引言：
工作中开发微信网站，简称微网站。由于微网站的分享内容是系统自动选取的当前网址，客户需要改变分享的内容，即点击屏幕右上角的分享按钮，选择发送给朋友和发送到朋友圈，其中的内容和图片需要自定义。于是查找文档微信JS-SDK说明文档一文和网站众多高手的经验，大体知道了调用的步骤，但是具体如何调用才能成功却是不了解的。经过一番试验，终于成功调用发送朋友和发送到朋友圈两个接口，此处记录调用的具体过程。
步骤一：引用js文件。
在需要调用JS接口的页面引入如下JS文件，（支持https）：http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js
步骤二:通过config接口注入权限验证配置
wx.config({
debug: true, // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来，若要查看传入的参数，可以在pc端打开，参数信息会通过log打出，仅在pc端时才会打印。
appId: '', // 必填，公众号的唯一标识
timestamp: , // 必填，生成签名的时间戳
nonceStr: '', // 必填，生成签名的随机串
signature: '',// 必填，签名，见附录1
jsApiList: [] // 必填，需要使用的JS接口列表，所有JS接口列表见附录2
});网上众多网友也是这样写的，但是具体如果配却谈之甚少，接下来介绍本文是如何调用的。
debug和appId，都不用说，很简单。
timespan生成签名的时间戳：
/// <summary>
/// 生成时间戳
/// 从 1970 年 1 月 1 日 00：00：00 至今的秒数，即当前的时间，且最终需要转换为字符串形式
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string getTimestamp()
{
TimeSpan ts = DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0);
return Convert.ToInt64(ts.TotalSeconds).ToString();
}
nonceStr生成签名的随机串：
/// <summary>
/// 生成随机字符串
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string getNoncestr()
{
Random random = new Random();
return MD5Util.GetMD5(random.Next(1000).ToString(), "GBK");
}/// <summary>
/// MD5Util 的摘要说明。 /// </summary>
public class MD5Util
{ public MD5Util()
{ //
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
/** 获取大写的MD5签名结果 */
public static string GetMD5(string encypStr, string charset)
{ string retStr;
MD5CryptoServiceProvider m5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
//创建md5对象
byte[] inputBye; byte[] outputBye;
//使用GB2312编码方式把字符串转化为字节数组．
try
{
inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(encypStr);
} catch (Exception ex)
{
inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(encypStr);
}
outputBye = m5.ComputeHash(inputBye);
retStr = System.BitConverter.ToString(outputBye);
retStr = retStr.Replace("-", "").ToUpper();
return retStr;
}
}View Code
/// <summary>
/// MD5Util 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class MD5Util
{
public MD5Util()
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
/** 获取大写的MD5签名结果 */
public static string GetMD5(string encypStr, string charset)
{
string retStr;
MD5CryptoServiceProvider m5 = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
//创建md5对象
byte[] inputBye;
byte[] outputBye;
//使用GB2312编码方式把字符串转化为字节数组．
try
{
inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(encypStr);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
inputBye = Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(encypStr);
}
outputBye = m5.ComputeHash(inputBye);
retStr = System.BitConverter.ToString(outputBye);
retStr = retStr.Replace("-", "").ToUpper();
return retStr;
}
}
singature签名的生成比较麻烦。
首先生成获取access_token（有效期7200秒，开发者必须在自己的服务全局缓存access_token）
public string Getaccesstoken()
{
string appid = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WXZjAppID"].ToString();
string secret = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WXZjAppSecret"].ToString();
string urljson = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + secret;
string strjson = "";
UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding();
HttpWebRequest myRequest =
(HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(urljson);
myRequest.Method = "GET";
myRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
HttpWebResponse response;
Stream responseStream;
StreamReader reader;
string srcString;
response = myRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
srcString = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
if (srcString.Contains("access_token"))
{
//CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(srcString);
HP.CPS.BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel model = new BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel(srcString);
strjson = model.GetValue("access_token");
Session["access_tokenzj"] = strjson;
}
return strjson;
}
public class CommonJsonModelAnalyzer
{ protected string _GetKey(string rawjson)
{ if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) return rawjson;
rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' }); if (jsons.Length < 2) return rawjson; return jsons[0].Replace("\"", "").Trim();
} protected string _GetValue(string rawjson)
{ if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) return rawjson;
rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); if (jsons.Length < 2) return rawjson;
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 1; i < jsons.Length; i++)
{
builder.Append(jsons[i]);
builder.Append(":");
} if (builder.Length > 0)
builder.Remove(builder.Length - 1, 1); string value = builder.ToString(); if (value.StartsWith("\""))
value = value.Substring(1); if (value.EndsWith("\""))
