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前言 何为PostgreSQL? PostgreSQL简史 格式约定 更多信息 臭虫汇报指导 I. 教程 章1. 从头开始 1.1. 安装 1.2. 体系基本概念 1.3. 创建一个数据库 1.4. 访问数据库 章2. SQL语言 2.1. 介绍 2.2. 概念 2.3. 创建新表 2.4. 向表中添加行 2.5. 查询一个表 2.6. 表间链接 2.7. 聚集函数 2.8. 更新 2.9. 删除 章3. 高级特性 3.1. 介绍 3.2. 视图 3.3. 外键 3.4. 事务 3.5. 窗口函数 3.6. 继承 3.7. 结论 II. SQL语言 章4. SQL语法 4.1. 词法结构 4.2. 值表达式 4.3. 调用函数 章5. 数据定义 5.1. 表的基本概念 5.2. 缺省值 5.3. 约束 5.4. 系统字段 5.5. 修改表 5.6. 权限 5.7. 模式 5.8. 继承 5.9. 分区 5.10. 其它数据库对象 5.11. 依赖性跟踪 章 6. 数据操作 6.1. 插入数据 6.2. 更新数据 6.3. 删除数据 章7. 查询 7.1. 概述 7.2. 表表达式 7.3. 选择列表 7.4. 组合查询 7.5. 行排序 7.6. LIMIT和OFFSET 7.7. VALUES列表 7.8. WITH的查询(公用表表达式) 章8. 数据类型 8.1. 数值类型 8.2. 货币类型 8.3. 字符类型 8.4. 二进制数据类型 8.5. 日期/时间类型 8.6. 布尔类型 8.7. 枚举类型 8.8. 几何类型 8.9. 网络地址类型 8.10. 位串类型 8.11. 文本搜索类型 8.12. UUID类型 8.13. XML类型 8.14. 数组 8.15. 复合类型 8.16. 对象标识符类型 8.17. 伪类型 章 9. 函数和操作符 9.1. 逻辑操作符 9.2. 比较操作符 9.3. 数学函数和操作符 9.4. 字符串函数和操作符 9.5. 二进制字符串函数和操作符 9.6. 位串函数和操作符 9.7. 模式匹配 9.8. 数据类型格式化函数 9.9. 时间/日期函数和操作符 9.10. 支持枚举函数 9.11. 几何函数和操作符 9.12. 网络地址函数和操作符 9.13. 文本检索函数和操作符 9.14. XML函数 9.15. 序列操作函数 9.16. 条件表达式 9.17. 数组函数和操作符 9.18. 聚合函数 9.19. 窗口函数 9.20. 子查询表达式 9.21. 行和数组比较 9.22. 返回集合的函数 9.23. 系统信息函数 9.24. 系统管理函数 9.25. 触发器函数 章10. 类型转换 10.3. 函数 10.2. 操作符 10.1. 概述 10.4. 值存储 10.5. UNION 章11. 索引 11.1. 介绍 11.2. 索引类型 11.3. 多字段索引 11.4. 索引和ORDER BY 11.5. 组合多个索引 11.6. 唯一索引 11.7. 表达式上的索引 11.8. 部分索引 11.9. 操作类和操作簇 11.10. 检查索引的使用 章12. Full Text Search 12.1. Introduction 12.2. Tables and Indexes 12.3. Controlling Text Search 12.4. Additional Features 12.5. Parsers 12.6. Dictionaries 12.7. Configuration Example 12.8. Testing and Debugging Text Search 12.9. GiST and GIN Index Types 12.10. psql Support 12.11. Limitations 12.12. Migration from Pre-8.3 Text Search 章13. 并发控制 13.1. 介绍 13.2. 事务隔离 13.3. 明确锁定 13.4. 应用层数据完整性检查 13.5. 锁和索引 章14. 性能提升技巧 14.1. 使用EXPLAIN 14.2. 规划器使用的统计信息 14.3. 用明确的JOIN语句控制规划器 14.4. 向数据库中添加记录 14.5. 非持久性设置 III. 服务器管理 章15. 安装指导 15.1. 简版 15.2. 要求 15.3. 获取源码 15.4. 升级 15.5. 安装过程 15.6. 安装后的设置 15.7. 支持的平台 15.8. 特殊平台的要求 章16. Installation from Source Code on Windows 16.1. Building with Visual C++ or the Platform SDK 16.2. Building libpq with Visual C++ or Borland C++ 章17. 服务器安装和操作 17.1. PostgreSQL用户帐户 17.2. 创建数据库集群 17.3. 启动数据库服务器 17.4. 管理内核资源 17.5. 关闭服务 17.6. 防止服务器欺骗 17.7. 加密选项 17.8. 用SSL进行安全的TCP/IP连接 17.9. Secure TCP/IP Connections with SSH Tunnels 章18. 服务器配置 18.1. 设置参数 18.2. 文件位置 18.3. 连接和认证 18.4. 资源消耗 18.5. 预写式日志 18.6. 查询规划 18.7. 错误报告和日志 18.8. 运行时统计 18.9. 自动清理 18.10. 客户端连接缺省 18.12. 版本和平台兼容性 18.11. 锁管理 18.13. 预置选项 18.14. 自定义的选项 18.15. 开发人员选项 18.16. 短选项 章19. 用户认证 19.1. pg_hba.conf 文件 19.2. 用户名映射 19.3. 认证方法 19.4. 用户认证 章20. 数据库角色和权限 20.1. 数据库角色 20.2. 角色属性 20.3. 权限 20.4. 角色成员 20.5. 函数和触发器 章21. 管理数据库 21.1. 概述 21.2. 创建一个数据库 21.3. 临时库 21.4. 数据库配置 21.5. 删除数据库 21.6. 表空间 章22. 本土化 22.1. 区域支持 22.2. 字符集支持 章23. 日常数据库维护工作 23.1. Routine Vacuuming日常清理 23.2. 经常重建索引 23.3. 日志文件维护 章24. 备份和恢复 24.1. SQL转储 24.2. 文件系统级别的备份 24.3. 在线备份以及即时恢复(PITR) 24.4. 版本间迁移 章25. 高可用性与负载均衡,复制 25.1. 