外观设计模式是一种结构模式,它为一组复杂的类、库或子系统提供简化的接口。它用于隐藏系统的复杂性,并为客户提供更加用户友好和易于使用的界面。
主要目标
情况:
想象一下我们有一个应用程序需要以简单的方式发送电子邮件。发送电子邮件的过程可能涉及身份验证设置、SMTP 服务器、设置发件人、收件人、电子邮件正文、附件等。我们可以创建一个 Facade 来封装这些操作,而不是将这整个复杂的过程暴露给最终用户。
通过 Composer 安装 PHPMailer
composer require phpmailer/phpmailer
目录系统
?Facade ┣ ?src ┃ ┗ ?MailFacade.php ┣ ?vendor ┣ ?composer.json ┗ ?index.php
自动加载
首先,让我们确保Composer 正确管理依赖项并自动加载类。
在composer.json 文件中,我们可以包含从 src 文件夹自动加载的类,并添加 PHPMailer 依赖项:
{ "require": { "phpmailer/phpmailer": "^6.0" }, "autoload": { "psr-4": { "App\": "src/" } } }
类 MailFacade
现在让我们创建一个 MailFacade 类,它将充当外观来简化用户发送电子邮件的过程。
namespace App; use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\PHPMailer; use PHPMailer\PHPMailer\Exception; // Facade class class MailFacade { private $mail; public function __construct() { $this->mail = new PHPMailer(true); // Create a new instance of PHPMailer $this->mail->isSMTP(); // Set up to use SMTP $this->mail->Host = 'smtp.example.com'; // Set the SMTP server $this->mail->SMTPAuth = true; // Enable SMTP authentication $this->mail->Username = 'user@example.com'; // SMTP username $this->mail->Password = 'secret'; // SMTP password $this->mail->SMTPSecure = PHPMailer::ENCRYPTION_STARTTLS; // Enable TLS encryption $this->mail->Port = 587; // SMTP server port } }
sendEmail 方法
// Method to send a simple email public function sendEmail($to, $subject, $body) { try { // Set sender $this->mail->setFrom('from@example.com', 'Sender Name'); // Set recipient $this->mail->addAddress($to); // You can add more with $this->mail->addAddress('recipient2@example.com'); // Set email subject and body $this->mail->Subject = $subject; $this->mail->Body = $body; $this->mail->isHTML(true); // Set email body to accept HTML // Send email $this->mail->send(); echo 'Email successfully sent!'; } catch (Exception $e) { echo "Error sending email: {$this->mail->ErrorInfo}"; } }
方法 sendEmailWithAttachment
// Method to send an email with an attachment public function sendEmailWithAttachment($to, $subject, $body, $attachmentPath) { try { // Same basic configuration as in the previous method $this->mail->setFrom('from@example.com', 'Sender Name'); $this->mail->addAddress($to); // Set subject and body $this->mail->Subject = $subject; $this->mail->Body = $body; $this->mail->isHTML(true); // Add the attachment $this->mail->addAttachment($attachmentPath); // Send the email $this->mail->send(); echo 'Email with attachment successfully sent!'; } catch (Exception $e) { echo "Error sending email: {$this->mail->ErrorInfo}"; } }
测试
composer require phpmailer/phpmailer
这是一个实际示例,说明 Facade 模式如何简化与 PHPMailer 等复杂库的交互。
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