标签必须放在整个html文档的第一行,之后一行就是从标签开始,所有浏览器都支持标签。
标签是用来告诉浏览器用哪个html版本解析当前的html页面。
其中很多DOCTYPE中都带有DTD声明,DTD就是html文档的规范说明,主要有:strict(严格)、transitional(过度)、frameset(框架),严格类型的DTD包含了大部分的html元素和属性,但一些过时的元素已经不再支持(font\u\s\iframe等);过度的包含了所有的html元素和属性,过时的一些元素也支持;框架的DTD是为需要使用框架时所用到的DTD,如无框架,不会用到。
常用的html版本对应的DOCTYPE声明:
html版本 | DOCTYPE声明 |
HTML 5 | |
HTML 4.01 Strict | |
HTML 4.01 Transitional | br />"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> |
HTML 4.01 Frameset | br />"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd"> |
XHTML 1.0 Strict | br />"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> |
XHTML 1.0 Transitional | |
XHTML 1.0 Frameset | br />"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd"> |
XHTML 1.1 | |
对应与不同html版本的DOCTYPE所支持的元素是不同的,基本的支持情况如下列出。
标签 HTML5 HTML 4.01 / XHTML 1.0 XHTML 1.1
Transitional Strict Frameset
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
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| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| No | No | No | Yes | No |
| No | No | No | Yes | No |
to
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Yes | No | No | No | No |
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| Yes | No | No | No | No |
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| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
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