将由链表表示的两个数字相加

这里我们将看到如何将存储在单独链表中的两个数字相加。在链表中，存储了数字的每一位数字。如果数字是 512，那么它将像下面一样存储 -

512 = (5)-->(1)-->(2)-->NULL

我们提供了两个这种类型的列表，我们的任务是将它们相加并在计算总和后得到结果。这里我们使用C++ STL链表。让我们看看算法来下注更好的想法。

算法

addListNumbers(l1, l2)

Begin
   Adjust the l1 and l2 lengths by adding leading 0s with the smaller one
   carry := 0
   res := an empty list
   for each node n from l1, scan from last to first, do
      item := (l1.item + l2.item + carry) mod 10
      insert item at the beginning of res
      carry := (l1.item + l2.item + carry) / 10
   done
   if carry is not 0, then
      add carry at the beginning of res
   end if
   return res
End

示例

#include<iostream>
#include<list>
using namespace std;
list addListNumbers(list<int> l1, list<int> l2){
   //add leading 0s to the shortest number to make them equal length
   if(l1.size() > l2.size()){
      for(int i = l2.size(); i != l1.size(); i++){
         l2.push_front(0);
      }
   }else if(l1.size() < l2.size()){
      for(int i = l1.size(); i != l2.size(); i++){
         l1.push_front(0);
      }
   }
   list<int>::reverse_iterator it1 = l1.rbegin();
   list<int>::reverse_iterator it2 = l2.rbegin();
   list<int> result;
   int carry = 0;
   while(it1 != l1.rend()){
      result.push_front((*it1 + *it2 + carry) % 10);
      carry = (*it1 + *it2 + carry) / 10;
      it1++; it2++;
   }
   if(carry != 0){
      result.push_front(carry);
   }
   return result;
}
list<int> numToList(int n){
   list<int> numList;
   while(n != 0){
      numList.push_front(n % 10);
      n /= 10;
   }
   return numList;
}
void displayListNum(list<int> numList){
   for(list<int>::iterator it = numList.begin(); it != numList.end();
   it++){
      cout<<*it;
   }
   cout << endl;
}
int main() {
   int n1 = 512;
   int n2 = 14578;
   list<int> n1_list = numToList(n1);
   list<int> n2_list = numToList(n2);
   list<int> res = addListNumbers(n1_list, n2_list);
   cout << "First number: "; displayListNum(n1_list);
   cout << "Second number: "; displayListNum(n2_list);
   cout << "Result: "; displayListNum(res);
}

输出

First number: 512
Second number: 14578
Result: 15090

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