Java多态的实现机制是什么
Java中实现多态的机制是依靠父类或接口的引用指向子类,从而实现一个对象多种形态的特性,其父类的引用是在运行时动态的指向具体的实例,调用该引用的方法时,不是根据引用变量的类型中定义的方法来运行,而是根据具体的实例的方法。
简单的示例
Person.java
import java.util.Scanner; public class Person { public int salary; public int allSalary(){ return 0; } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p = null; for (int n = 0; n < 3; n++) { @SuppressWarnings("resource") Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("请输入一个1-3的数字:\n1 is Teacher\n2 is Scientis\n3 is Waiter"); int i = sc.nextInt(); //分别指向了不同的子类,输出的结果是不一样的 if (i == 1) { p = new Teacher(5000); System.out.println(p.allSalary()); } else if (i == 2) { p = new Scientist(5000); System.out.println(p.allSalary()); } else if (i == 3) { p = new Waiter(5000); System.out.println(p.allSalary()); } else { System.out.println("?\n请输入1-3"); } } } }
Scientist .java
public class Scientist extends Person{ public Scientist(int salary){ this.salary = salary; } public int allSalary(){ int aa = salary*12+36500; System.out.print("五五开一年的工资:"); return aa; } }
Waiter.java
public class Waiter extends Person{ public Waiter(int salary){ this.salary = salary; } public int allSalary(){ int aa = salary*12; System.out.print("服务员一年的工资:"); return aa; } }
Teacher .java
public class Teacher extends Person{ public Teacher(int salary){ this.salary = salary; } public int allSalary(){ int aa = salary*12+3650; System.out.print("教师一年的工资:"); return aa; } }
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