value = value.Substring(0, value.Length - 1); return value;
} protected List<string> _GetCollection(string rawjson)
{ //[{},{}]
List<string> list = new List<string>(); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) return list;
rawjson = rawjson.Trim();
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); int nestlevel = -1; int mnestlevel = -1; for (int i = 0; i < rawjson.Length; i++)
{ if (i == 0) continue; else if (i == rawjson.Length - 1) continue; char jsonchar = rawjson[i]; if (jsonchar == '{')
{
nestlevel++;
} if (jsonchar == '}')
{
nestlevel--;
} if (jsonchar == '[')
{
mnestlevel++;
} if (jsonchar == ']')
{
mnestlevel--;
} if (jsonchar == ',' && nestlevel == -1 && mnestlevel == -1)
{
list.Add(builder.ToString());
builder = new StringBuilder();
} else
{
builder.Append(jsonchar);
}
} if (builder.Length > 0)
list.Add(builder.ToString()); return list;
}
} public class CommonJsonModel : CommonJsonModelAnalyzer
{ private string rawjson; private bool isValue = false; private bool isModel = false; private bool isCollection = false; public CommonJsonModel(string rawjson)
{ this.rawjson = rawjson; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson)) throw new Exception("missing rawjson");
rawjson = rawjson.Trim(); if (rawjson.StartsWith("{"))
{
isModel = true;
} else if (rawjson.StartsWith("["))
{
isCollection = true;
} else
{
isValue = true;
}
} public string Rawjson
{ get { return rawjson; }
} public bool IsValue()
{ return isValue;
} public bool IsValue(string key)
{ if (!isModel) return false; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return false; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); return submodel.IsValue();
}
} return false;
} public bool IsModel()
{ return isModel;
} public bool IsModel(string key)
{ if (!isModel) return false; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return false; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); return submodel.IsModel();
}
} return false;
} public bool IsCollection()
{ return isCollection;
} public bool IsCollection(string key)
{ if (!isModel) return false; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return false; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); return submodel.IsCollection();
}
} return false;
} /// <summary>
/// 当模型是对象，返回拥有的key /// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<string> GetKeys()
{ if (!isModel) return null;
List<string> list = new List<string>(); foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{ string key = new CommonJsonModel(subjson).Key; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
list.Add(key);
} return list;
} /// <summary>
/// 当模型是对象，key对应是值，则返回key对应的值 /// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetValue(string key)
{ if (!isModel) return null; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return null; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key) return model.Value;
} return null;
} /// <summary>
/// 模型是对象，key对应是对象，返回key对应的对象 /// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public CommonJsonModel GetModel(string key)
{ if (!isModel) return null; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return null; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); if (!submodel.IsModel()) return null; else
return submodel;
}
} return null;
} /// <summary>
/// 模型是对象，key对应是集合，返回集合 /// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public CommonJsonModel GetCollection(string key)
{ if (!isModel) return null; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key)) return null; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson); if (!model.IsValue()) continue; if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value); if (!submodel.IsCollection()) return null; else
return submodel;
}
} return null;
} /// <summary>
/// 模型是集合，返回自身 /// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<CommonJsonModel> GetCollection()
{
List<CommonJsonModel> list = new List<CommonJsonModel>(); if (IsValue()) return list; foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(rawjson))
{
list.Add(new CommonJsonModel(subjson));
} return list;
} /// <summary>
/// 当模型是值对象，返回key /// </summary>
private string Key
{ get
{ if (IsValue()) return base._GetKey(rawjson); return null;
}
} /// <summary>
/// 当模型是值对象，返回value /// </summary>
private string Value
{ get
{ if (!IsValue()) return null; return base._GetValue(rawjson);
}
}
}View Code
public class CommonJsonModelAnalyzer
{
protected string _GetKey(string rawjson)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))
return rawjson;
rawjson = rawjson.Trim();
string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' });
if (jsons.Length < 2)
return rawjson;
