redis现在网站开发中经常用到 key-value存储系统 数据类型更加丰富 能做主从,集群 在redis3.0以前要做集群需要采用proxy的方法 在3.0(不过现在还在rc版本)自身提供了cluster的方法 这里没有用常用的一致性hash的方法,而是引入了新的概念叫hashslot(哈希
redis现在网站开发中经常用到
第一步: 安装redis3.0,安装这里就不说了 第二步: 要做redis集群,至少需要3个Master的服务器, 我先测试的是具有子节点的,那个就需要6个服务器,3个主服务器,3个从服务器 我们来按照端口的不同来进行划分,6379、6380、6381、6382、6383、6384 创建这样6个目录,每个目录里有这样两个文件:redis-server、redis.conf redis-server是从redis的安装目录中的src里copy过来就好 redis.conf内容如下; #======================================# port 6379 #不同目录,这里端口对应不同 cluster-enabled yes #开启集群功能 cluster-config-file nodes.conf #节点配置文件,这个文件是服务启动时自己配置创建的 cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes #======================================# 那么6个服务器都配置好后则启动他们,方法如下:./redis-server ./redis.conf 启动好以后查看一下是否都已经成功运行了 ps aux|grep redis 第三步: 创建集群 ./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.1.25:6379 192.168.1.25:6380 192.168.1.25:6381 192.168.1.25:6382 192.168.1.25:6383 192.168.1.25:6384 这里的--replicas 1 表示每个主节点下有一个从节点 操作结果如下 >>> Creating cluster Connecting to node 192.168.1.25:6379: OK Connecting to node 192.168.1.25:6380: OK Connecting to node 192.168.1.25:6381: OK Connecting to node 192.168.1.25:6382: OK Connecting to node 192.168.1.25:6383: OK Connecting to node 192.168.1.25:6384: OK >>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes... Using 3 masters: 192.168.1.25:6379 192.168.1.25:6380 192.168.1.25:6381 Adding replica 192.168.1.25:6382 to 192.168.1.25:6379 Adding replica 192.168.1.25:6383 to 192.168.1.25:6380 Adding replica 192.168.1.25:6384 to 192.168.1.25:6381 说明了将前3个服作了主节点,后3个服务作为了从节点,并且是相对应的 ./redis-trib.rb是ruby程序,需要到rubygem去安装redis的包 yum install rubygems gem install redis #如果这样不能安装就下载到本地安装吧 下面进行测试,使用redis-cli 首先登入6380这个端口的redis服务 ./redis-cli -c -h 192.168.1.25 -p 6380 192.168.1.25:6380> set name andyhua.chen 退出后重新登入6379端口的redis服务 ./redis-cli -c -h 192.168.1.25 -p 6379 192.168.1.25:6379> get name #如果没有集群的话,这里肯定是没有的,现在则出现如下情况 -> Redirected to slot [5798] located at 192.168.1.25:6380 "andyhua.chen" 192.168.1.25:6380> #可以看到get之后终端自动跳转到了6380端口下并取得了之前set过的name的值
./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.1.25:6379 192.168.1.25:6380 192.168.1.25:6381 192.168.1.25:6382 192.168.1.25:6383 192.168.1.25:6384 #这里的--replicas 1 表示每个主节点下有一个从节点 #分片情况如下: NodeA: slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master NodeB: slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master NodeC: slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
#如果不要从节点的方法如下 ./redis-trib.rb create --replicas 0 192.168.1.25:6379 192.168.1.25:6380 192.168.1.25:6381 #分片情况如下: NodeA: slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master NodeB: slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master NodeC: slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
./redis-trib.rb check 192.168.1.25:6379 #在创建集群里redis会自动执行这样的检测,当然你也可以自己运行这个check,端口(节点)也是任一其中一个 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Connecting to node 192.168.1.25:6379: OK Connecting to node 192.168.1.25:6381: OK Connecting to node 192.168.1.25:6380: OK >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.1.25:6379) M: 5dfa7d9f2dbb4ab64b71f2713538125354c88462 192.168.1.25:6379 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master 0 additional replica(s) M: 47b1c1df820ff5e9057a526f69e9fe4fdd9800e9 192.168.1.25:6381 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master 0 additional replica(s) M: c97f77ebcba3f48b9da07329b0e4e2943ded88c9 192.168.1.25:6380 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master 0 additional replica(s) [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. >>> Check for open slots... >>> Check slots coverage... [OK] All 16384 slots covered.
#查看集群节点的相关信息 redis-cli -p 6379 -h 192.168.1.25 cluster nodes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47b1c1df820ff5e9057a526f69e9fe4fdd9800e9 192.168.1.25:6381 master - 0 1416900312414 3 connected 10923-16383 c97f77ebcba3f48b9da07329b0e4e2943ded88c9 192.168.1.25:6380 master - 0 1416900313439 2 connected 5461-10922 5dfa7d9f2dbb4ab64b71f2713538125354c88462 192.168.1.25:6379 myself,master - 0 0 1 connected 0-5460 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #官方文档里列表参数的说明: * Node ID * ip:port * flags: master, slave, myself, fail, ... * if it is a slave, the Node ID of the master * Time of the last pending PING still waiting for a reply. * Time of the last PONG received. * Configuration epoch for this node (see the Cluster specification). * Status of the link to this node. * Slots served...
#添加节点的测试,需求:把6382这个节点作为slave添加到6379这个master节点上 #命令如下:(两个命令都可行) ./redis-trib.rb add-node --slave 192.168.1.25:6382 192.168.1.25:6379 ./redis-trib.rb add-node --slave master-id 5dfa7d9f2dbb4ab64b71f2713538125354c88462 192.168.1.25:6382 192.168.1.25:6379 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #检测集群节点相关信息 redis-cli -p 6379 -h 192.168.1.25 cluster nodes --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- c31fb6f027db72876cb36e606b93817736e0ce81 192.168.1.25:6382 slave 5dfa7d9f2dbb4ab64b71f2713538125354c88462 0 1416901290565 1 connected 47b1c1df820ff5e9057a526f69e9fe4fdd9800e9 192.168.1.25:6381 master - 0 1416901293638 3 connected 10923-16383 c97f77ebcba3f48b9da07329b0e4e2943ded88c9 192.168.1.25:6380 master - 0 1416901291590 2 connected 5461-10922 5dfa7d9f2dbb4ab64b71f2713538125354c88462 192.168.1.25:6379 myself,master - 0 0 1 connected 0-5460 #根据官方文档列表参数说明的第4行说明 #5dfa7d9f2dbb4ab64b71f2713538125354c88462就是master的NodeID #那么我们再看6379节点的NodeID正好也是5dfa7d9f2dbb4ab64b71f2713538125354c88462
#如果需要改变主从关系,比如将6383这个服务节点从master(6380)转变成master(6379),那么如下 redis-cli -p 6383 -h 192.168.1.25 192.168.1.25:6383> cluster replicate 5dfa7d9f2dbb4ab64b71f2713538125354c88462 #5dfa7d9f2dbb4ab64b71f2713538125354c88462是master(6379)的NodeID