mysql优化 - MySQL中使用UNION进行两表合并，去重导致效率低下，请问如何优化？

Question

如下SQL语句在MySQL中执行需要2秒左右的时间，如果使用UNION ALL进行不去重合并只需要0.4秒，UNION ALL配合DISTINCT来去重速度又变成2秒了，请问如何进行优化？

SELECT
    a. KEY,
    a. DATA,
    a.date_added
FROM
    (
        (
            SELECT
                CONCAT('customer_', ca. KEY) AS `key`,
                ca. DATA,
                ca.date_added
            FROM
                `cf_customer_activity` ca
        )
        UNION
            (
                SELECT
                    CONCAT('affiliate_', aa. KEY) AS `key`,
                    aa. DATA,
                    aa.date_added
                FROM
                    `cf_affiliate_activity` aa
            )
    ) a
ORDER BY
    a.date_added DESC
LIMIT 0,
 5;

Answer 1

看你寫的語句key前綴不一樣永遠不會有重複啊，直接union all

Answer 2

當然先使用QEP

mysql> explain select * from wp_options limit 1\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
           id: 1
  select_type: SIMPLE
        table: wp_options
   partitions: NULL
         type: ALL
possible_keys: NULL
          key: NULL
      key_len: NULL
          ref: NULL
         rows: 136
     filtered: 100.00
        Extra: NULL
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> show session status like 'Handler_read%';
+-----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name         | Value |
+-----------------------+-------+
| Handler_read_first    | 3     |
| Handler_read_key      | 3     |
| Handler_read_last     | 0     |
| Handler_read_next     | 0     |
| Handler_read_prev     | 0     |
| Handler_read_rnd      | 0     |
| Handler_read_rnd_next | 209   |
+-----------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

至於每個欄位的具體意義，自己查資料。

Answer 3

@prolifes 是對的。也許題主沒表達清楚。

我補充另外一個思路，因為你最後只需要5條數據，從ca中取5條，再從aa中取5條，總共10條排序，這個會很快。

SELECT
    a. KEY,
    a. DATA,
    a.date_added
FROM
    (
        (
            SELECT
                CONCAT('customer_', ca. KEY) AS `key`,
                ca. DATA,
                ca.date_added
            FROM
                `cf_customer_activity` ca
            ORDER BY 
                a.date_added DESC /* 如果date_added有索引的话，这个会比较快 */ 
            LIMIT 0,5
        )
        UNION ALL
            (
                SELECT
                    CONCAT('affiliate_', aa. KEY) AS `key`,
                    aa. DATA,
                    aa.date_added
                FROM
                    `cf_affiliate_activity` aa
                ORDER BY 
                    a.date_added DESC /* 如果date_added有索引的话，这个会比较快 */ 
                LIMIT 0,5
            )
    ) a
ORDER BY
    a.date_added DESC
LIMIT 0, 5;