使用 SpringRestTemplate 增强调试:启用全面的请求/响应日志记录
Spring RestTemplate 是一种用于发出 HTTP 请求的多功能工具,经常会出现由于对请求和响应数据的可见性有限,调试时面临挑战。幸运的是,有多种方法可以克服这些障碍。
一种常见的解决方案是在 RestTemplate 的源代码中实现自定义日志记录语句,但不推荐这种方法,因为它会带来可维护性和代码质量问题。
或者,利用 ClientHttpRequestInterceptor 接口提供更优雅和可扩展的解决方案。通过实现此接口,开发人员可以使用详细的日志信息来跟踪请求和响应。
这是用于跟踪请求和响应的 ClientHttpRequestInterceptor 的完整实现:
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest; import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution; import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor; import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse; public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor { final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class); @Override public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException { traceRequest(request, body); ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body); traceResponse(response); return response; } private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException { log.info("===========================request begin================================================"); log.debug("URI : {}", request.getURI()); log.debug("Method : {}", request.getMethod()); log.debug("Headers : {}", request.getHeaders() ); log.debug("Request body: {}", new String(body, "UTF-8")); log.info("==========================request end================================================"); } private void traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException { StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getBody(), "UTF-8")); String line = bufferedReader.readLine(); while (line != null) { inputStringBuilder.append(line); inputStringBuilder.append('\n'); line = bufferedReader.readLine(); } log.info("============================response begin=========================================="); log.debug("Status code : {}", response.getStatusCode()); log.debug("Status text : {}", response.getStatusText()); log.debug("Headers : {}", response.getHeaders()); log.debug("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder.toString()); log.info("=======================response end================================================="); } }
要使用此拦截器,请实例化带有 BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory 的 RestTemplate 并添加拦截器:
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory(new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory())); List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>(); interceptors.add(new LoggingRequestInterceptor()); restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptors);
使用这些步骤、全面的请求和响应日志记录可以在您的 Java 代码中访问,从而实现网络交互的高效调试和故障排除。
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