不同解决方案的比较 25.2. 日志传送备份服务器 25.3. 失效切换 25.4. 日志传送的替代方法 25.5. 热备 章26. 恢复配置 26.1. 归档恢复设置 26.2. 恢复目标设置 26.3. 备服务器设置 章27. 监控数据库的活动 27.1. 标准Unix工具 27.2. 统计收集器 27.3. 查看锁 27.4. 动态跟踪 章28. 监控磁盘使用情况 28.1. 判断磁盘的使用量 28.2. 磁盘满导致的失效 章29. 可靠性和预写式日志 29.1. 可靠性 29.2. 预写式日志(WAL) 29.3. 异步提交 29.4. WAL配置 29.5. WAL内部 章30. Regression Tests 30.1. Running the Tests 30.2. Test Evaluation 30.3. Variant Comparison Files 30.4. Test Coverage Examination IV. 客户端接口 章31. libpq-C库 31.1. 数据库联接函数 31.2. 连接状态函数 31.3. 命令执行函数 31.4. 异步命令处理 31.5. 取消正在处理的查询 31.6. 捷径接口 31.7. 异步通知 31.8. 与COPY命令相关的函数 31.9. Control Functions 控制函数 31.10. 其他函数 31.11. 注意信息处理 31.12. 事件系统 31.13. 环境变量 31.14. 口令文件 31.15. 连接服务的文件 31.16. LDAP查找连接参数 31.17. SSL支持 31.18. 在多线程程序里的行为 31.19. 制作libpq程序 31.20. 例子程序 章32. 大对象 32.1. 介绍 32.2. 实现特点 32.3. 客户端接口 32.4. 服务器端函数 32.5. 例子程序 章33. ECPG - Embedded SQL in C 33.1. The Concept 33.2. Connecting to the Database Server 33.3. Closing a Connection 33.4. Running SQL Commands 33.5. Choosing a Connection 33.6. Using Host Variables 33.7. Dynamic SQL 33.8. pgtypes library 33.9. Using Descriptor Areas 33.10. Informix compatibility mode 33.11. Error Handling 33.12. Preprocessor directives 33.13. Processing Embedded SQL Programs 33.14. Library Functions 33.15. Internals 章34. 信息模式 34.1. 关于这个模式 34.2. 数据类型 34.3. information_schema_catalog_name 34.4. administrable_role_authorizations 34.5. applicable_roles 34.6. attributes 34.7. check_constraint_routine_usage 34.8. check_constraints 34.9. column_domain_usage 34.10. column_privileges 34.11. column_udt_usage 34.12. 字段 34.13. constraint_column_usage 34.14. constraint_table_usage 34.15. data_type_privileges 34.16. domain_constraints 34.18. domains 34.17. domain_udt_usage 34.19. element_types 34.20. enabled_roles 34.21. foreign_data_wrapper_options 34.22. foreign_data_wrappers 34.23. foreign_server_options 34.24. foreign_servers 34.25. key_column_usage 34.26. parameters 34.27. referential_constraints 34.28. role_column_grants 34.29. role_routine_grants 34.30. role_table_grants 34.31. role_usage_grants 34.32. routine_privileges 34.33. routines 34.34. schemata 34.35. sequences 34.36. sql_features 34.37. sql_implementation_info 34.38. sql_languages 34.39. sql_packages 34.40. sql_parts 34.41. sql_sizing 34.42. sql_sizing_profiles 34.43. table_constraints 34.44. table_privileges 34.45. tables 34.46. triggered_update_columns 34.47. 触发器 34.48. usage_privileges 34.49. user_mapping_options 34.50. user_mappings 34.51. view_column_usage 34.52. view_routine_usage 34.53. view_table_usage 34.54. 视图 V. 服务器端编程 章35. 扩展SQL 35.1. 扩展性是如何实现的 35.2. PostgreSQL类型系统 35.3. User-Defined Functions 35.4. Query Language (SQL) Functions 35.5. Function Overloading 35.6. Function Volatility Categories 35.7. Procedural Language Functions 35.8. Internal Functions 35.9. C-Language Functions 35.10. User-Defined Aggregates 35.11. User-Defined Types 35.12. User-Defined Operators 35.13. Operator Optimization Information 35.14. Interfacing Extensions To Indexes 35.15. 