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把步骤写下来，至于会出现的什么问题，以后随时更新。这里我同步的php?name=%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93">数据库是TEST
1、环境描述。
主机：192.168.0.167（A）
主机：192.168.0.251（B）
MYSQL 版本为5.1.11
2、授权用户。
A：
mysql> grant replication slave,file on *.* to backup_251@192.168.0.251 identified
by 123456;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
B：
mysql> grant replication slave,file on *.* to backup_167@192.168.0.167 identified
by 123456;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
然后都停止MYSQL 服务器。
3、配置文件。
在两个机器上的my.cnf里面都开启二进制日志 。
A：
user = mysql
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id = 1
binlog-do-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-do-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
log-slave-updates
slave-skip-errors=all
sync_binlog=1
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1
B：
user = mysql
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id = 2
binlog-do-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-do-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
log-slave-updates
slave-skip-errors=all
sync_binlog=1
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=2
至于这些参数的说明具体看手册。
红色的部分非常重要，如果一个MASTER 挂掉的话，另外一个马上接管。
紫红色的部分指的是服务器频繁的刷新日志。这个保证了在其中一台挂掉的话，日志刷新到另外一台。从而保证了数据的同步 。
4、重新启动MYSQL服务器。
在A和B上执行相同的步骤
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
[1] 4264
[root@localhost ~]# 071213 14:53:20 mysqld_safe Logging to /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err.
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 366: [: -eq: unary operator expected
071213 14:53:20 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
5、进入MYSQL的SHELL。
A：
mysql> flush tables with read lockG
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000007
Position: 528
Binlog_Do_DB: test
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
B：
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000004
Position: 595
Binlog_Do_DB: test
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
然后备份自己的数据，保持两个机器的数据一致。
方法很多。完了后看下一步。
6、在各自机器上执行CHANGE MASTER TO命令。
A：
mysql> change master to
-> master_host=192.168.0.251,
-> master_user=backup_251,
-> master_password=123456,
-> master_log_file=mysql-bin.000004,
-> master_log_pos=595;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
B：
mysql> change master to
-> master_host=192.168.0.167,
-> master_user=backup_167,
-> master_password=123456,
-> master_log_file=mysql-bin.000007,
-> master_log_pos=528;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
7、查看各自机器上的IO进程和 SLAVE进程是否都开启。
A：
mysql> show processlistG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Id: 2
User: repl
Host: 192.168.0.251:54475
db: NULL
Command: Binlog Dump
Time: 1590
State: Has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated
Info: NULL
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Id: 3
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time: 1350
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
*************************** 3. row ***************************
Id: 4
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time: 1149
State: Has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Info: NULL
*************************** 4. row ***************************
Id: 5
User: root
Host: localhost
db: test
Command: Query
Time: 0
State: NULL
Info: show processlist
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
B：
mysql> show processlistG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Id: 1
User: system user
Host:
db: NULL
Command: Connect
Time: 2130
State: Waiting for master to send event
Info: NULL
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Id: 2
User: system user
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