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首页 > web前端 > js教程 > 从零开始学习jQuery (十) jQueryUI常用功能实战_jquery

从零开始学习jQuery (十) jQueryUI常用功能实战_jquery

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发布： 2016-05-16 18:10:24
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1214 人浏览过

一.摘要

本系列文章将带您进入jQuery的精彩世界, 其中有很多作者具体的使用经验和解决方案,  即使你会使用jQuery也能在阅读中发现些许秘籍.

本文是实战篇. 使用jQueryUI完成制作网站的大部分常用功能. 

二.前言

经过公司内部收集, 整理了一些经常使用javascript实现的功能.  实现这些功能的主角不是让人眼花缭乱的jQuery插件,  而是jQuery UI.

如果你还在为了一个小小的特效而去下载并安装插件, 发现Bug还没有人替你解决. 记住插件是我们没有办法的最后选择.

使用插件有太多的坏处:

1.不利于维护

2.增加页面大小

3.不利于成员间交流共享,具有学习成本.

4.不够健壮, 不能保证插件版本一直更新并修复所有问题.

下面就引入今天的主角:jQuery UI

 

三.jQuery UI

jQuery UI 是 jQuery 的一部分, 是在jQuery之上的一套专门用于UI交互的类库.  使用jQuery UI可以实现底层交互, 各种高级特效, 动画, 并且可定制主题.

我们可以用它轻松的构建高度交互的Web应用程序.

官方首页:
http://jqueryui.org/

下载:
http://jqueryui.com/download

示例和文档:
http://jqueryui.com/demos/

皮肤:
http://jqueryui.com/themeroller/

 

jQuery UI 的在线网站十分强大. 首先就是在下载时可以组装自己想要的功能定制下载:

image

并且针对各种控件不仅提供了详细的参数说明和实例,  还可以随时更换实例的皮肤:

image

本文主要讲解实例, 大家可以通过实例代码快速上手jQuery UI.  使用jQuery UI我们可以再不借助其他插件的情况下完成大部分页面应用, 说其是一个官方的超级UI插件也不为过. 包含所有功能的jQuery UI类库文件为188K, 启用Gzip压缩后是45K. 虽然较大但是一次加载全网站获益.而且45K大小在当今的互谅网时代还算可以接受.

目前还没有jQuery UI的中文教程.  因为本文是实战篇, 所以不会仔细讲解基础内容. 在后面的章节中我会加入jQuery UI的基础教程.争取成为中文jQuery UI第一教程.

 

四. 准备工作

我将所有相关的文件, 包括各种类库文件, Theme模板放置在如下路径:

http://www.dotnetapi.com/JSLib/

此路径开通了目录浏览, 可以直接查找需要的文件. 目录组织结构按照本系列: (八) 插播:jQuery实施方案 中介绍的方案组织.

另外也可以从Google上引用文件, Google的CDN速度更快也更有保证, 参见: Google's CDN

本文的实例的所有引用都使用 WebConfig.ResourceServer 这个属性:

<SPAN class=kwrd>public</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>class</SPAN> WebConfig
{
  <SPAN class=kwrd>public</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>static</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>string</SPAN> ResourceServer = <SPAN class=str>@"http://www.dotnetapi.com/</SPAN>";
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}
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五.弹出层对话框

弹出框是最常用最实用的功能. 先来看一下艺龙网上的一些应用场景.

1. 艺龙网应用场景举例

(1) 静态提示类弹出层. 弹出层的内容是固定的.

image

(2) 动态提示类弹出层. 弹出层内容是根据事件源变化的.

image

(3)遮罩类弹出层. 弹出时背景变灰并不可点击.

image

2. 应用实例

使用 jQuery UI 的 Dialog 组件. 我以轻松实现上面三种效果.

Dialog组件的主要特点是可以拖动(Draggable), 可以改变大小(Resizable) .

