如何生成数据库字典？
示例代码使用PHP框架：Thinkphp5.0
PHP代码：
/**
* 生成数据库字典html
* 可直接另存为再copy到word文档中使用
*
* @return mixed
*/
public function dataDictionary()
{
$tables = Db::query('SHOW TABLE STATUS');
$table_list = array_map('array_change_key_case', $tables);
$table_data = [];
foreach ($table_list as $item) {
$table_name = str_replace(config('database.prefix'),'',$item['name']);
$table_fields = $this->showColumns($table_name);
foreach ($table_fields as &$fieldItem) {
$fieldItem['comment'] = $this->getDbColumnComment($table_name, $fieldItem['name']);
}
$table_data[] = [
'table_name' => $item['name'],
'table_comment' => $item['comment'],
'table_fields' => $table_fields
];
}
$this->assign('table_data', $table_data);
return $this->fetch('');
}
/**
* 显示表结构信息
*
* @param string $table
* @return array
*/
private function showColumns($table){
$sql = 'SHOW COLUMNS FROM `'.config('database.prefix').$table.'`';
$result = Db::query($sql);
if ($result === false) return array();
$array = array();
if (!empty($result)) {
foreach ($result as $k=>$v) {
$array[$v['Field']] = [
'name' => $v['Field'],
'type' => $v['Type'],
'null' => $v['Null'],
'default' => $v['Default'],
'primary' => (strtolower($v['Key']) == 'pri'),
'autoinc' => (strtolower($v['Extra']) == 'auto_increment'),
];
}
}
return $array;
}
/**
* 获取数据库字段注释
*
* @param string $table_name 数据表名称(必须，不含前缀)
* @param string|boolean $field 字段名称(默认获取全部字段,单个字段请输入字段名称)
* @param string $table_schema 数据库名称(可选)
* @return string
*/
private function getDbColumnComment($table_name = '', $field = true, $table_schema = ''){
// 接收参数
$database = config('database');
$table_schema = empty($table_schema) ? $database['database'] : $table_schema;
$table_name = $database['prefix'] . $table_name;
// 处理参数
$param = [
$table_name,
$table_schema
];
// 字段
$columnName = '';
if($field !== true){
$param[] = $field;
$columnName = "AND COLUMN_NAME = ?";
}
// 查询结果
$result = Db::query("SELECT COLUMN_NAME as field,column_comment as comment FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE table_name = ? AND table_schema = ? $columnName", $param);
if(empty($result) && $field !== true){
return $table_name . '表' . $field . '字段不存在';
}
// 处理结果
foreach($result as $k => $v){
$data[$v['field']] = $v['comment'];
if(strpos($v['comment'], '#*#') !== false){
$tmpArr = explode('#*#', $v['comment']);
$data[$v['field']] = json_decode(end($tmpArr), true);
}
}
// 字段注释格式不正确
if(empty($data)){
return $table_name . '表' . $field . '字段注释格式不正确';
}
return count($data) == 1 ? reset($data) : $data;
}Html代码：
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>快速生成数据库字典</title>
<style type="text/css">
.table-name {
text-align: center;
margin: 15px auto;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 20px;
}
table {
border-collapse: collapse;
margin: 0 auto;
text-align: center;
width: 550px;
}
table caption {
margin: 15px auto;
}
table td, table th {
border: 1px solid #cad9ea;
color: #666;
height: 30px;
}
table thead th {
background-color: #CCE8EB;
width: 100px;
}
table tr:nth-child(odd) {
background: #fff;
}
table tr:nth-child(even) {
background: #F5FAFA;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
{foreach $table_data as $tableInfo}
<div class="table-name">{$tableInfo.table_name}(表注释：{$tableInfo.table_comment})</div>
<table class="table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>字段</th>
<th>类型</th>
<th>空</th>
<th>默认</th>
<th>注释</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{foreach $tableInfo['table_fields'] as $field}
<tr>
<td>
{$field.name}
</td>
<td>
{$field.type}
</td>
<td>
{$field.null}
</td>
<td style="max-width: 30px;">
{$field.default}
</td>
<td>
{$field.comment}
</td>
</tr>
{/foreach}
</tbody>
</table>
{/foreach}
</body>
</html>注：如需保存到word文档，需网页另存为html文件并用word软件打开，将内容全选复制到新的word文档中即可。
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