CentOS7安装MySQL5.6遇到的问题有哪些

在一测试服务器（centos linux release 7.2.1511）上安装mysql 5.6（5.6.19 mysql community server）时遇到下面错误，这个是因为centos 7的默认数据库已经不再是mysql了，而是mariadb. mysql安装时的mysql lib库与mariadb的库、包冲突了，如下详情所示（省略了大量日志）

[root@azrlnx06 tmp]# rpm -ivh mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm 
preparing... ################################# [100%]
file /usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
........................................................................................................................................................................
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml from install of mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64

检查是否存在mariadb的相关组件,然后删除mariadb相关组件。如下所示：

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# more /etc/redhat-release 
centos linux release 7.2.1511 (core) 
[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64
error: failed dependencies:
libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 --nodeps

当然此处删除mariadb-libs-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64组件时遇到依赖错误，遂强制删除该组件，最好使用yum删除mariadb相关组件。然后重新安装mysql时遇到"error: mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64: install failed"错误，如下所示：

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# cd /tmp
[root@azrlnx06 tmp]# ls
hsperfdata_azrlnx06 jirasetup mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
[root@azrlnx06 tmp]# rpm -ivh mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm 
preparing... ################################# [100%]
updating / installing...
1:mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rh################################# [100%]
error: unpacking of archive failed on file /usr/bin/innochecksum;582535c8: cpio: read failed - no such file or directory
error: mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64: install failed
[root@azrlnx06 tmp]# 
clip_image001

对这个错误有点莫名其妙，卸载mysql相关组件后，重新安装mysql，发现缺少perl相关模组。如下所示：

[root@azrlnx06 jirasetup]# rpm -ivh mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm 
preparing... ################################# [100%]
updating / installing...
1:mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rh################################# [100%]
fatal error: please install the following perl modules before executing /usr/bin/mysql_install_db:
data::dumper
[root@azrlnx06 jirasetup]#

使用yum安装了 perl perl-devel相关包（注意：此处安装mysql时，没有输出安装相关detail的信息，是因为perl相关模组没有安装的缘故，此处还漏掉了安装perl-data-dumper）

[root@azrlnx06 jirasetup]# yum install -y perl perl-devel

安装完perl相关组件后，重新安装mysql，如下所示，安装成功，但是没有输出安装相关detail的信息（因为没有安装perl-data-dumper），启动mysql报错

root@azrlnx06 jirasetup]# rpm -ivh mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm 
preparing... ################################# [100%]
updating / installing...
1:mysql-server-advanced-5.6.20-1.rh################################# [100%]
[root@azrlnx06 jirasetup]# rpm -ivh mysql-client-advanced-5.6.20-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm 
preparing... ################################# [100%]
updating / installing...
1:mysql-client-advanced-5.6.20-1.rh################################# [100%]
[root@azrlnx06 ~]# service mysql start
starting mysql............. error! the server quit without updating pid file (/var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.pid).
[root@azrlnx06 ~]#

找到mysql的错误日志，然后检查/var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.err错误日志，发现如下错误信息：

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# find / -name *.err
/var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.err
/var/log/azure/microsoft.ostcextensions.linuxdiagnostic/2.3.9011/mdsd.err
/var/log/azure/microsoft.ostcextensions.linuxdiagnostic/2.3.9013/mdsd.err
/var/log/mdsd/mdsd.err
[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# more /var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.err
161111 03:28:25 mysqld_safe starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
2016-11-11 03:28:25 0 [warning] timestamp with implicit default value is deprecated. please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] plugin 'federated' is disabled.
/usr/sbin/mysqld: table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [error] can't open the mysql.plugin table. please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: the innodb memory heap is disabled
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: mutexes and rw_locks use gcc atomic builtins
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: memory barrier is not used
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: using linux native aio
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: using cpu crc32 instructions
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0m
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: completed initialization of buffer pool
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: the first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 mb
2016-11-11 03:28:25 2144 [note] innodb: database physically writes the file full: wait...
2016-11-11 03:28:26 2144 [note] innodb: setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 mb
2016-11-11 03:28:31 2144 [note] innodb: setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 mb
2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [note] innodb: renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [warning] innodb: new log files created, lsn=45781
2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [note] innodb: doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [note] innodb: doublewrite buffer created
2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [note] innodb: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [warning] innodb: creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [note] innodb: foreign key constraint system tables created
2016-11-11 03:28:37 2144 [note] innodb: creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [note] innodb: tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [note] innodb: waiting for purge to start
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [note] innodb: 5.6.20 started; log sequence number 0
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [warning] no existing uuid has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. generating a new uuid: ef3b0cd5-a7be-11e6-98b3-000d3a8062fe.
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [note] rsa private key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//private_key.pem. some authentication plugins will not work.
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [note] rsa public key file not found: /var/lib/mysql//public_key.pem. some authentication plugins will not work.
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [note] server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [note] ipv6 is available.
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [note] - '::' resolves to '::';
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [note] server socket created on ip: '::'.
2016-11-11 03:28:38 2144 [error] fatal error: can't open and lock privilege tables: table 'mysql.user' doesn't exist
161111 03:28:38 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/lib/mysql/azrlnx06.pid ended
clip_image002

搜索了一些相关资料，应该是perl-data-dumper模组没有安装，导致安装过程中，初始化数据库失败，所以启动mysql服务时，找不到相关系统表。具体参考官方文档mysql-server rpm does not install perl-data-dumper as a dependency

description:

mysql-server requires perl-data-dumper to function. however, perl-data-dumper is not listed by the mysql-server rpm as a dependency. so if a linux server does not have perl-data-dumper installed, the install-mysql-db will fail. and because of missing the initial database, the mysql service could not be started.

how to repeat:

on a linux server, make sure there is no perl-data-dumper installed. install mysql-server using yum. there should be error message complaining database could not be created.

suggested fix:

add perl-data-dumper as a dependency of the rpm package

解决方法：

1：安装perl-data-dumper模组。

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# yum install -y perl-data-dumper

2：初始化数据库

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# sudo mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/ --ldata=/var/lib/mysql/
clip_image003

[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# service mysql start
starting mysql. success! 
[root@azrlnx06 mysql]# /usr//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'qwe!23'
warning: using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

当然也可以卸载mysql，然后重新安装，就能看到安装过程输出的detail信息输出了。

以上是CentOS7安装MySQL5.6遇到的问题有哪些的详细内容。更多信息请关注PHP中文网其他相关文章！