示例完整代码如下:

<SPAN class=asp><%@ Page Language="C#" %></SPAN>

<SPAN class=kwrd><!</SPAN><SPAN class=html>DOCTYPE</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>html</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>PUBLIC</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>html</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>xmlns</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>head</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>id</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="Head1"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>runat</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="server"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>title</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>jQuery UI - 弹出层应用实例 Dialog<SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>title</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>  
  <SPAN class=rem><!--black-tie,blitzer,blitzer,dot-luv,excite-bike,hot-sneaks,humanity,mint-choc,redmond,smoothness,south-street,start,swanky-purse,trontastic,ui-darkness,ui-lightness,vader--></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>link</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>rel</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="stylesheet"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>type</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="text/css"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>href</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="<%=WebConfig.ResourceServer +"</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>JsLib</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>jquery</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>themes</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>redmond</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>style</SPAN>.<SPAN class=attr>css</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>"%>"</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>/></SPAN> 
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>type</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="text/javascript"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>src</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="<% =WebConfig.ResourceServer %>/JsLib/jquery/jquery-min-lastest.js"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>  
  <script src=<SPAN class=str>"<% =WebConfig.ResourceServer %>/JsLib/jquery/ui/jquery-ui-all-min-lastest.js"</SPAN>
    type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>></script>
  <% <SPAN class=kwrd>if</SPAN> (<SPAN class=kwrd>false</SPAN>)
    {%><script src=<SPAN class=str>"~/js/jquery-vsdoc-lastest.js"</SPAN> type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>></script>
  <% }%>
  <script type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>>
    <SPAN class=rem>/*========== 必须放在头部加载的语句块. 尽量避免使用 ==========*/</SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <style type=<SPAN class=str>"text/css"</SPAN>>
    </style>
</head>
<body>
  <!-- Demo 静态提示类弹出层 -->
  <div <SPAN class=kwrd>class</SPAN>=<SPAN class=str>"ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all"</SPAN> style=<SPAN class=str>"width: 700px; padding: 5px;"</SPAN>>
    <h3>Demo. 共享同一个静态弹出层, 弹出层内容固定: </h3>
    <div>
      <span id=<SPAN class=str>"spanShowTip1"</SPAN>>显示提示</span>   <span id=<SPAN class=str>"spanShowTip2"</SPAN>>显示提示</span>  
      <span id=<SPAN class=str>"spanShowTip3"</SPAN>>显示提示</span>   <span id=<SPAN class=str>"spanShowTip4"</SPAN>>显示提示</span>  
    </div>
  </div>
  <br />
  <br />
  <!-- Demo 动态提示类弹出层 -->
  <div <SPAN class=kwrd>class</SPAN>=<SPAN class=str>"ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all"</SPAN> style=<SPAN class=str>"width: 700px; padding: 5px;"</SPAN>>
    <h3>Demo. 每个弹出层内容不同, 弹出层内容存储在事件源的元素属性中: </h3>
    <div>
      <span id=<SPAN class=str>"spanShowDataTip1"</SPAN> data=<SPAN class=str>"颜色是红色"</SPAN>>红色</span>  
      <span id=<SPAN class=str>"spanShowDataTip2"</SPAN> data=<SPAN class=str>"颜色是绿色"</SPAN>>绿色</span>  
    </div>
  </div>
  <br />
  <br />
  <!-- Demo 遮罩类弹出层 -->
  <div <SPAN class=kwrd>class</SPAN>=<SPAN class=str>"ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all"</SPAN> style=<SPAN class=str>"width: 700px; padding: 5px;"</SPAN>>
    <h3>Demo. 弹出IFrame </h3>
    <div>
      <input type=<SPAN class=str>"button"</SPAN> id=<SPAN class=str>"btnShowIframe"</SPAN> name=<SPAN class=str>"btnShowIframe"</SPAN> value=<SPAN class=str>"显示弹出层"</SPAN>/>
    </div>
  </div>
  
  <!-- 提示类弹出层 -->
  <div id=<SPAN class=str>"divTip"</SPAN> title=<SPAN class=str>"自定义标题"</SPAN>>
    <p>弹出层</p>
  </div>
  <!-- 遮罩类弹出层 -->
  <div id=<SPAN class=str>"divIframe"</SPAN> title=<SPAN class=str>"iFrame弹出层"</SPAN> style=<SPAN class=str>"text-align:center;"</SPAN>>
    <iframe src=<SPAN class=str>"http://www.elong.com"</SPAN> width=<SPAN class=str>"450px"</SPAN> height=<SPAN class=str>"230px"</SPAN>></iframe>
  </div>
  <script type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>>
    <SPAN class=rem>/*==========用户自定义方法==========*/</SPAN>


