docker不同容器如何访问

docker中不同容器间的访问方法：

虚拟ip访问

安装docker时，docker会默认创建一个内部的桥接网络docker0，每创建一个容器分配一个虚拟网卡，容器之间可以根据ip互相访问。

[root@33fcf82ab4dd /]# [root@CentOS ~]# ifconfig
......
docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::42:35ff:feac:66d8  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 02:42:35:ac:66:d8  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 4018  bytes 266467 (260.2 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4226  bytes 33935667 (32.3 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
......

运行一个centos镜像， 查看ip地址得到：172.17.0.7

[root@CentOS ~]# docker run -it --name centos-1 docker.io/centos:latest
[root@6d214ff8d70a /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.7  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:7  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:07  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 16  bytes 1296 (1.2 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 8  bytes 648 (648.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

以同样的命令再起一个容器，查看ip地址得到：172.17.0.8

[root@CentOS ~]# docker run -it --name centos-2 docker.io/centos:latest
[root@33fcf82ab4dd /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.8  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:8  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:08  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 8  bytes 648 (648.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 8  bytes 648 (648.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

容器内部ping测试结果如下：

[root@33fcf82ab4dd /]# ping 172.17.0.7
PING 172.17.0.7 (172.17.0.7) 56(84) bytes of data.
bytes from 172.17.0.7: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.205 ms
bytes from 172.17.0.7: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.119 ms
bytes from 172.17.0.7: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.118 ms
bytes from 172.17.0.7: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.101 ms

创建bridge网络

1、安装好docker后，运行如下命令创建bridge网络：docker network create testnet

查询到新创建的bridge testnet。

2、运行容器连接到testnet网络。

使用方法：docker run -it --name <容器名> ---network --network-alias <网络别名> <镜像名>

[root@CentOS ~]# docker run -it --name centos-1 --network testnet --network-alias centos-1 docker.io/centos:latest
[root@CentOS ~]# docker run -it --name centos-2 --network testnet --network-alias centos-2 docker.io/centos:latest

3、从一个容器ping另外一个容器，测试结果如下：

[root@fafe2622f2af /]# ping centos-1
PING centos-1 (172.20.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
bytes from centos-1.testnet (172.20.0.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.158 ms
bytes from centos-1.testnet (172.20.0.2): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.108 ms
bytes from centos-1.testnet (172.20.0.2): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.112 ms
bytes from centos-1.testnet (172.20.0.2): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.113 ms

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