透過 WordPress 建立自訂常見問題解答系統的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章!

來源:php.cn
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