如何使用PHP和Vue開發倉庫管理的物流管理功能
#隨著電子商務的快速發展,倉庫管理的物流管理功能變得越來越重要。在這篇文章中,我將介紹如何使用PHP和Vue來開發一個簡單而實用的倉庫管理系統,並提供具體的程式碼範例。
在開始開發之前,我們需要準備一些開發環境。首先,確保你的電腦上已經安裝了PHP和Vue的開發環境。你可以透過下載和安裝XAMPP、WAMP或MAMP來搭建本地的PHP開發環境。同時,你也需要安裝Node.js來支援Vue的開發。你可以透過在命令列中執行以下命令來檢查是否已經安裝了Node.js:
node -v
倉庫管理系統需要一個資料庫來儲存物流管理的相關數據。在這個範例中,我們將需要建立一個名為"warehouse"的資料庫,並建立以下兩個表格來儲存資料:
物品表(items):用於儲存所有入庫的物品資訊。
CREATE TABLE items ( id INT(11) AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), quantity INT(11), created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP );
物流表(shipments):用於儲存所有物流訊息,包括物流公司、寄件者、收件者等。
CREATE TABLE shipments ( id INT(11) AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, item_id INT(11), company VARCHAR(255), sender VARCHAR(255), receiver VARCHAR(255), created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, FOREIGN KEY (item_id) REFERENCES items(id) );
接下來,我們將透過PHP來建構後端的API介面。
首先,建立一個名為"api"的資料夾,並在其中建立一個名為"index.php"的檔案。在"index.php"中,我們將建立以下幾個API介面:
取得所有物品資訊:
<?php header("Content-Type: application/json"); require_once 'config.php'; $query = "SELECT * FROM items"; $result = mysqli_query($conn, $query); $items = []; while ($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result)) { $items[] = $row; } echo json_encode($items);
建立新物品:
<?php header('Content-Type: application/json'); require_once 'config.php'; $name = $_POST['name']; $quantity = $_POST['quantity']; $query = "INSERT INTO items (name, quantity) VALUES ('$name', $quantity)"; $result = mysqli_query($conn, $query); $response = []; if ($result) { $response['message'] = 'Item created successfully'; } else { $response['message'] = 'Failed to create item'; } echo json_encode($response);
取得所有物流資訊:
<?php header("Content-Type: application/json"); require_once 'config.php'; $query = "SELECT shipments.id, items.name, shipments.company, shipments.sender, shipments.receiver, shipments.created_at FROM shipments INNER JOIN items ON shipments.item_id = items.id"; $result = mysqli_query($conn, $query); $shipments = []; while ($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result)) { $shipments[] = $row; } echo json_encode($shipments);
建立新物流資訊:
<?php header('Content-Type: application/json'); require_once 'config.php'; $item_id = $_POST['item_id']; $company = $_POST['company']; $sender = $_POST['sender']; $receiver = $_POST['receiver']; $query = "INSERT INTO shipments (item_id, company, sender, receiver) VALUES ($item_id, '$company', '$sender', '$receiver')"; $result = mysqli_query($conn, $query); $response = []; if ($result) { $response['message'] = 'Shipment created successfully'; } else { $response['message'] = 'Failed to create shipment'; } echo json_encode($response);
在"api"資料夾中還需要建立一個名為"config.php"的文件,該文件用來配置資料庫連接資訊:
<?php $conn = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'warehouse'); if (!$conn) { die("Connection failed: " . mysqli_connect_error()); }
現在,我們將使用Vue來開發前端介面。
在專案的根目錄下建立一個名為"frontend"的資料夾,並透過命令列進入該資料夾。
首先,安裝Vue CLI。在命令列中執行以下命令:
npm install -g @vue/cli
建立一個新的Vue專案。在命令列中執行以下命令,並根據提示進行設定:
vue create warehouse-management
進入新建立的Vue專案的目錄。在命令列中執行以下命令:
cd warehouse-management
安裝所需的依賴。在命令列中執行以下命令:
npm install
在"src"資料夾中建立一個名為"components"的資料夾,並在其中建立以下幾個元件:
##Item列表元件(ItemList.vue):<template> <div> <h2>物品列表</h2> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>物品名称</th> <th>数量</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr v-for="item in items" :key="item.id"> <td>{{ item.name }}</td> <td>{{ item.quantity }}</td> <td> <button @click="deleteItem(item.id)">删除</button> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3>添加新物品</h3> <input type="text" v-model="newItemName" placeholder="物品名称"> <input type="number" v-model="newItemQuantity" placeholder="数量"> <button @click="createItem">添加</button> </div> </template> <script> export default { data() { return { items: [], newItemName: '', newItemQuantity: 0 }; }, mounted() { this.getItems(); }, methods: { getItems() { axios.get('/api/get_items.php').then(response => { this.items = response.data; }); }, createItem() { axios.post('/api/create_item.php', { name: this.newItemName, quantity: this.newItemQuantity }).then(response => { this.getItems(); this.newItemName = ''; this.newItemQuantity = 0; }); }, deleteItem(id) { axios.post('/api/delete_item.php', { id: id }).then(response => { this.getItems(); }); } } }; </script>
<template> <div> <h2>物流列表</h2> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>物品名称</th> <th>物流公司</th> <th>寄件人</th> <th>收件人</th> <th>创建时间</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr v-for="shipment in shipments" :key="shipment.id"> <td>{{ shipment.name }}</td> <td>{{ shipment.company }}</td> <td>{{ shipment.sender }}</td> <td>{{ shipment.receiver }}</td> <td>{{ shipment.created_at }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3>添加新物流</h3> <select v-model="selectedItem"> <option v-for="item in items" :value="item.id">{{ item.name }}</option> </select> <input type="text" v-model="newShipmentCompany" placeholder="物流公司"> <input type="text" v-model="newShipmentSender" placeholder="寄件人"> <input type="text" v-model="newShipmentReceiver" placeholder="收件人"> <button @click="createShipment">添加</button> </div> </template> <script> export default { data() { return { items: [], selectedItem: '', shipments: [], newShipmentCompany: '', newShipmentSender: '', newShipmentReceiver: '' }; }, mounted() { this.getItems(); this.getShipments(); }, methods: { getItems() { axios.get('/api/get_items.php').then(response => { this.items = response.data; }); }, getShipments() { axios.get('/api/get_shipments.php').then(response => { this.shipments = response.data; }); }, createShipment() { axios.post('/api/create_shipment.php', { item_id: this.selectedItem, company: this.newShipmentCompany, sender: this.newShipmentSender, receiver: this.newShipmentReceiver }).then(response => { this.getShipments(); this.newShipmentCompany = ''; this.newShipmentSender = ''; this.newShipmentReceiver = ''; }); } } }; </script>
<template> <div id="app"> <item-list></item-list> <shipment-list></shipment-list> </div> </template> <script> import ItemList from './components/ItemList.vue'; import ShipmentList from './components/ShipmentList.vue'; export default { components: { ItemList, ShipmentList } }; </script>
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