android studio如何实现上传图片到java服务器

1.build.gradle配置（增加）

dependencies{
     implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.9.0'
     implementation 'org.conscrypt:conscrypt-android:2.5.1'
        }

2.AndroidManifest.xml配置权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

在application里面添加android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"

3.安卓前端部分

3.1xml样式界面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn"
        android:layout_width="150dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:text="上传"/>

</LinearLayout>

3.2安卓后台代码MainActivity

package com.example.upload;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;


import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import okhttp3.MediaType;
import okhttp3.MultipartBody;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.RequestBody;
import okhttp3.Response;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Button btn;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        btn = findViewById(R.id.btn);
        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                String result = "{\"data\": \"0\"}";
                new Thread(new Runnable(){
                    @Override
                    public void run() {

                        String img = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/1/123456789.png";
                        String url = "http://192.168.0.103:8019/uploadAudio";
                        try {
                            uploadImage(url,img);
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            Looper.prepare();
                            e.printStackTrace();
                            Looper.loop();
                        } catch (JSONException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                        //创建信息对象
                        Message message = Message.obtain();
                        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                        bundle.putString("data",result);
                        message.setData(bundle);//向主线程发信息
                        addTrackHandler.sendMessage(message);
                    }
                }).start();

            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 上传图片
     * @param url
     * @param imagePath 图片路径
     * @return 新图片的路径
     * @throws IOException
     * @throws JSONException
     */
    public static String uploadImage(String url, String imagePath) throws IOException, JSONException {
        OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();
        File file = new File(imagePath);
        RequestBody image = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/png"), file);
        RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
                .setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
                .addFormDataPart("file", imagePath, image)
                .build();
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .url(url)
                .post(requestBody)
                .build();
        Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(response.body().string());
        return jsonObject.optString("image");
    }

    Handler addTrackHandler = new Handler(new Handler.Callback() {
        @Override
        public boolean handleMessage(Message message) {
            String result = "";
            try {
                result = message.getData().getString("data");
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "新增成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }catch (Exception e){

            }
            //Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "调用成功"+result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();//测试弹框
            return true;
        }
    });

}

4.spring boot后台接受图片并写入本地路径

@RequestMapping("/uploadAudio")
    @ResponseBody
    public void uploadAudio(@RequestParam MultipartFile file) {
  System.out.println(file.getOriginalFilename());
        if (!file.isEmpty()) {
            String filename = file.getOriginalFilename();
            System.out.println("Load fn:" + filename);
            try {
                String fileurl = "d:/Download/testt.png";
                File f = new File(fileurl);
                BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(f));
                if (!f.exists()) {
                    try {
                        f.createNewFile();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                out.write(file.getBytes());
                out.flush();
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }else {
            System.out.println("上传失败，因为文件是空的.");
        }
    }

注：如果上传图片提示没有权限，则长按apk图标，打开读取本地文件的权限即可

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