初始化mysql数据库失败的解决办法：首先找到并打开my.ini文件；然后注释掉my.ini文件中的datadir；最后根据提示把UTF8换成UTF8MB4即可。
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安装MySQL8，安装时初始化数据库失败
大概过程
下载解压到你想要安装的目录例如我这次是直接在C盘下。C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64
配置环境变量，把C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin加到PATH环境变量里后边即可注意“;”号
在C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64这个目录下新建my.ini文件。
编写my.ini文件内容，内容容易出错
初始化数据库，【我就是卡到这里了】初始化成功的话或有MySQL的默认密码
安装数据库
启动登录数据库【第一次使用5中的默认密码登录】
修改密码
在网上查询到一些教程作为参考，有一个解决办法是在一条评论里看到的，找不到原博客了，解决办法如下图，是把datadir那一行给注释掉。
主要遇到的问题是，在my.ini文件的编写上，可能会有格式、内容上的错误，在格式上要注意“\”"\""/"都要试试，还有**“C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64”** 是否加双引号也试下。以下是我的my.ini文件，大体内容与参考博客相同，标出位置是我报错之后修改的一些地方。
数据库初始化时命令行出现的报错如下：
C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize --console 2019-08-24T13:33:22.622321Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.17) initializing of server in progress as process 8404 2019-08-24T13:33:22.624188Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013243] [Server] --character-set-server: The character set UTF8MB3 is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 instead. 2019-08-24T13:33:22.625619Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting. 2019-08-24T13:33:22.625635Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] The designated data directory C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\data\ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it. 2019-08-24T13:33:22.643590Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting 2019-08-24T13:33:22.643744Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.17) MySQL Community Server - GPL.
问题应该就是data文件夹的问题，那时在C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64目录下根本就没有新生成的data文件夹，注释掉my.ini文件中datadir那一行error就没了，data文件夹也出现了，如下图：
warring的解决办法就根据其提示把UTF8换成UTF8MB4就行。改动地方均在上图标注了出来。
2019-08-24T13:33:22.624188Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013243] [Server] --character-set-server: The character set UTF8 is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 instead.
最后初始化成功，如图：
总流程
C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin>mysqld --initialize --console 2019-08-24T13:37:11.590803Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.17) initializing of server in progress as process 2484 2019-08-24T13:37:15.862830Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 37swG%65Qjf1 2019-08-24T13:37:17.783854Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.17) initializing of server has completed C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin>mysqld --install The service already exists! The current server installed: C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe MySQL C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin>net start mysql MySQL 服务正在启动 . MySQL 服务已经启动成功。 C:\mysql-8.0.17-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -p Enter password: ************ Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.17 Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '111111'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql>
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