問題
RT
因為最近想學習Nginx伺服器，就想搭建一個Tomcat+Nginx，簡單的實作動靜分離的功能。
具體程式碼和設定
版本
Ubuntu：ubuntu-16.04-desktop-amd64
JDK：jdk1.8.0_101
Tomcat：apache-tomcat-8.5.4
Nginx：nginx/1.10.0
ubuntu ip:192.168.182.129
#Tomcat設定（/conf/server.xml）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
-->
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
<!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
-->
<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
<!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
<!-- Global JNDI resources
Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
-->
<GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
-->
<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>
<Service name="Catalina">
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="test.nt.springmvc.com" appBase="webapps/springmvc"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<Context path="/springmvc" docBase="springmvc.war"/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
Nginx 設定(/nginx/sites-available/default)
upstream tomcat {
server 192.168.182.129:8080;
}
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 ;
root /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.4/webapps/springmvc;
#server_name _;
server_name test.nt.springmvc.com;
location /{
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tomcat;
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
}
測試
透過Tomcat，請求url：http://test.nt.springmvc.com:...
#透過Nginx，請求url：http://test.nt.springmvc.com/
#透過Nginx，請求url：http://test.nt.springmvc.com/...
#透過Nginx，請求url：http://test.nt.springmvc.com/...
#tomcat日誌
192.168.182.129 - - [28/Jul/2016:15:11:36 +0800] "GET /springmvc/test/ HTTP/1.1" 200 106
192.168.182.129 - - [28/Jul/2016:15:12:40 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 404 -
192.168.182.129 - - [28/Jul/2016:15:13:05 +0800] "GET /springmvc HTTP/1.0" 302 -
192.168.182.129 - - [28/Jul/2016:15:13:05 +0800] "GET /springmvc/ HTTP/1.0" 404 990
Nginx日誌
192.168.182.129 - - [28/Jul/2016:15:12:40 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0"
192.168.182.129 - - [28/Jul/2016:15:13:05 +0800] "GET /springmvc HTTP/1.1" 302 5 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0"
192.168.182.129 - - [28/Jul/2016:15:13:05 +0800] "GET /springmvc/ HTTP/1.1" 404 441 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0"
192.168.182.129 - - [28/Jul/2016:15:13:37 +0800] "GET /springmvc/test HTTP/1.1" 404 152 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:45.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/45.0"
透過日誌可以看到，我第四次的請求並沒有轉發到Tomcat這裡，找了網路上好多文檔，都沒有發現是哪裡出現的問題。以下是對應的網頁
解決方法
Nginx 設定(/nginx/sites-available/default)
upstream tomcat {
server 192.168.182.129:8080;
}
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 ;
root /opt/apache-tomcat-8.5.4/webapps/springmvc;
server_name test.nt.springmvc.com;
location / {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://tomcat;
#try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
}
可以看到在nginx的設定檔中，將try_files $uri $uri/ =404註解掉就可以正常存取了
try_files
nginx上try_files 判斷檔案是否存在
$uri
指的是請求的檔案和路徑，不包括「?」或「#」之後的東西
$request_uri: /stat.php?id=1585378&web_id=1585378
$uri /stat.php
$document_uri: /stat.php
####
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