    <SPAN class=rem>/*==========事件绑定==========*/</SPAN>
    $(<SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>()
    {
      <SPAN class=rem>//静态提示类弹出层</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"span[id^=spanShowTip]"</SPAN>).css(<SPAN class=str>"cursor"</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>"pointer"</SPAN>).click(<SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>)
      {
        $(<SPAN class=str>"*"</SPAN>).stop();
        <SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.stopPropagation();
        <SPAN class=kwrd>var</SPAN> top = $(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.target).offset().top + 20;
        <SPAN class=kwrd>var</SPAN> left = $(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.target).offset().left;
        $(<SPAN class=str>"#divTip"</SPAN>).dialog(<SPAN class=str>"option"</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>"position"</SPAN>, [left, top]);
        $(<SPAN class=str>"#divTip"</SPAN>).dialog(<SPAN class=str>"open"</SPAN>);
      });
      <SPAN class=rem>//动态提出类弹出层</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"span[id^=spanShowDataTip]"</SPAN>).css(<SPAN class=str>"cursor"</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>"pointer"</SPAN>).click(<SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>)
      {
        $(<SPAN class=str>"*"</SPAN>).stop();
        $(<SPAN class=str>"#divTip"</SPAN>).dialog(<SPAN class=str>"close"</SPAN>);
        <SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.stopPropagation();
        <SPAN class=kwrd>var</SPAN> top = $(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.target).offset().top + 20;
        <SPAN class=kwrd>var</SPAN> left = $(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.target).offset().left;
        $(<SPAN class=str>"#divTip"</SPAN>).html($(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.target).attr(<SPAN class=str>"data"</SPAN>));
        $(<SPAN class=str>"#divTip"</SPAN>).dialog(<SPAN class=str>"option"</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>"position"</SPAN>, [left, top]);
        $(<SPAN class=str>"#divTip"</SPAN>).dialog(<SPAN class=str>"open"</SPAN>);
      });
      <SPAN class=rem>//遮罩类弹出层</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#btnShowIframe"</SPAN>).click(<SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>)
      {
        <SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.preventDefault();
        <SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.stopPropagation();
        $(<SPAN class=str>"#divIframe"</SPAN>).dialog(<SPAN class=str>"open"</SPAN>);
      });

      <SPAN class=rem>//单击自身取消冒泡</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#divTip, #divIframe"</SPAN>).bind(<SPAN class=str>"click"</SPAN>, <SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>)
      {
        <SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.stopPropagation();
      });

      <SPAN class=rem>//document对象单击隐藏所有弹出层</SPAN>
      $(document).bind(<SPAN class=str>"click"</SPAN>, <SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>)
      {
        $(<SPAN class=str>"#divTip"</SPAN>).dialog(<SPAN class=str>"close"</SPAN>);
        $(<SPAN class=str>"#divIframe"</SPAN>).dialog(<SPAN class=str>"close"</SPAN>);
      });
    });

    <SPAN class=rem>/*==========加载时执行的语句==========*/</SPAN>
    $(<SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>()
    {
    
      <SPAN class=rem>//初始化提示类弹出层</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#divTip"</SPAN>).dialog({
        show: <SPAN class=kwrd>null</SPAN>,
        bgiframe: <SPAN class=kwrd>false</SPAN>,
        autoOpen: <SPAN class=kwrd>false</SPAN>
      });

      <SPAN class=rem>//初始化遮罩类弹出层</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#divIframe"</SPAN>).dialog({
        show: <SPAN class=kwrd>null</SPAN>,
        bgiframe: <SPAN class=kwrd>false</SPAN>,
        autoOpen: <SPAN class=kwrd>false</SPAN>,
        width: 500,
        height: 300,
        draggable: <SPAN class=kwrd>true</SPAN>,        
        resizable: <SPAN class=kwrd>false</SPAN>,
        modal: <SPAN class=kwrd>true</SPAN>
      });      
    });
  <SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>body</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>html</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
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效果如图:

静态提示类弹出层

image

动态提示类弹出层:

image

遮罩类弹出层:

image

3.关键点讲解

(1)计算弹出层位置

提示类弹出框最重要的是计算弹出框的位置. 通过事件对象获取到事件源, 使用offset()函数计算事件源相对于document的位置:

        <SPAN class=kwrd>var</SPAN> top = $(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.target).offset().top;
        <SPAN class=kwrd>var</SPAN> left = $(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.target).offset().left;
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因为是相对于document, 即页面左上角的位置, 所以需要将弹出层放在Body元素中的第一层. 即父类就是body. 如果包含在其他元素中, 需要确定任何一个父类的position样式设置为了relative.

