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AngularJS: API: ngMockE2E/service/$httpBackend
$httpBackend
- - service in module ngMockE2E
Fake HTTP backend implementation suitable for end-to-end testing or backend-less development of applications that use the $http service.
注意: For fake http backend implementation suitable for unit testing please see unit-testing $httpBackend mock.
This implementation can be used to respond with static or dynamic responses via the when api
and its shortcuts (whenGET, whenPOST, etc) and optionally pass through requests to the
real $httpBackend for specific requests (如： to interact with certain remote apis or to fetch
templates from a webserver).
As opposed to unit-testing, in an end-to-end testing scenario or in scenario when an application
is being developed with the real backend api replaced with a mock, it is often desirable for
certain category of requests to bypass the mock and issue a real http request (如： to fetch
templates or static files from the webserver). To configure the backend with this behavior
use the passThrough request handler of when instead of respond.
此外， we don't want to manually have to flush mocked out requests like we do during unit testing. For this reason the e2e $httpBackend automatically flushes mocked out requests automatically, closely simulating the behavior of the XMLHttpRequest object.
To setup the application to run with this http backend, you have to create a module that depends
on the ngMockE2E and your application modules and defines the fake backend:
myAppDev = angular.module('myAppDev', ['myApp', 'ngMockE2E']);
myAppDev.run(Function($httpBackend) {
phones = [{name: 'phone1'}, {name: 'phone2'}];
// returns the current list of phones
$httpBackend.whenGET('/phones').respond(phones);
// adds a new phone to the phones array
$httpBackend.whenPOST('/phones').respond(Function(method, url, data) {
var phone = angular.fromJson(data);
phones.push(phone);
return [200, phone, {}];
});
$httpBackend.whenGET(/^\/templates\//).passThrough();
//...
});Afterwards, bootstrap your app with this new module.
方法
-
when(method, url, [data], [headers]);Creates a new backend definition.
参数
参数 类型 详述 method string HTTP method.
url stringRegExpfunction(string) HTTP url or function that receives the url and returns true if the url match the current definition.
data (可选)stringRegExp HTTP request body.
headers (可选)Objectfunction(Object) HTTP headers or function that receives http header object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
返回值
requestHandler Returns an object with
respondandpassThroughmethods that control how a matched request is handled.- respond –
{Function([status,] data[, headers, statusText]) | Function(Function(method, url, data, headers)}– The respond method takes a set of static data to be returned or a function that can return an array containing response status (number), response data (string), response headers (Object), and the text for the status (string). - passThrough –
{Function()}– Any request matching a backend definition withpassThroughhandler will be passed through to the real backend (an XHR request will be made to the server.)
- respond –
-
whenGET(url, [headers]);Creates a new backend definition for GET requests. For more info see
when().参数
参数 类型 详述 url stringRegExpfunction(string) HTTP url or function that receives the url and returns true if the url match the current definition.
headers (可选)Objectfunction(Object) HTTP headers.
返回值
requestHandler Returns an object with
respondandpassThroughmethods that control how a matched request is handled. -
whenHEAD(url, [headers]);Creates a new backend definition for HEAD requests. For more info see
when().参数
参数 类型 详述 url stringRegExpfunction(string) HTTP url or function that receives the url and returns true if the url match the current definition.
headers (可选)Objectfunction(Object) HTTP headers.
返回值
requestHandler Returns an object with
respondandpassThroughmethods that control how a matched request is handled. -
whenDELETE(url, [headers]);Creates a new backend definition for DELETE requests. For more info see
when().参数
参数 类型 详述 url stringRegExpfunction(string) HTTP url or function that receives the url and returns true if the url match the current definition.
headers (可选)Objectfunction(Object) HTTP headers.
返回值
requestHandler Returns an object with
respondandpassThroughmethods that control how a matched request is handled. -
whenPOST(url, [data], [headers]);Creates a new backend definition for POST requests. For more info see
when().参数
参数 类型 详述 url stringRegExpfunction(string) HTTP url or function that receives the url and returns true if the url match the current definition.
data (可选)stringRegExp HTTP request body.
headers (可选)Objectfunction(Object) HTTP headers.
返回值
requestHandler Returns an object with
respondandpassThroughmethods that control how a matched request is handled. -
whenPUT(url, [data], [headers]);Creates a new backend definition for PUT requests. For more info see
when().参数
参数 类型 详述 url stringRegExpfunction(string) HTTP url or function that receives the url and returns true if the url match the current definition.
data (可选)stringRegExp HTTP request body.
headers (可选)Objectfunction(Object) HTTP headers.
返回值
requestHandler Returns an object with
respondandpassThroughmethods that control how a matched request is handled. -
whenPATCH(url, [data], [headers]);Creates a new backend definition for PATCH requests. For more info see
when().参数
参数 类型 详述 url stringRegExpfunction(string) HTTP url or function that receives the url and returns true if the url match the current definition.
data (可选)stringRegExp HTTP request body.
headers (可选)Objectfunction(Object) HTTP headers.
返回值
requestHandler Returns an object with
respondandpassThroughmethods that control how a matched request is handled. -
whenJSONP(url);Creates a new backend definition for JSONP requests. For more info see
when().参数
参数 类型 详述 url stringRegExpfunction(string) HTTP url or function that receives the url and returns true if the url match the current definition.
返回值
requestHandler Returns an object with
respondandpassThroughmethods that control how a matched request is handled.