日期:2024 年 12 月 13 日
欢迎来到 JavaScript 之旅的第六天!今天,我们深入研究 JavaScript 中的两个基本数据结构:数组 和 对象。这些结构构成了现代 Web 开发中数据操作的支柱。通过掌握数组和对象,您将解锁有效存储、访问和转换数据的强大方法。
数组是存储在连续内存位置的项目(称为元素)的集合。在 JavaScript 中,数组用途广泛,可以保存混合数据类型。
// Empty array let emptyArray = []; // Array with initial elements let fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"]; console.log(fruits); // Output: ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"] // Mixed data types let mixedArray = [42, "Hello", true]; console.log(mixedArray); // Output: [42, "Hello", true]
示例:
let numbers = [1, 2, 3]; numbers.push(4); // Adds 4 to the end console.log(numbers); // Output: [1, 2, 3, 4] numbers.pop(); // Removes the last element console.log(numbers); // Output: [1, 2, 3] numbers.unshift(0); // Adds 0 to the beginning console.log(numbers); // Output: [0, 1, 2, 3] numbers.shift(); // Removes the first element console.log(numbers); // Output: [1, 2, 3]
let nums = [1, 2, 3, 4]; let squares = nums.map(num => num * num); console.log(squares); // Output: [1, 4, 9, 16]
let ages = [12, 18, 22, 16]; let adults = ages.filter(age => age >= 18); console.log(adults); // Output: [18, 22]
let numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]; let sum = numbers.reduce((acc, curr) => acc + curr, 0); console.log(sum); // Output: 10
对象是属性的集合,其中每个属性都是一个键值对。对象非常适合表示具有属性的现实世界实体。
let person = { name: "Arjun", age: 22, isStudent: true, }; console.log(person.name); // Output: Arjun console.log(person["age"]); // Output: 22
let car = { brand: "Tesla", }; car.model = "Model 3"; // Adding a new property car.brand = "Ford"; // Updating a property console.log(car); // Output: { brand: "Ford", model: "Model 3" }
delete car.model; console.log(car); // Output: { brand: "Ford" }
示例:
// Empty array let emptyArray = []; // Array with initial elements let fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"]; console.log(fruits); // Output: ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"] // Mixed data types let mixedArray = [42, "Hello", true]; console.log(mixedArray); // Output: [42, "Hello", true]
Feature | Arrays | Objects |
---|---|---|
Storage | Ordered collection of items. | Unordered collection of key-value pairs. |
Access | Index-based (arr[0]). | Key-based (obj.key). |
Best Use Case | List of related items. | Grouping attributes of an entity. |
let numbers = [1, 2, 3]; numbers.push(4); // Adds 4 to the end console.log(numbers); // Output: [1, 2, 3, 4] numbers.pop(); // Removes the last element console.log(numbers); // Output: [1, 2, 3] numbers.unshift(0); // Adds 0 to the beginning console.log(numbers); // Output: [0, 1, 2, 3] numbers.shift(); // Removes the first element console.log(numbers); // Output: [1, 2, 3]
let nums = [1, 2, 3, 4]; let squares = nums.map(num => num * num); console.log(squares); // Output: [1, 4, 9, 16]
let ages = [12, 18, 22, 16]; let adults = ages.filter(age => age >= 18); console.log(adults); // Output: [18, 22]
后续步骤
在以上是探索 JavaScript 中的数组和对象的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章!