配置Oracle 11g的Dataguard测试，创建物理备库(Physical Standby Database)

主、备库均为Linux相同的系统版本,数据库版本均为Oracle11gR2主库：10.1.1.1 备库：10.2.2.21、确认主备数据库系统系统：[root@

主、备库均为Linux相同的系统版本,数据库版本均为Oracle11gR2
主库：10.1.1.1  备库：10.2.2.2
1、确认主备数据库系统
系统：
[root@LINUXIDC1 ~]# uname -a
Linux LINUXIDC1 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:39 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

备库：
[root@LINUXIDC2 ~]# uname -a
Linux LINUXIDC2 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:39 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2、在主库设置：
SQL>ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
查看下面参数：
如：SQL> show parameter LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1
主库
DB_NAME=bhoms
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=bhoms01  （如果是spfile文件，alter system set db_unique_name='bhoms01' scope=spfile; 统一修改参数后，可以重启数据库）
LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(bhoms01,bhoms02)'  （alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(bhoms01,bhoms02)';）
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BHOMS/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=bhoms01'
(alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BHOMS/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=bhoms01';)
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='service=bhoms02 async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=bhoms02'
(alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=bhoms02 async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=bhoms02';)
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE  (alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE;)
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE  (alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;)
FAL_SERVER=bhoms02  (alter system set fal_server=bhoms02;)
FAL_CLIENT=bhoms01  (alter system set fal_client=bhoms01;)
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='bhoms02','bhoms01'   (alter system set DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='bhoms02','bhoms01' scope=spfile;)
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bhoms/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bhoms','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BHOMS02/onlinelog','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BHOMS01/onlinelog'
(alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bhoms/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/bhoms','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BHOMS02/onlinelog','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BHOMS01/onlinelog' scope=spfile;)
STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO  (alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO;)

关闭数据库：
SQL> shutdown immediate;

启动：
SQL> startup

查看：
SQL> select * from v$dataguard_config;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME
------------------------------
bhoms01
bhoms02

3、在主库备份
[oraoms@LINUXIDC1 ~]$ rman target/
RMAN> backup database;

把备份的数据文件ftp上传到备库/home/oraoms/backup上
ftp 10.2.2.2
输入用户、密码
cd /home/oraoms/backup
bin
put 文件名
bye

在主库上创建备库的控制文件
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oraoms/bhoms02.ctl';

Database altered.
在主库上创建备份需要的pfile文件
SQL> create pfile='/home/oraoms/initbhoms.ora' from spfile;

File created.

把上面的控制文件、pfile文件、密码文件上传到备库
（密码文件位于：$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwbhoms）

4、在备库上对文件授权
[oraoms@LINUXIDC2 backup]$ pwd
/home/oraoms/backup
[oraoms@LINUXIDC2 backup]$ chmod 777 *

5、假设备库上已经安装好数据库名为bhoms的数据库
关闭数据库，，备份数据文件到其他的目录
SQL>shutdown immediate

配置备库tnsnames.ora($ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora)
bhoms01 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.1.1.1)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = bhoms01)
    )
  )

bhoms02 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.2.2.2)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = bhoms02)
    )
  )

测试：
[oraoms@LINUXIDC2 admin]$ tnsping bhoms01
[oraoms@LINUXIDC2 admin]$ tnsping bhoms02

同时配置主库的tnsnames.ora($ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora)
bhoms01 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.1. 1.1)(端口 = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (服务器 = 专用)
      (SERVICE_NAME = bhoms01)
    )
  )

bhoms02 =
  (描述 =
    (地址 = (协议 = TCP)(主机 = 10.2.2.2)(端口 = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (服务器 = 专用)
      (SERVICE_NAME = bhoms02)
    )
  )
测试：
[oraoms@LINUXIDC1 admin]$ tnsping bhoms01
[oraoms@LINUXIDC1 admin]$ tnsping bhoms02