在分析 ASCII 图像或地图时,可能会出现以下情况识别特定模式变得必要。其中一种图案是由三个 X 组成的垂直线。使用正则表达式,可以有效地解决此任务。
确定是否存在垂直线存在三个X的形成,可以使用以下正则表达式:
(?xm) # ignore comments and whitespace, ^ matches beginning of line ^ # beginning of line (?: . # any character except \n (?= # lookahead .*+\n # go to next line ( ?+ . ) # add a character to the 1st capturing group .*+\n # next line ( ?+ . ) # add a character to the 2nd capturing group ) )*? # repeat as few times as needed X .*+\n # X on the first line and advance to next line ?+ # if 1st capturing group is defined, use it, consuming exactly the same number of characters as on the first line X .*+\n # X on the 2nd line and advance to next line ?+ # if 2st capturing group is defined, use it, consuming exactly the same number of characters as on the first line X # X on the 3rd line
该表达式利用使用自引用捕获组进行前瞻,以计算 X 出现之前每行的字符数。如果检测到该模式,则表达式将匹配成功。
而使用正则表达式直接匹配无法提供由于后视能力有限,无法准确计数垂直线的形成,因此存在间接解决方案。
通过将以下表达式的所有匹配项替换为 $3,您可以得到问题二的答案(感兴趣的模式的数量)作为结果字符串的长度:
^ (?: (?: # match .+? characters . (?= # counting the same number on the following two lines .*+\n ( ?+ . ) .*+\n ( ?+ . ) ) )+? (?<= X ) # till the above consumes an X (?= # that matches the following conditions .*+\n ?+ (?<= X ) .*+\n ?+ (?<= X ) ) (?= # count the number of matches .*+\n ( ?+ . ) # the number of matches = length of ) )* # repeat as long as there are matches on this line .*\n? # remove the rest of the line
该表达式采用了类似的技术第一个问题,但进行了修改,将 X 包含在第一个前瞻中匹配的字符中,并用量词将其包装起来以计算匹配数。
通过将结果字符串的长度用作计数,该解决方案提供了回答第二个问题的间接方法。
以上是正则表达式可以用来计算 ASCII 图像中的垂直线结构吗?的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章!