有5个必须的部分：1、DOCTYPE声明，用于告诉浏览器编写页面所用的标记的版本；2、html根元素，包含文档的元数据，向浏览器提供有关文档内容和标记的信息；3、head头部，主要包含编码声明、标题、样式表嵌入等；4、title部分，用于定义文档的标题；5、body内容部分，包含文档的所有内容。
本教程操作环境：windows7系统、HTML5版、Dell G3电脑。
HTML文档就是对一个文档的描述，都有一个固定的结构，分为许多个部分，每个部分都包含了一个或者多个元素。有些元素用于描述文档的基本信息，有些则描述文档结构，下面就是一个基本的HTML文档的结构：、
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Your page title</title>
</head>
<body>
.....
</body>
</html>
登录后复制
该HTML文档描述了一个空白页，这些基础成分确定了HTML文档的轮廓以及浏览器的初始环境。
可以看出一份标准的html文档有哪5个必须的部分.
声明部分：DOCTYPE声明
DOCTYPE 是 document type(文档类型)的简写。
doctype 声明不属于 HTML 标签；而是一个文档类型标记，它是一条指令，告诉浏览器编写页面所用的标记的版本。
doctype 声明是一种标准通用标记语言的文档类型声明，在 web 设计中用来说明你用的 XHTML 或者 HTML 是什么版本。
该元素告诉浏览器两件事情：
在所有 HTML 文档中规定 doctype 是非常重要的，这样浏览器就能了解预期的文档类型。
说明：
总体分析：所有内容
html元素是根元素，它告知浏览器其自身是一个HTML文档。
标签是 HTML 文档中最外层的元素。
标签是所有其他 HTML 元素（除了 标签）的容器。
根元素的作用就是告诉浏览器，在 和 之间的内容是HTML类型，浏览器便按HTML进行解析其中的内容。
html 元素有3个属性，分别是 lang属性、xmlns属性和 manifest 属性：
lang属性指定页面内容所使用的默认语言。指定文档所使用的语言，有助于语言合成工具选择发音语言，或者翻译工具选择翻译规则。如，，表示本文档使用中文。
xmlns属性指派XML的命名空间。xmlns 属性在 XHTML 中是必需的，但在 HTML中不是。
manifest属性给出离线缓存文件的URL。HTML5 引入了应用程序缓存，这意味着 web 应用可被缓存，并可进行离线访问。如，，表示离线缓存文件为waibo.manifest。
头部：
head元素包含文档的元数据，向浏览器提供有关文档内容和标记的信息，还可以包含脚本和对外部资源（比如CSS样式表）的引用。
HTML文档的各种属性和信息就是在
元素中定义的。
文档标题：标题
元素是用于定义文档的标题；适用于所有HTML 或者 XHTML文档。</p><p><title>元素的作用：</p><p>1、可以在浏览器选项卡中定义标题。</p><p>2、可以在添加到收藏夹时为页面提供标题。</p><p>3、可以在搜索引擎结果中显示页面的标题。</p><p>例：</p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'><!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>php中文网</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>正文的内容显示在浏览器窗口中。</p>
<p>title元素的内容显示在浏览器标签，收藏夹和搜索引擎结果中。</p>
</body>
</html></pre><div class="contentsignin">登录后复制</div></div><p><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="https://img.php.cn/upload/article/000/000/024/5c18b92ec6088231.jpg" class="lazy" alt="一份标准的html文档有哪几个必须的部分" ></p>
<p><strong>内容：<body></body></strong><br></p>
<p>文档body部分包含访问者可以看到的内容。</p>
<p>在有了这个基本的结构后，我们后面就可以将HTML的其它元素逐步添加进去，不断的丰富文档，最终得到我们希望的页面。</p>
<p>说明：</p>
<p>在 HTML 5 中，删除了所有 <body> 的特殊属性。但<body> 标签支持 HTML 5 中的标准属性：</p>
<table class="dataintable"><tbody>
<tr class="firstRow">
<th style="width:25%;">属性</th>
<th>值</th>
<th>描述</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>accesskey</td>
<td><em>character</em></td>
<td>规定访问元素的键盘快捷键</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>class</td>
<td><em>classname</em></td>
<td>规定元素的类名（用于规定样式表中的类）。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>contenteditable</td>
<td><ul>
<li>true</li>
<li>false</li>
</ul></td>
<td>规定是否允许用户编辑内容。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>contextmenu</td>
<td><em>menu_id</em></td>
<td>规定元素的上下文菜单。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>data-yourvalue</td>
<td><em>value</em></td>
<td>
<p>创作者定义的属性。</p>
<p>HTML 文档的创作者可以定义他们自己的属性。</p>
<p>必须以 "data-" 开头。</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dir</td>
<td><ul>
<li>ltr</li>
<li>rtl</li>
</ul></td>
<td>规定元素中内容的文本方向。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>draggable</td>
<td><ul>
<li>true</li>
<li>false</li>
<li>auto</li>
</ul></td>
<td>规定是否允许用户拖动元素。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hidden</td>
<td>hidden</td>
<td>规定该元素是无关的。被隐藏的元素不会显示。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>id</td>
<td><em>id</em></td>
<td>规定元素的唯一 ID。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>item</td>
<td><ul>
<li><em>empty</em></li>
<li><em>url</em></li>
</ul></td>
<td>用于组合元素。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>itemprop</td>
<td><ul>
<li><em>url</em></li>
<li><em>group value</em></li>
</ul></td>
<td>用于组合项目。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>lang</td>
<td><em>language_code</em></td>
<td style="word-break: break-all;">规定元素中内容的语言代码。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>spellcheck</td>
<td><ul>
<li>true</li>
<li>false</li>
</ul></td>
<td>规定是否必须对元素进行拼写或语法检查。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>style</td>
<td><em>style_definition</em></td>
<td>规定元素的行内样式。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>subject</td>
<td><em>id</em></td>
<td>规定元素对应的项目。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tabindex</td>
<td><em>number</em></td>
<td>规定元素的 tab 键控制次序。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>title</td>
<td><em>text</em></td>
<td>规定有关元素的额外信息。</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>相关推荐：《<a href="http://www.php.cn/course/list/11.html" target="_blank" textvalue="html视频教程">html视频教程</a>》</p><p>以上是一份标准的html文档有哪几个必须的部分的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章！</p>
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