在本教程中，我们将引导您使用 React 构建一个有趣的交互式测验网站。这个项目是初学者练习在 React 中处理用户输入、管理状态和渲染动态内容的好方法。
测验网站允许用户回答多项选择题并获得有关他们选择的即时反馈。测验结束时，用户会看到他们的分数以及正确答案。
该项目的结构如下：
├── public ├── src │ ├── components │ │ ├── Quiz.jsx │ │ ├── Question.jsx │ ├── App.jsx │ ├── App.css │ ├── index.js │ └── index.css ├── package.json └── README.md
测验组件负责呈现问题、计算分数以及处理测验完成。
import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
import Result from "./Result";
import Question from "./Question";
const data = [
{
question: "What is the capital of France?",
options: ["Paris", "Berlin", "Madrid", "Rome"],
answer: "Paris",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Germany?",
options: ["Berlin", "Munich", "Frankfurt", "Hamburg"],
answer: "Berlin",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Spain?",
options: ["Madrid", "Barcelona", "Seville", "Valencia"],
answer: "Madrid",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Italy?",
options: ["Rome", "Milan", "Naples", "Turin"],
answer: "Rome",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of the United Kingdom?",
options: ["London", "Manchester", "Liverpool", "Birmingham"],
answer: "London",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Canada?",
options: ["Ottawa", "Toronto", "Vancouver", "Montreal"],
answer: "Ottawa",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Australia?",
options: ["Canberra", "Sydney", "Melbourne", "Brisbane"],
answer: "Canberra",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Japan?",
options: ["Tokyo", "Osaka", "Kyoto", "Nagoya"],
answer: "Tokyo",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of China?",
options: ["Beijing", "Shanghai", "Guangzhou", "Shenzhen"],
answer: "Beijing",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Russia?",
options: ["Moscow", "Saint Petersburg", "Novosibirsk", "Yekaterinburg"],
answer: "Moscow",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of India?",
options: ["New Delhi", "Mumbai", "Bangalore", "Chennai"],
answer: "New Delhi",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Brazil?",
options: ["Brasilia", "Rio de Janeiro", "Sao Paulo", "Salvador"],
answer: "Brasilia",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Mexico?",
options: ["Mexico City", "Guadalajara", "Monterrey", "Tijuana"],
answer: "Mexico City",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of South Africa?",
options: ["Pretoria", "Johannesburg", "Cape Town", "Durban"],
answer: "Pretoria",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Egypt?",
options: ["Cairo", "Alexandria", "Giza", "Luxor"],
answer: "Cairo",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Turkey?",
options: ["Ankara", "Istanbul", "Izmir", "Antalya"],
answer: "Ankara",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Argentina?",
options: ["Buenos Aires", "Cordoba", "Rosario", "Mendoza"],
answer: "Buenos Aires",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Nigeria?",
options: ["Abuja", "Lagos", "Kano", "Ibadan"],
answer: "Abuja",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Saudi Arabia?",
options: ["Riyadh", "Jeddah", "Mecca", "Medina"],
answer: "Riyadh",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Indonesia?",
options: ["Jakarta", "Surabaya", "Bandung", "Medan"],
answer: "Jakarta",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Thailand?",
options: ["Bangkok", "Chiang Mai", "Phuket", "Pattaya"],
answer: "Bangkok",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Malaysia?",
options: ["Kuala Lumpur", "George Town", "Johor Bahru", "Malacca"],
answer: "Kuala Lumpur",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of the Philippines?",
options: ["Manila", "Cebu City", "Davao City", "Quezon City"],
answer: "Manila",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of Vietnam?",
options: ["Hanoi", "Ho Chi Minh City", "Da Nang", "Hai Phong"],
answer: "Hanoi",
},
{
question: "What is the capital of South Korea?",
options: ["Seoul", "Busan", "Incheon", "Daegu"],
answer: "Seoul",
},
];
const Quiz = () => {
const [currentQuestion, setCurrentQuestion] = useState(0);
const [score, setScore] = useState(0);
const [showResult, setShowResult] = useState(false);
const [timer, setTimer] = useState(30);
const [showNextButton, setShowNextButton] = useState(true);
useEffect(() => {
if (timer === 0) {
handleNext();
