react怎么实现弹出模态框

react实现弹出模态框的方法：1、用createPortal把元素直接渲染到“document.body”下；2、通过“modelShow”和“modelShowAync”来控制弹窗的显示隐藏；3、用一个控制器controlShow来流畅执行更新任务即可。

本教程操作环境：Windows10系统、react18.0.0版、Dell G3电脑。

react怎么实现弹出模态框?

react实现Modal弹窗

一、Dialog.js文件

import React, {useMemo, useEffect, useState} from 'react'
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom'
/**
 *
 * 需要把元素渲染到组件之外，用 createPortal 把元素直接渲染到 document.body 下，为了防止函数组件每一次执行都触发 createPortal， 所以通过 useMemo 做性能优化。
 因为需要渐变的动画效果，所以需要两个变量 modelShow / modelShowAync 来控制显示/隐藏，modelShow 让元素显示/隐藏，modelShowAync 控制动画执行。
 当弹窗要显示的时候，要先设置 modelShow 让组件显示，然后用 setTimeout 调度让 modelShowAync 触发执行动画。
 当弹窗要隐藏的时候，需要先让动画执行，所以先控制 modelShowAync ，然后通过控制 modelShow 元素隐藏，和上述流程相反。
 用一个控制器 controlShow 来流畅执行更新任务。
 */
// 控制弹窗隐藏以及动画效果
const controlShow = (f1, f2, value, timer) => {
    f1(value)
    return setTimeout(() => {
        f2(value)
    }, timer)
}
export const Dialog = (props) => {
    const {width, visible, closeCb, onClose} = props
    // 控制 modelShow动画效果
    const [modelShow, setModelShow] = useState(visible)
    const [modelShowAsync, setModelShowAsync] = useState(visible)
    const renderChildren = useMemo(() => {
        // 把元素渲染到组件之外的document.body 上
        return ReactDOM.createPortal(<div style={{display: modelShow ? &#39;block&#39; : &#39;none&#39;}}>
            <div className="model_container" style={{opacity: modelShowAsync ? 1 : 0}}>
                <div className="model_wrap">
                    <div style={{width: width + &#39;px&#39;}}> {props.children} </div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div className="model_container mast" onClick={() => onClose && onClose()}
                 style={{opacity: modelShowAsync ? 0.6 : 0}}/>
        </div>, document.body)
    }, [modelShow, modelShowAsync])
    useEffect(() => {
        let timer
        if (visible) {
            // 打开弹窗，
            timer = controlShow(setModelShow, setModelShowAsync, visible, 30)
        } else {
            timer = controlShow(setModelShowAsync,setModelShow,visible,1000)
        }
        return () => {
            timer && clearTimeout(timer)
        }
    }, [visible])
    return renderChildren
}

二、Modal.js

import {Dialog} from "./Dialog";
import React, {useEffect, useState} from 'react'
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom'
import './style.scss'
class Modal extends React.PureComponent {
    // 渲染底部按钮
    renderFooter = () => {
        const {onOk, onCancel, cancelText, okText, footer} = this.props
        //    触发onOk / onCancel回调
        if (footer && React.isValidElement(footer)) return footer
        return <div className="model_bottom">
            <div className="model_btn_box">
                <button className="searchbtn"
                        onClick={(e) => {
                            onOk && onOk(e)
                        }}>{okText || &#39;确定&#39;}
                </button>
                <button className="concellbtn"
                        onClick={(e) => {
                            onCancel && onCancel(e)
                        }}>{cancelText || &#39;取消&#39;}
                </button>
            </div>
        </div>
    }
    // 渲染底部
    renderTop = () => {
        const {title, onClose} = this.props
        return <div className="model_top">
            <p>{title}</p>
            <span className="model_top_close" onClick={() => onClose && onClose()}>X</span>
        </div>
    }
    // 渲染弹窗内容
    renderContent = () => {
        const {content, children} = this.props
        return React.isValidElement(content) ? content : children ? children : null
    }
    render() {
        const {visible, width = 500, closeCb, onClose} = this.props
        return <Dialog
            closeCb={closeCb}
            onClose={onClose}
            visible={visible}
            width={width}
        >
            {this.renderTop()}
            {this.renderContent()}
            {this.renderFooter()}
        </Dialog>
    }
}
// 静态方法
let ModalContainer = null
const modelSymbol = Symbol(&#39;$$_model_Container_hidden&#39;)
// 静态属性show——控制
Modal.show = (config) => {
    //  如果modal已经存在，name就不需要第二次show
    if (ModalContainer) return
    const props = {...config, visible: true}
    const container = ModalContainer = document.createElement(&#39;div&#39;)
    // 创建一个管理者，管理model状态
    const manager = container[modelSymbol] = {
        setShow: null,
        mounted: false,
        hidden() {
            const {setShow} = manager
            setShow && setShow(false)
        },
        destroy() {
            //    卸载组件
            ReactDOM.unmountComponentAtNode(container)
            // 移除节点
            document.body.removeChild(container)
            // 置空元素
            ModalContainer = null
        }
    }
    const ModelApp = (props) => {
        const [show, setShow] = useState(false)
        manager.setShow = setShow
        const {visible, ...trueProps} = props
        useEffect(() => {
            // 加载完成，设置状态
            manager.mounted = true
            setShow(visible)
        }, [])
        return <Modal {...trueProps} closeCb={() => manager.mounted && manager.destroy()} visible={show}/>
    }
    // 插入到body中
    document.appendChild(container)
    // 渲染React元素
    ReactDOM.render(<ModelApp/>, container)
    return manager
}
Modal.hidden = () => {
    if(!ModalContainer) return
    // 如果存在ModalContainer 那么隐藏ModalContainer
    ModalContainer[modelSymbol] && ModalContainer[modelSymbol].hidden()
}
export default Modal