计算出来的top和left是事件源的位置, 在此位置显示会将事件源对象遮盖住. 所以通常需要手工做一些偏移, 比如top+20.

(2) 取消冒泡和浏览器默认行为

如果我们为document对象绑定了单击后关闭弹出层的事件, 那么就一定要取消事件的冒泡. 使用event对象的stopPropagation()方法可以取消冒泡.

<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.stopPropagation();
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对于具有默认行为的元素,比如提交按钮的提交表单行为, 元素的超链接行为等, 我们如果在这些元素上应用事件, 还需要取消它们的默认行为:

<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>.preventDefault();
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(3) 设置动画效果与取消动画

通过设置dialog的配置项的show属性, 可以设置显示dialog时候的动画效果:

$(<SPAN class=str>'.selector'</SPAN>).dialog({ show: <SPAN class=str>'slide'</SPAN> });
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show默认为null即无动画, 可以是使用下列值:

<SPAN class=str>'blind'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'clip'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'drop'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'explode'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'fold'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'puff'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'slide'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'scale'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'size'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'pulsate'</SPAN>.
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对于这些动画的效果, 可以在此页观看:

http://jqueryui.com/demos/show/

当一个动画效果执行时, 如果用户在此对这个元素进行操作, 就会出现各种问题, 比如定位不准确等. 所以如果应用了动画, 我们在对其操作时需要使用stop()函数来停止动画, 通常是停止虽有元素的动画:

$(<SPAN class=str>"*"</SPAN>).stop();
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但是即使停止了动画再进行操作, 如果操作的太快也容易产生问题. 所以至于是否使用动画需要经过权衡决定.

(4) 动态提示类弹出层的数据传递

动态提示类弹出层的数据是不同的, 本文实例使用的是将数据存储在元素属性data上:

<SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>span</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>id</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="spanShowDataTip1"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>data</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="颜色是红色"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>红色<SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>span</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
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这是一种简单直观的方式. 比较容易编程实现(尤其是在使用MVC编程模型的时候.)

还有一种常用方式是使用javascript变量存储数据.这两种方式在第5章时有过讲解:

http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangziqiu/archive/2009/05/06/jQuery-Learn-5.html

(5)更换主题

大家注意实例中的弹出层没有为其编辑任何样式, 但是显示出来后已经被美化过了. 这是因为我引用了jQuery UI的主题:

  <SPAN class=rem><!--black-tie,blitzer,blitzer,dot-luv,excite-bike,hot-sneaks,humanity,mint-choc,redmond,smoothness,south-street,start,swanky-purse,trontastic,ui-darkness,ui-lightness,vader--></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>link</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>rel</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="stylesheet"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>type</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="text/css"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>href</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="<%=WebConfig.ResourceServer +"</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>JsLib</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>jquery</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>themes</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>redmond</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>style</SPAN>.<SPAN class=attr>css</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>"%>"</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>/></SPAN>
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注释中有很多的主题, 只需要将引用路径中的"redmond"改为其中任何一个, 弹出层的样式会立刻发生变化.

VS中有一个Bug, 就是针对link标签, href中的语句块编译有问题, 某些情况下<%%>不被编辑解析. 所以我使用上面代码中的方式构造href属性值.

可以在下面的地址查看各个主题的效果:

http://jqueryui.com/themeroller/#themeGallery

六.Tab标签

不刷新页面, 在页面中的不同标签间切换:

image

本实例通过jQuery UI的Tabs组件实现. Tabs组件的使用与dialog一样十分简单, 默认的配置即可实现最简单的tab, 通过设置更多的options可以实现更复杂的应用.