return jsons[0].Replace("\"", "").Trim();
}
protected string _GetValue(string rawjson)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))
return rawjson;
rawjson = rawjson.Trim();
string[] jsons = rawjson.Split(new char[] { ':' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
if (jsons.Length < 2)
return rawjson;
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 1; i < jsons.Length; i++)
{
builder.Append(jsons[i]);
builder.Append(":");
}
if (builder.Length > 0)
builder.Remove(builder.Length - 1, 1);
string value = builder.ToString();
if (value.StartsWith("\""))
value = value.Substring(1);
if (value.EndsWith("\""))
value = value.Substring(0, value.Length - 1);
return value;
}
protected List<string> _GetCollection(string rawjson)
{
//[{},{}]
List<string> list = new List<string>();
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))
return list;
rawjson = rawjson.Trim();
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
int nestlevel = -1;
int mnestlevel = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < rawjson.Length; i++)
{
if (i == 0)
continue;
else if (i == rawjson.Length - 1)
continue;
char jsonchar = rawjson[i];
if (jsonchar == '{')
{
nestlevel++;
}
if (jsonchar == '}')
{
nestlevel--;
}
if (jsonchar == '[')
{
mnestlevel++;
}
if (jsonchar == ']')
{
mnestlevel--;
}
if (jsonchar == ',' && nestlevel == -1 && mnestlevel == -1)
{
list.Add(builder.ToString());
builder = new StringBuilder();
}
else
{
builder.Append(jsonchar);
}
}
if (builder.Length > 0)
list.Add(builder.ToString());
return list;
}
}
public class CommonJsonModel : CommonJsonModelAnalyzer
{
private string rawjson;
private bool isValue = false;
private bool isModel = false;
private bool isCollection = false;
public CommonJsonModel(string rawjson)
{
this.rawjson = rawjson;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawjson))
throw new Exception("missing rawjson");
rawjson = rawjson.Trim();
if (rawjson.StartsWith("{"))
{
isModel = true;
}
else if (rawjson.StartsWith("["))
{
isCollection = true;
}
else
{
isValue = true;
}
}
public string Rawjson
{
get { return rawjson; }
}
public bool IsValue()
{
return isValue;
}
public bool IsValue(string key)
{
if (!isModel)
return false;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
return false;
foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);
if (!model.IsValue())
continue;
if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);
return submodel.IsValue();
}
}
return false;
}
public bool IsModel()
{
return isModel;
}
public bool IsModel(string key)
{
if (!isModel)
return false;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
return false;
foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);
if (!model.IsValue())
continue;
if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);
return submodel.IsModel();
}
}
return false;
}
public bool IsCollection()
{
return isCollection;
}
public bool IsCollection(string key)
{
if (!isModel)
return false;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
return false;
foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);
if (!model.IsValue())
continue;
if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);
return submodel.IsCollection();
}
}
return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 当模型是对象，返回拥有的key
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<string> GetKeys()
{
if (!isModel)
return null;
List<string> list = new List<string>();
foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
string key = new CommonJsonModel(subjson).Key;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
list.Add(key);
}
return list;
}
/// <summary>
/// 当模型是对象，key对应是值，则返回key对应的值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetValue(string key)
{
if (!isModel)
return null;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
return null;
foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);
if (!model.IsValue())
continue;
if (model.Key == key)
return model.Value;
}
return null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 模型是对象，key对应是对象，返回key对应的对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public CommonJsonModel GetModel(string key)
{
if (!isModel)
return null;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
return null;
foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);
if (!model.IsValue())
continue;
if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);
if (!submodel.IsModel())
return null;
else
return submodel;
}
}
return null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 模型是对象，key对应是集合，返回集合
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public CommonJsonModel GetCollection(string key)
{
if (!isModel)
return null;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
return null;
foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(this.rawjson))
{
CommonJsonModel model = new CommonJsonModel(subjson);
if (!model.IsValue())
continue;
if (model.Key == key)
{
CommonJsonModel submodel = new CommonJsonModel(model.Value);
if (!submodel.IsCollection())
return null;
else
return submodel;
}
}
return null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 模型是集合，返回自身
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<CommonJsonModel> GetCollection()
{
List<CommonJsonModel> list = new List<CommonJsonModel>();
if (IsValue())
return list;
foreach (string subjson in base._GetCollection(rawjson))
{
list.Add(new CommonJsonModel(subjson));
}
return list;
}
/// <summary>
/// 当模型是值对象，返回key
/// </summary>
private string Key
{
get
{
if (IsValue())
return base._GetKey(rawjson);
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 当模型是值对象，返回value
/// </summary>
private string Value
{
get
{
if (!IsValue())
return null;
return base._GetValue(rawjson);
}
}
}
接着获取jsapi_ticket：
用第一步拿到的access_token 采用http GET方式请求获得jsapi_ticket（有效期7200秒，开发者必须在自己的服务全局缓存jsapi_ticket）
public string Getjsapi_ticket()
{
string accesstoken = (string)Session["access_tokenzj"];
string urljson = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=" + accesstoken + "&type=jsapi";
string strjson = "";
UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding();
HttpWebRequest myRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(urljson);
myRequest.Method = "GET";
myRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
HttpWebResponse response = myRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader reader = new System.IO.StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
string srcString = reader.ReadToEnd();
reader.Close();
if (srcString.Contains("ticket"))
{
HP.CPS.BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel model = new BLL.WeiXin.CommonJsonModel(srcString);
strjson = model.GetValue("ticket");
Session["ticketzj"] = strjson;
}
return strjson;
}
最后生成signature：
public string Getsignature(string nonceStr, string timespanstr)
{
if (Session["access_tokenzj"] == null)
{
Getaccesstoken();
}
if (Session["ticketzj"] == null)
{
Getjsapi_ticket();
}
string url = Request.Url.ToString();
string str = "jsapi_ticket=" + (string)Session["ticketzj"] + "&noncestr=" + nonceStr +
"×tamp=" + timespanstr + "&url=" + url;// +"&wxref=mp.weixin.qq.com";
string singature = SHA1Util.getSha1(str);
string ss = singature;
return ss;
}class SHA1Util
{
public static String getSha1(String str)
{
//建立SHA1对象
SHA1 sha = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider();
//将mystr转换成byte[]
ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding();
byte[] dataToHash = enc.GetBytes(str);
//Hash运算
byte[] dataHashed = sha.ComputeHash(dataToHash);
//将运算结果转换成string
string hash = BitConverter.ToString(dataHashed).Replace("-", "");
return hash;
}
}class SHA1Util
{ public static String getSha1(String str)
{ //建立SHA1对象
SHA1 sha = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(); //将mystr转换成byte[]
ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding(); byte[] dataToHash = enc.GetBytes(str); //Hash运算
byte[] dataHashed = sha.ComputeHash(dataToHash); //将运算结果转换成string
string hash = BitConverter.ToString(dataHashed).Replace("-", ""); return hash;
}
}View Code
本文调用实例：
<script type="text/javascript">
wx.config({
debug: false,
appId: '<%=corpid %>',
timestamp: <%=timestamp%>,
nonceStr: '<%=nonceStr%>',
signature: '<%=signature %>',
jsApiList: ['onMenuShareTimeline', 'onMenuShareAppMessage']
});
</script>
步骤三：调用接口
在进行完第二步的调用后，步骤三就显得非常轻巧了。
wx.ready(function(){ // config信息验证后会执行ready方法，所有接口调用都必须在config接口获得结果之后，config是一个客户端的异步操作，所以如果需要在页面加载时就调用相关接口，则须把相关接口放在ready函数中调用来确保正确执行。对于用户触发时才调用的接口，则可以直接调用，不需要放在ready函数中。});本文的调用实例是：
<script type="text/javascript" >
wx.ready(function () {
wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({
title: '<%=shareTitle %>',
desc: '<%=shareContent %>',
link: '<%=currentUrl %>',
imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>'
});
wx.onMenuShareTimeline({
title: '<%=shareContent %>',
link: '<%=currentUrl %>',
imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>'
});
})
</script><script type="text/javascript" >
wx.ready(function () {
wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({
title: '<%=shareTitle %>',
desc: '<%=shareContent %>',
link: '<%=currentUrl %>',
imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>'
});
wx.onMenuShareTimeline({
title: '<%=shareContent %>',
link: '<%=currentUrl %>',
imgUrl: '<%=shareImageUrl %>'
});
})
</script>本文基本上总结到此处。
易出现的问题：
1、检查后台是否设置：右上角公众号名称--功能设置--JS接口安全域名
2、检查代码里的appid和公众号后台的id是否一致
3、图片的调用地址是绝对路径（相对路径好像不行）。
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