运行失败的 JUnit 测试:重新运行解决方案
立即重新运行失败的 JUnit 测试可以增强自动化测试套件的稳定性,特别是在处理间歇性故障时。本文探讨了实现这种机制的两种方法。
1.使用 TestRule
TestRule 提供了一种灵活的方法来修改测试执行流程。要使用 TestRule 实现重新运行,请定义:
<code class="java">public class Retry implements TestRule { private int retryCount; public Retry(int retryCount) { this.retryCount = retryCount; } public Statement apply(Statement base, Description description) { return statement(base, description); } private Statement statement(final Statement base, final Description description) { return new Statement() { @Override public void evaluate() throws Throwable { Throwable caughtThrowable = null; // Retry loop for (int i = 0; i < retryCount; i++) { try { base.evaluate(); return; } catch (Throwable t) { caughtThrowable = t; System.err.println(description.getDisplayName() + ": run " + (i+1) + " failed"); } } System.err.println(description.getDisplayName() + ": giving up after " + retryCount + " failures"); throw caughtThrowable; } }; } }
使用重试规则注释需要重试的测试:
<code class="java">@Rule public Retry retry = new Retry(3); @Test public void test1() { }
2。创建自定义 TestRunner
或者,可以定义自定义 TestRunner 来处理特定套件的测试重新运行。扩展 BlockJUnit4ClassRunner 并重写 runChild() 方法:
<code class="java">public class CustomTestRunner extends BlockJUnit4ClassRunner { private int retryCount; public CustomTestRunner(Class<?> testClass) { super(testClass); } @Override protected void runChild(final FrameworkMethod method, RunNotifier notifier) { for (int i = 0; i < retryCount; i++) { try { super.runChild(method, notifier); return; } catch (Throwable t) { System.err.println(method.getName() + ": run " + (i+1) + " failed"); } } System.err.println(method.getName() + ": giving up after " + retryCount + " failures"); throw new RuntimeException(); } }</code>
将 TestRunner 注释添加到套件类:
<code class="java">@RunWith(CustomTestRunner.class) public class TestSuite { @BeforeClass public static void setUp() { ... } @AfterClass public static void tearDown() { ... } @Test public void test1() { ... } @Test public void test2() { ... } }</code>
两种方法都允许灵活控制测试重新运行,提供处理 JUnit 测试中间歇性故障的宝贵机制。
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