1.应用实例

源代码:

<SPAN class=asp><%@ Page Language="C#" %></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd><!</SPAN><SPAN class=html>DOCTYPE</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>html</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>PUBLIC</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>html</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>xmlns</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>head</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>id</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="Head1"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>runat</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="server"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>title</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>jQuery UI - 弹出层应用实例 Dialog<SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>title</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=rem><!--black-tie,blitzer,blitzer,dot-luv,excite-bike,hot-sneaks,humanity,mint-choc,redmond,smoothness,south-street,start,swanky-purse,trontastic,ui-darkness,ui-lightness,vader--></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>link</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>rel</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="stylesheet"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>type</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="text/css"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>href</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="<%=WebConfig.ResourceServer +"</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>JsLib</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>jquery</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>themes</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>redmond</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>style</SPAN>.<SPAN class=attr>css</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>"%>"</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>/></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>type</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="text/javascript"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>src</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="<% =WebConfig.ResourceServer %>/JsLib/jquery/jquery-min-lastest.js"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <script src=<SPAN class=str>"<% =WebConfig.ResourceServer %>/JsLib/jquery/ui/jquery-ui-all-min-lastest.js"</SPAN>
    type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>></script>
  <% <SPAN class=kwrd>if</SPAN> (<SPAN class=kwrd>false</SPAN>)
    {%><script src=<SPAN class=str>"~/js/jquery-vsdoc-lastest.js"</SPAN> type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>></script>
  <% }%>
  <script type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>>
    <SPAN class=rem>/*========== 必须放在头部加载的语句块. 尽量避免使用 ==========*/</SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <style type=<SPAN class=str>"text/css"</SPAN>>
    </style>
</head>
<body>
  <!--Demo.默认Tab与Ajax Tab -->
  <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs1"</SPAN> style=<SPAN class=str>"width:300px;"</SPAN>>
    <ul>
      <li><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#tabs1-1"</SPAN>>One</a></li>
      <!-- Ajax Tab -->
      <li><a href=<SPAN class=str>"TabData.htm"</SPAN>>Two</a></li>
      <li><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#tabs1-3"</SPAN>>Three</a></li>
    </ul>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs1-1"</SPAN>>
      <p>Tab1内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs1-3"</SPAN>>
      <p>Tab3内容</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <br />
  <br />
  <br />
  <!--Demo. 可折叠的Tab -->
  <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs2"</SPAN> style=<SPAN class=str>"width: 300px;"</SPAN>>
    <ul>
      <li><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#tabs2-1"</SPAN>>One</a></li>
      <li><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#tabs2-2"</SPAN>>Two</a></li>
      <li><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#tabs2-3"</SPAN>>Three</a></li>
    </ul>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs2-1"</SPAN>>
      <p>Tab1内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs2-2"</SPAN>>
      <p>Tab2内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs2-3"</SPAN>>
      <p>Tab3内容</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <br />
  <br />
  <br />
  <!--Demo. 鼠标滑动即切换的Tab -->
  <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs3"</SPAN> style=<SPAN class=str>"width: 300px;"</SPAN>>
    <ul>
      <li><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#tabs3-1"</SPAN>>One</a></li>
      <li><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#tabs3-2"</SPAN>>Two</a></li>
      <li><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#tabs3-3"</SPAN>>Three</a></li>
    </ul>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs3-1"</SPAN>>
      <p>Tab1内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs3-2"</SPAN>>
      <p>Tab2内容</p>
    </div>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"tabs3-3"</SPAN>>
      <p>Tab3内容</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <script type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>>
    <SPAN class=rem>/*==========用户自定义方法==========*/</SPAN>


    <SPAN class=rem>/*==========事件绑定==========*/</SPAN>
    $(<SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>()
    {

    });

    <SPAN class=rem>/*==========加载时执行的语句==========*/</SPAN>
    $(<SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>()
    {
      <SPAN class=rem>//默认Tabs</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#tabs1"</SPAN>).tabs();
      <SPAN class=rem>//可折叠的Tabs</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#tabs2"</SPAN>).tabs({
        collapsible: <SPAN class=kwrd>true</SPAN>
      });
      <SPAN class=rem>//鼠标滑动即切换的Tabs</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#tabs3"</SPAN>).tabs({
        <SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>: <SPAN class=str>"mouseover"</SPAN>
      });
    });    
  <SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>body</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>html</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
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效果:

1. 默认设置的Tabs, Two标签内容使用Ajax获取

image

image

2.再折叠tab

image

3.鼠标滑动即切换的tab
image

2.要点讲解

(1) 注意Tabs中的HTML结构.