用C++扩展 章36. 触发器 36.1. 触发器行为概述 36.3. 用 C 写触发器 36.2. 数据改变的可视性 36.4. 一个完整的例子 章37. 规则系统 37.1. The Query Tree 37.2. 视图和规则系统 37.3. 在INSERT,UPDATE和DELETE上的规则 37.4. 规则和权限 37.5. 规则和命令状态 37.6. 规则与触发器得比较 章38. Procedural Languages 38.1. Installing Procedural Languages 章39. PL/pgSQL - SQL过程语言 39.1. 概述 39.2. PL/pgSQL的结构 39.3. 声明 39.4. 表达式 39.5. 基本语句 39.6. 控制结构 39.7. 游标 39.8. 错误和消息 39.9. 触发器过程 39.10. PL/pgSQL Under the Hood 39.11. 开发PL/pgSQL的一些提示 39.12. 从OraclePL/SQL 进行移植 章40. PL/Tcl - Tcl Procedural Language 40.1. Overview 40.2. PL/Tcl Functions and Arguments 40.3. Data Values in PL/Tcl 40.4. Global Data in PL/Tcl 40.5. Database Access from PL/Tcl 40.6. Trigger Procedures in PL/Tcl 40.7. Modules and the unknown command 40.8. Tcl Procedure Names 章41. PL/Perl - Perl Procedural Language 41.1. PL/Perl Functions and Arguments 41.2. Data Values in PL/Perl 41.3. Built-in Functions 41.4. Global Values in PL/Perl 41.6. PL/Perl Triggers 41.5. Trusted and Untrusted PL/Perl 41.7. PL/Perl Under the Hood 章42. PL/Python - Python Procedural Language 42.1. Python 2 vs. Python 3 42.2. PL/Python Functions 42.3. Data Values 42.4. Sharing Data 42.5. Anonymous Code Blocks 42.6. Trigger Functions 42.7. Database Access 42.8. Utility Functions 42.9. Environment Variables 章43. Server Programming Interface 43.1. Interface Functions Spi-spi-connect Spi-spi-finish Spi-spi-push Spi-spi-pop Spi-spi-execute Spi-spi-exec Spi-spi-execute-with-args Spi-spi-prepare Spi-spi-prepare-cursor Spi-spi-prepare-params Spi-spi-getargcount Spi-spi-getargtypeid Spi-spi-is-cursor-plan Spi-spi-execute-plan Spi-spi-execute-plan-with-paramlist Spi-spi-execp Spi-spi-cursor-open Spi-spi-cursor-open-with-args Spi-spi-cursor-open-with-paramlist Spi-spi-cursor-find Spi-spi-cursor-fetch Spi-spi-cursor-move Spi-spi-scroll-cursor-fetch Spi-spi-scroll-cursor-move Spi-spi-cursor-close Spi-spi-saveplan 43.2. Interface Support Functions Spi-spi-fname Spi-spi-fnumber Spi-spi-getvalue Spi-spi-getbinval Spi-spi-gettype Spi-spi-gettypeid Spi-spi-getrelname Spi-spi-getnspname 43.3. Memory Management Spi-spi-palloc Spi-realloc Spi-spi-pfree Spi-spi-copytuple Spi-spi-returntuple Spi-spi-modifytuple Spi-spi-freetuple Spi-spi-freetupletable Spi-spi-freeplan 43.4. Visibility of Data Changes 43.5. Examples VI. 参考手册 I. SQL命令 Sql-abort Sql-alteraggregate Sql-alterconversion Sql-alterdatabase Sql-alterdefaultprivileges Sql-alterdomain Sql-alterforeigndatawrapper Sql-alterfunction Sql-altergroup Sql-alterindex Sql-alterlanguage Sql-alterlargeobject Sql-alteroperator Sql-alteropclass Sql-alteropfamily Sql-alterrole Sql-alterschema Sql-altersequence Sql-alterserver Sql-altertable Sql-altertablespace Sql-altertsconfig Sql-altertsdictionary Sql-altertsparser Sql-altertstemplate Sql-altertrigger Sql-altertype Sql-alteruser Sql-alterusermapping Sql-alterview Sql-analyze Sql-begin Sql-checkpoint Sql-close Sql-cluster Sql-comment Sql-commit Sql-commit-prepared Sql-copy