}
const timerId = setTimeout(() => setTimer(timer - 1), 1000);
return () => clearTimeout(timerId);
}, [timer]);
const handleAnswer = (selectedOption) => {
if (selectedOption === data[currentQuestion].answer) {
setScore(score + 1);
}
setShowNextButton(true); // Show the next button after answering
};
const handleNext = () => {
const nextQuestion = currentQuestion + 1;
if (nextQuestion ;
}
return (
<div classname="quiz">
<div classname="countandTime">
<div classname="questionNumber">
Question : {currentQuestion + 1} <b>/</b> {data.length}
</div>
<div classname="timer">Time left : {timer} seconds</div>
</div>
<question question="{data[currentQuestion].question}" options="{data[currentQuestion].options}" onanswer="{handleAnswer}" onnext="{handleNext}" shownextbutton="{showNextButton}"></question>
</div>
);
};
export default Quiz;
测验组件管理当前问题索引和分数。它还会跟踪测验何时完成，并在回答所有问题后显示最终分数。
问题组件处理每个问题的显示并允许用户选择答案。
const Question = ({ question, options, onAnswer, onNext, showNextButton }) => {
return (
<div classname="question">
<h2>{question}</h2>
{options.map((option, index) => (
<button classname="option" key="{index}" onclick="{()"> onAnswer(option)}>
{option}
</button>
))}
{showNextButton && <button classname="next" onclick="{onNext}">Next </button>}
</div>
);
};
export default Question;
该组件采用 data 属性，其中包括问题及其选项，并动态呈现它。 handleAnswer 函数处理所选选项。
App 组件管理布局并渲染 Quiz 组件。
import Quiz from "./components/Quiz";
import "./App.css";
import 使用 React 构建测验应用程序 from "./assets/images/quiz使用 React 构建测验应用程序.png";
const App = () => {
return (
<div classname="app">
<img classname="使用 React 构建测验应用程序" src="%7B%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8" react alt="使用 React 构建测验应用程序">
<quiz></quiz>
<p classname="footer">Made with ❤️ by Abhishek Gurjar</p>
</div>
);
};
export default App;
该组件通过页眉和页脚构建页面，测验组件呈现在中心。
结果组件负责在用户提交答案后显示他们的测验分数。它通过将用户的回答与正确答案进行比较来计算分数，并提供有关正确回答了多少个问题的反馈。
const Result = ({ score, totalQuestion }) => {
return (
<div classname="result">
<h2>Quiz Complete</h2>
<p>Your score is {score} out of {totalQuestion}</p>
</div>
);
}
export default Result;
在此组件中，分数和问题总数作为 props 传递。根据分数，该组件会向用户显示一条消息，要么表扬他们正确回答所有问题，要么鼓励他们继续练习。这种动态反馈可以帮助用户了解他们的表现。
CSS 确保测验的布局干净简单。它设计测验组件的样式并提供用户友好的视觉效果。
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
background-color: #cce2c2;
color: black;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
font-family: sans-serif;
}
.app {
width: 100%;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: flex-start;
flex-direction: column;
}
.app img {
margin: 50px;
}
/* Quiz */
.quiz {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
width: 60%;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.countandTime {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 300px;
}
.questionNumber {
font-size: 20px;
background-color: #fec33d;
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 10px;
font-weight: bold;
}
.timer {
font-size: 18px;
background-color: #44b845;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 10px;
font-weight: bold;
}
/* Question */
.question {
margin-top: 20px;
}
.question h2 {
background-color: #eaf0e7;
width: 690px;
padding: 30px;
border-radius: 10px;
}
.question .option {
display: flex;
margin-block: 20px;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: flex-start;
background-color: #eaf0e7;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 10px;
font-size: 18px;
width: 690px;
}
.question .next {
font-size: 25px;
color: white;
background-color: #35bd3a;
border: none;
padding: 10px;
width: 100px;
border-radius: 10px;
margin-left: 590px;
}
/* Result */
.result {
border-radius: 19px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
flex-direction: column;
width: 500px;
height: 300px;
margin-top: 140px;
background-color: #35bd3a;
color: white;
}
.result h2{
font-size: 40px;
}
.result p{
font-size: 25px;
}
.footer {
margin: 40px;
}
样式确保布局居中，并在测验选项上提供悬停效果，使其更具互动性。
要开始此项目，请克隆存储库并安装依赖项：
git clone https://github.com/abhishekgurjar-in/quiz-website.git cd quiz-website npm install npm start
这将启动开发服务器，并且应用程序将在 http://localhost:3000 上运行。
在此处查看测验网站的现场演示。
这个测验网站对于希望提高 React 技能的初学者来说是一个出色的项目。它提供了一种引人入胜的方式来练习管理状态、呈现动态内容和处理用户输入。
Abhishek Gurjar 是一位 Web 开发人员，热衷于构建交互式且引人入胜的 Web 应用程序。您可以在 GitHub 上关注他的工作。
以上是使用 React 构建测验应用程序的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章！