使用ul构建标签. 内容div一定要和标签关联, 没有关联的div将不被处理直接显示.

(2) 使用Ajax可以不指定内容容器, 但是也可以将Ajax内容放入指定容器中.

<SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>li</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>a</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>href</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="hello/world.html"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>title</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="Todo Overview"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN> ... <SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>a</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>li</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>

<SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>div</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>id</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="Todo_Overview"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN> ... <SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>div</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
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(3) 活用事件

tab有很多事件:

select, load, show, add, remove, enable, disable

使用这些事件可以完成很多复杂任务. 需要注意事件的签名:

$(<SPAN class=str>'#example'</SPAN>).bind(<SPAN class=str>'tabsselect'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>, ui) {

  <SPAN class=rem>// Objects available in the function context:</SPAN>
  ui.tab   <SPAN class=rem>// anchor element of the selected (clicked) tab</SPAN>
  ui.panel  <SPAN class=rem>// element, that contains the selected/clicked tab contents</SPAN>
  ui.index  <SPAN class=rem>// zero-based index of the selected (clicked) tab</SPAN>

});
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第一个是事件对象, 第二个ui对象是传递的额外参数, 我们可以获取tab对象, tab所在容器和tab的索引值.

比如我们可以在事件中做验证:

$(<SPAN class=str>'#example'</SPAN>).tabs({
  select: <SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>, ui) {
    <SPAN class=kwrd>var</SPAN> isValid = ... <SPAN class=rem>// form validation returning true or false</SPAN>
    <SPAN class=kwrd>return</SPAN> isValid;
  }
});
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或者当添加一个tab时立刻切换到选中状态:

<SPAN class=kwrd>var</SPAN> $tabs = $(<SPAN class=str>'#example'</SPAN>).tabs({
  add: <SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>(<SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>, ui) {
    $tabs.tabs(<SPAN class=str>'select'</SPAN>, <SPAN class=str>'#'</SPAN> + ui.panel.id);
  }
});<STYLE type=text/css>.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
	font-size: small;
	color: black;
	font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
	background-color: #ffffff;
	/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt 
{
	background-color: #f4f4f4;
	width: 100%;
	margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }
</STYLE><BR>
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活学活用, 更多应用大家也可以参见tab组件的官方文档:

http://jqueryui.com/demos/tabs

七. 手风琴菜单

使用jQuery UI的accordion组件可以实现手风琴菜单. 效果见下图.

