在本指南中,我们将设计一个以 Cosmos DB 作为数据库的可扩展 React Java 应用程序。此设置非常适合需要高可扩展性、低延迟和多区域可用性的应用程序。我们将涵盖从架构到部署的所有内容,并将其分解为可操作的步骤。
组织 React 项目以实现可扩展性和可维护性:
src/ ├── components/ # Reusable UI components ├── pages/ # Page-level components ├── hooks/ # Custom React hooks ├── context/ # Global state management using Context API ├── services/ # API calls ├── styles/ # CSS/SCSS files ├── App.js # Root component └── index.js # Entry point
使用react-router-dom进行导航:
import { BrowserRouter as Router, Routes, Route } from "react-router-dom"; function App() { return ( <Router> <Routes> <Route path="/" element={<Home />} /> <Route path="/users" element={<UserList />} /> </Routes> </Router> ); } export default App;
选择 Redux 或 Context API:
使用 Maven 或 Gradle 设置 Spring Boot 应用程序。包含以下依赖项:
src/ ├── components/ # Reusable UI components ├── pages/ # Page-level components ├── hooks/ # Custom React hooks ├── context/ # Global state management using Context API ├── services/ # API calls ├── styles/ # CSS/SCSS files ├── App.js # Root component └── index.js # Entry point
组织后端以实现可扩展性:
import { BrowserRouter as Router, Routes, Route } from "react-router-dom"; function App() { return ( <Router> <Routes> <Route path="/" element={<Home />} /> <Route path="/users" element={<UserList />} /> </Routes> </Router> ); } export default App;
在application.properties中添加必要的配置:
<dependency> <groupId>com.azure.spring</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-azure-starter-data-cosmos</artifactId> </dependency>
使用注释将 Java 类映射到 Cosmos DB:
src/main/java/com/example/ ├── controller/ # REST Controllers ├── service/ # Business logic ├── repository/ # Cosmos DB integration ├── model/ # Data models └── application/ # Main application class
创建数据库操作的存储库接口:
spring.cloud.azure.cosmos.endpoint=<YOUR_COSMOS_DB_ENDPOINT> spring.cloud.azure.cosmos.key=<YOUR_COSMOS_DB_KEY> spring.cloud.azure.cosmos.database=<DATABASE_NAME> spring.cloud.azure.cosmos.consistency-level=Session
在服务类中实现业务逻辑:
@Container(containerName = "users") public class User { @Id private String id; private String name; private String email; // Getters and setters }
公开 API 以与数据库交互:
@Repository public interface UserRepository extends CosmosRepository<User, String> {}
在 React 应用中使用 Axios 或 Fetch:
@Service public class UserService { @Autowired private UserRepository userRepository; public List<User> getAllUsers() { return userRepository.findAll(); } public User createUser(User user) { return userRepository.save(user); } }
@RestController @RequestMapping("/api/users") public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @GetMapping public List<User> getUsers() { return userService.getAllUsers(); } @PostMapping public User createUser(@RequestBody User user) { return userService.createUser(user); } }
import axios from "axios"; const API_URL = "http://localhost:8080/api/users"; export const fetchUsers = async () => { const response = await axios.get(API_URL); return response.data; }; export const createUser = async (user) => { const response = await axios.post(API_URL, user); return response.data; };
为前端和后端创建 Dockerfile:
import React, { useState, useEffect } from "react"; import { fetchUsers, createUser } from "./services/userService"; function UserList() { const [users, setUsers] = useState([]); useEffect(() => { fetchUsers().then(setUsers); }, []); return ( <div> <h1>User List</h1> <ul> {users.map((user) => ( <li key={user.id}>{user.name}</li> ))} </ul> </div> ); } export default UserList;
<dependency> <groupId>com.azure</groupId> <artifactId>cosmosdb-emulator</artifactId> </dependency>
使用 Kubernetes 清单部署服务:
本指南确保 React Java Cosmos DB 应用程序的健壮且可扩展的设计。您可以调整此架构以适应特定的用例,确保项目的可维护性和性能。
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