三、style.scss样式文件

$bg-linear-gradien-red-light : linear-gradient(135deg, #fc4838 0%, #f6346b  100%);
$bg-linear-gradien-red-dark : linear-gradient(135deg, #fc4838 0%, #f6346b  100%);
.constrol{
  padding: 30px;
  width: 500px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  height: 200px;
}
.feel{
  padding: 24px;
}
.model_top{
  height: 40px;
  border-radius: 5px  5px 0 0 ;
  position: relative;
  p{
    height: 40px;
    font-weight: bold;
    line-height: 40px;
    padding-left: 14px;
  }
  background-color: #eee;
  .model_top_close{
    position: absolute;
    font-size: 16px;
    cursor: pointer;
    right: 24px;
    top: 8px;
  }
}
.model_bottom{
  height: 50px;
  padding-top: 10px;
  .model_btn_box{
    display: inline-block;
    margin-left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
  }
}
.model_container{
  .model_wrap{
    position: absolute;
    border-radius:5px ;
    background: #fff;
    left:50%;
    top:50%;
    transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
  }
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 10000;
  left:0;
  top:0;
  transition: opacity 0.3s;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
}
.mast{
  background-color: #000;
  z-index: 9999;
}
.searchbtn{
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fc4838 0%, #f6346b  100%);
  color: #fff;
  min-width: 96px;
  height :36px;
  border :none;
  border-radius: 18px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  margin-left: 20px !important;
}
.searchbtn:focus{
  background: $bg-linear-gradien-red-dark;
  color: #fff;
  min-width: 96px;
  height: 36px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 18px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  margin-left: 20px !important;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 7px 0 #FAA79B;
}
.searchbtn:hover{
  background :$bg-linear-gradien-red-light;
  color :#fff;
  min-width: 96px;
  height :36px;
  margin-left: 20px !important;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 18px;
  font-size :14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 7px 0 #FAA79B;
}
.searchbtn:disabled{
  background: #c0c6c6;
  color :#fff;
  min-width: 96px;
  height :36px;
  font-size :14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 18px;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}
.concellbtn{
  background :#fff;
  color :#303133;
  width: 96px;
  height: 36px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  border :1px solid #E4E7ED;
  border-radius: 18px;
  cursor: pointer;
  // margin-right: 10px;
  margin-left: 10px;
}
.concellbtn:hover{
  background :rgba(220, 223, 230, 0.1);
  color: #303133;
  width :96px;
  height: 36px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  border :1px solid #E4E7ED;
  border-radius: 18px;
  cursor: pointer;
  // margin-right: 10px;
  margin-left: 10px;
}
.concellbtn:focus{
  background :rgba(220, 223, 230, 0.24);
  color: #303133;
  width :96px;
  height: 36px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  border: 1px solid #C0C4CC;
  border-radius: 18px;
  cursor: pointer;
  margin-right: 10px;
  margin-left: 10px;
}

四、调用例子

import React, {useState, useMemo} from 'react'
import Modal from './customPopup/Modal'
/* 挂载方式调用modal */
export default function App() {
    const [ visible , setVisible ] = useState(false)
    const [ nameShow , setNameShow ] = useState(false)
    const handleClick = () => {
        setVisible(!visible)
        setNameShow(!nameShow)
    }
    /* 防止 Model 的 PureComponent 失去作用 */
    const [ handleClose ,handleOk, handleCancel ] = useMemo(()=>{
        const Ok = () =>  console.log('点击确定按钮')
        const Close = () => setVisible(false)
        const Cancel = () => console.log('点击取消按钮')
        return [Close , Ok , Cancel]
    },[])
    return <div>
        <Modal
            onCancel={handleCancel}
            onClose={handleClose}
            onOk={handleOk}
            title={&#39;标题&#39;}
            visible={visible}
            width={700}
        >
            <div className="feel" >
              内容。。。。。。。
            </div>
        </Modal>
        <button onClick={() => {
            setVisible(!visible)
            setNameShow(false)
        }}
        > model show </button>
        <button onClick={handleClick} > model show ( 显示作者 ) </button>
    </div>
}

实现效果

推荐学习：《react视频教程》

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