accordion文档地址: http://jqueryui.com/demos/accordion/

1.实例效果

image

2.实例代码

<SPAN class=asp><%@ Page Language="C#" %></SPAN>

<SPAN class=kwrd><!</SPAN><SPAN class=html>DOCTYPE</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>html</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>PUBLIC</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>html</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>xmlns</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>head</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>id</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="Head1"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>runat</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="server"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>title</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>jQuery UI - 手风琴菜单应用实例 Accordion <SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>title</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=rem><!--black-tie,blitzer,blitzer,dot-luv,excite-bike,hot-sneaks,humanity,mint-choc,redmond,smoothness,south-street,start,swanky-purse,trontastic,ui-darkness,ui-lightness,vader--></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>link</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>rel</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="stylesheet"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>type</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="text/css"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>href</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="<%=WebConfig.ResourceServer +"</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>JsLib</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>jquery</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>themes</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>redmond</SPAN>/<SPAN class=attr>style</SPAN>.<SPAN class=attr>css</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>"%>"</SPAN> <SPAN class=kwrd>/></SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd><</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>type</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="text/javascript"</SPAN> <SPAN class=attr>src</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>="<% =WebConfig.ResourceServer %>/JsLib/jquery/jquery-min-lastest.js"</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <script src=<SPAN class=str>"<% =WebConfig.ResourceServer %>/JsLib/jquery/ui/jquery-ui-all-min-lastest.js"</SPAN>
    type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>></script>
  <% <SPAN class=kwrd>if</SPAN> (<SPAN class=kwrd>false</SPAN>)
    {%><script src=<SPAN class=str>"~/js/jquery-vsdoc-lastest.js"</SPAN> type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>></script>
  <% }%>
  <script type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>>
    <SPAN class=rem>/*========== 必须放在头部加载的语句块. 尽量避免使用 ==========*/</SPAN>
  <SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
  <style type=<SPAN class=str>"text/css"</SPAN>>
    body
    {
      font-size: 12px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <!-- Demo. 默认配置的Accordion菜单 -->
  <div style=<SPAN class=str>"width: 300px; float:left; margin-left:20px;"</SPAN>>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"accordion1"</SPAN>>
      <h3><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#"</SPAN>>菜单1</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
      </div>
      <h3><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#"</SPAN>>菜单2</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单2的内容
      </div>
      <h3><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#"</SPAN>>菜单3</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单3的内容
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <!-- Demo. 取消自动高度, 可折叠 -->
  <div style=<SPAN class=str>"width: 300px; float: left; margin-left: 20px;"</SPAN>>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"accordion2"</SPAN>>
      <h3><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#"</SPAN>>菜单1</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
      </div>
      <h3><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#"</SPAN>>菜单2</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单2的内容
      </div>
      <h3><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#"</SPAN>>菜单3</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单3的内容
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <!-- Demo. 鼠标滑动触发, 自定义图标 -->
  <div style=<SPAN class=str>"width: 300px; float: left; margin-left: 20px;"</SPAN>>
    <div id=<SPAN class=str>"accordion3"</SPAN>>
      <h3><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#"</SPAN>>菜单1</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
        菜单1的内容<br />
      </div>
      <h3><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#"</SPAN>>菜单2</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单2的内容
      </div>
      <h3><a href=<SPAN class=str>"#"</SPAN>>菜单3</a></h3>
      <div>
        菜单3的内容
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <script type=<SPAN class=str>"text/javascript"</SPAN>>
    <SPAN class=rem>/*==========用户自定义方法==========*/</SPAN>


    <SPAN class=rem>/*==========事件绑定==========*/</SPAN>
    $(<SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>()
    {

    });

    <SPAN class=rem>/*==========加载时执行的语句==========*/</SPAN>
    $(<SPAN class=kwrd>function</SPAN>()
    {
      <SPAN class=rem>//默认配置的Accordion菜单</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#accordion1"</SPAN>).accordion();
      <SPAN class=rem>//取消自动高度, 可折叠</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#accordion2"</SPAN>).accordion({
        autoHeight:<SPAN class=kwrd>false</SPAN>,
        collapsible: <SPAN class=kwrd>true</SPAN>
      });
      <SPAN class=rem>//鼠标滑动触发, 自定义图标</SPAN>
      $(<SPAN class=str>"#accordion3"</SPAN>).accordion({
        icons: {
              header: <SPAN class=str>"ui-icon-circle-arrow-e"</SPAN>,
                headerSelected: <SPAN class=str>"ui-icon-circle-arrow-s"</SPAN>
            },
        <SPAN class=kwrd>event</SPAN>: <SPAN class=str>"mouseover"</SPAN>
      });
    });  
  <SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>script</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>body</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
<SPAN class=kwrd></</SPAN><SPAN class=html>html</SPAN><SPAN class=kwrd>></SPAN>
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3. 关键点讲解

(1) 注意高度设置过小问题

当包含accordion控件的容器高度设计过小时, 在FireFox3中在此容器后面的内容会被accordion控件部分遮盖. 在IE中没有此问题. 经检查是因为容器高度小于菜单高度导致.  所以我们在应用时应当注意不要将容器高度设置过小.

(2) 部分关键属性

autoHeight: 设置是否自动将内容高度设置为容器高度.

collapsible: 设置是否可折叠

一般上面两个配合使用,  以为折叠后肯定会改变菜单高度, 会导致autoHeight设置为true无效.

更多属性和事件使用请参阅官方文档.

 

八.总结

本章简单介绍了jQueryUI, 并且使用jQuery UI完成了弹出层,tabs,手风琴菜单的应用实例. 使用jQuery UI可以不需要额外寻找插件. 并且实现简单.

但是有些功能是必须使用插件完成的. 下一张讲解两个插件实例: 自动完成插件AutoComplete 和 表单验证插件jQuery Validate.

本章源代码下载: http://xiazai.jb51.net/201101/yuanma/Code-jQueryStudy-10.rar

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