测试您的 Laravel 应用程序对于确保您的代码按预期工作至关重要。 Pest 是一个 PHP 测试框架，设计简约且用户友好。在这篇博文中，我们将逐步使用 Pest 在 Laravel 中创建一个测试用例，重点关注一个测试雇主记录创建的示例，包括上传徽标。
先决条件
- Laravel 应用程序设置
- Laravel 应用程序中安装的害虫
如果您还没有安装 Pest，您可以按照 Pest 官方安装指南进行安装。
第 1 步：设置模型和关系
确保您的用户和雇主模型正确设置并具有必要的关系。
用户模型 (app/Models/User.php):
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasOne;
class User extends Authenticatable
{
public function employer(): HasOne
{
return $this->hasOne(Employer::class);
}
}
登录后复制
雇主模型 (app/Models/Employer.php):
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
class Employer extends Model
{
protected $fillable = ['name', 'email', 'phone', 'address', 'city', 'website', 'user_id', 'logo'];
public function user(): BelongsTo
{
return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
}
}
登录后复制
第二步：设立工厂
创建用于生成测试数据的工厂。
用户工厂（database/factories/UserFactory.php）：
namespace Database\Factories;
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;
class UserFactory extends Factory
{
protected $model = User::class;
public function definition()
{
return [
'name' => $this->faker->name(),
'email' => $this->faker->unique()->safeEmail(),
'email_verified_at' => now(),
'password' => bcrypt('password'), // password
'remember_token' => Str::random(10),
];
}
}
登录后复制
雇主工厂（数据库/工厂/EmployerFactory.php）：
namespace Database\Factories;
use App\Models\Employer;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
use Illuminate\Http\UploadedFile;
class EmployerFactory extends Factory
{
protected $model = Employer::class;
public function definition()
{
return [
'name' => $this->faker->company,
'email' => $this->faker->companyEmail,
'phone' => $this->faker->phoneNumber,
'address' => $this->faker->address,
'city' => $this->faker->city,
'website' => $this->faker->url,
UploadedFile::fake()->image('logo.png')
];
}
}
登录后复制
第三步：编写控制器
创建一个控制器方法来处理雇主的创建。
雇主控制器 (app/Http/Controllers/EmployerController.php):
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Models\Employer;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;
class EmployerController extends Controller
{
public function __construct()
{
}
public function store(Request $request)
{
$validated = $request->validate([
'name' => 'required|string|max:255',
'email' => 'required|email',
'phone' => 'required|string',
'address' => 'nullable|string',
'city' => 'nullable|string',
'website' => 'nullable|url',
'logo' => 'nullable|image|mimes:jpeg,png,jpg,gif,svg|max:2048',
]);
if ($request->hasFile('logo')) {
$path = $request->file('logo')->store('logos', 'public');
$validated['logo'] = $path;
}
$employer = $request->user()->employer()->create($validated);
return response()->json($employer, 201);
}
}
登录后复制
第 4 步：创建 Pest 测试
创建测试文件并编写测试用例来验证雇主的创建，包括上传徽标。
创建测试文件：
php artisan pest:test EmployerControllerTest
登录后复制
编写测试用例（tests/Feature/EmployerControllerTest.php）：
<?php
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Employer;
use Illuminate\Http\UploadedFile;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage;
uses(RefreshDatabase::class);
it('prevents guests from creating an employer', function () {
// Define the data to be sent in the POST request
$data = [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
'phone' => '1234567890',
'address' => '123 Employer St',
'city' => 'Employer City',
'website' => 'https://www.employer.com',
];
// Send the POST request to create the employer as a guest (unauthenticated)
$response = $this->post('/api/employers', $data);
// Assert that the response status is 401 (Unauthorized)
$response->assertStatus(401);
// Optionally, check that the employer was not created
$this->assertDatabaseMissing('employers', [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
]);
});
it('creates a new employer for authenticated user', function () {
// Create a user and log them in
$user = User::factory()->create();
Auth::login($user);
// Define the data to be sent in the POST request
$data = [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
'phone' => '1234567890',
'address' => '123 Employer St',
'city' => 'Employer City',
'website' => 'https://www.employer.com',
];
// Send the POST request to create the employer
$response = $this->post('/api/employers', $data);
// Assert that the response status is 201 (Created)
$response->assertStatus(201);
// Assert that the employer was created
$this->assertDatabaseHas('employers', [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
]);
});
it('creates a new employer with a logo', function () {
// Create a user and log them in
$user = User::factory()->create();
Auth::login($user);
// Fake a storage disk for testing
Storage::fake('public');
// Define the data to be sent in the POST request
$data = [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
'phone' => '1234567890',
'address' => '123 Employer St',
'city' => 'Employer City',
'website' => 'https://www.employer.com',
'logo' => UploadedFile::fake()->image('logo.png'), // Fake file for testing
];
// Send the POST request to create the employer
$response = $this->post('/api/employers', $data);
// Assert that the response status is 201 (Created)
$response->assertStatus(201);
// Optionally, check if the employer was actually created
$this->assertDatabaseHas('employers', [
'name' => 'Test Employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
]);
// Check that the file was uploaded
Storage::disk('public')->assertExists('logos/logo.png'); // Adjust path as needed
});
登录后复制
第 5 步：运行害虫测试
运行您的 Pest 测试以确保一切按预期工作：
php artisan test --testsuit=Feature
登录后复制
结论
按照以下步骤，您可以使用 Pest 在 Laravel 中创建测试用例来验证雇主记录的创建，包括处理文件上传。这种方法可确保您的应用程序按预期运行，并有助于在开发过程的早期发现任何问题。测试愉快！
以上是如何使用 Pest 在 Laravel 中创建测试用例的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章！
