调试 Spring RestTemplate 请求和响应：综合指南

调试 Spring RestTemplate 时，检查请求和响应可以提供宝贵的见解。要使用“-v”选项复制curl命令的详细输出，我们需要为RestTemplate启用详细的日志记录或调试。

一种方法是修改RestTemplate的源代码以包含其他日志记录语句，但是不建议将此作为主要解决方案。相反，我们可以利用 ClientHttpRequestInterceptor 的强大功能。

用于请求/响应日志记录的自定义 ClientHttpRequestInterceptor

要记录请求和响应详细信息，我们可以实现自定义 ClientHttpRequestInterceptor：

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;

public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        traceRequest(request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        traceResponse(response);
        return response;
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        log.info("===========================request begin================================================");
        log.debug("URI         : {}", request.getURI());
        log.debug("Method      : {}", request.getMethod());
        log.debug("Headers     : {}", request.getHeaders());
        log.debug("Request body: {}", new String(body, "UTF-8"));
        log.info("==========================request end================================================");
    }

    private void traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
        String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        while (line != null) {
            inputStringBuilder.append(line);
            inputStringBuilder.append('\n');
            line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        }
        log.info("============================response begin==========================================");
        log.debug("Status code  : {}", response.getStatusCode());
        log.debug("Status text  : {}", response.getStatusText());
        log.debug("Headers      : {}", response.getHeaders());
        log.debug("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder.toString());
        log.info("=======================response end=================================================");
    }

}

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带有缓冲和拦截器的 RestTemplate 配置

要使用我们的自定义拦截器，请按如下方式配置 RestTemplate：

RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory(new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory()));
List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>();
interceptors.add(new LoggingRequestInterceptor());
restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptors);

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请注意BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory 是允许拦截器多次访问响应正文所必需的。

用法和预期输出

使用此配置，调用restTemplate.execute()将以所需的格式记录请求和响应详细信息：

restTemplate.put("http://someurl", objectToPut, urlPathValues);

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您将在日志中看到以下内容：

===========================request begin===============================================
URI         : http://someurl
Method      : PUT
Headers     : {...}
Request body: {...}
==========================request end===============================================

============================response begin==========================================
Status code  : 200
Status text  : OK
Headers      : {...}
Response body: {...}
=======================response end=================================================

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此详细日志记录提供了 RestTemplate 的全面视图交互，使调试显着更加高效和方便。通过避免代码修改并利用提供的可扩展性机制，这种方法为这种常见的调试挑战提供了干净而灵活的解决方案。

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