Sql-createaggregate Sql-createcast Sql-createconstraint Sql-createconversion Sql-createdatabase Sql-createdomain Sql-createforeigndatawrapper Sql-createfunction Sql-creategroup Sql-createindex Sql-createlanguage Sql-createoperator Sql-createopclass Sql-createopfamily Sql-createrole Sql-createrule Sql-createschema Sql-createsequence Sql-createserver Sql-createtable Sql-createtableas Sql-createtablespace Sql-createtsconfig Sql-createtsdictionary Sql-createtsparser Sql-createtstemplate Sql-createtrigger Sql-createtype Sql-createuser Sql-createusermapping Sql-createview Sql-deallocate Sql-declare Sql-delete Sql-discard Sql-do Sql-dropaggregate Sql-dropcast Sql-dropconversion Sql-dropdatabase Sql-dropdomain Sql-dropforeigndatawrapper Sql-dropfunction Sql-dropgroup Sql-dropindex Sql-droplanguage Sql-dropoperator Sql-dropopclass Sql-dropopfamily Sql-drop-owned Sql-droprole Sql-droprule Sql-dropschema Sql-dropsequence Sql-dropserver Sql-droptable Sql-droptablespace Sql-droptsconfig Sql-droptsdictionary Sql-droptsparser Sql-droptstemplate Sql-droptrigger Sql-droptype Sql-dropuser Sql-dropusermapping Sql-dropview Sql-end Sql-execute Sql-explain Sql-fetch Sql-grant Sql-insert Sql-listen Sql-load Sql-lock Sql-move Sql-notify Sql-prepare Sql-prepare-transaction Sql-reassign-owned Sql-reindex Sql-release-savepoint Sql-reset Sql-revoke Sql-rollback Sql-rollback-prepared Sql-rollback-to Sql-savepoint Sql-select Sql-selectinto Sql-set Sql-set-constraints Sql-set-role Sql-set-session-authorization Sql-set-transaction Sql-show Sql-start-transaction Sql-truncate Sql-unlisten Sql-update Sql-vacuum Sql-values II. 客户端应用程序 App-clusterdb App-createdb App-createlang App-createuser App-dropdb App-droplang App-dropuser App-ecpg App-pgconfig App-pgdump App-pg-dumpall App-pgrestore App-psql App-reindexdb App-vacuumdb III. PostgreSQL服务器应用程序 App-initdb App-pgcontroldata App-pg-ctl App-pgresetxlog App-postgres App-postmaster VII. 内部 章44. PostgreSQL内部概览 44.1. 查询路径 44.2. 连接是如何建立起来的 44.3. 分析器阶段 44.4. ThePostgreSQL规则系统 44.5. 规划器/优化器 44.6. 执行器 章45. 系统表 45.1. 概述 45.2. pg_aggregate 45.3. pg_am 45.4. pg_amop 45.5. pg_amproc 45.6. pg_attrdef 45.7. pg_attribute 45.8. pg_authid 45.9. pg_auth_members 45.10. pg_cast 45.11. pg_class 45.12. pg_constraint 45.13. pg_conversion 45.14. pg_database 45.15. pg_db_role_setting 45.16. pg_default_acl 45.17. pg_depend 45.18. pg_description 45.19. pg_enum 45.20. pg_foreign_data_wrapper 45.21. pg_foreign_server 45.22. pg_index 45.23. pg_inherits 45.24. pg_language 45.25. pg_largeobject 45.26. pg_largeobject_metadata 45.27. pg_namespace 45.28. pg_opclass 45.29. pg_operator 45.30. pg_opfamily 45.31. pg_pltemplate 45.32. pg_proc 45.33. pg_rewrite 45.34. pg_shdepend 45.35. pg_shdescription 45.36. pg_statistic 45.37. pg_tablespace 45.38. pg_trigger 45.39. pg_ts_config 45.40. pg_ts_config_map 45.41. pg_ts_dict 45.42. pg_ts_parser 45.43. pg_ts_template 45.44. pg_type 45.45. pg_user_mapping 45.46. System Views 45.47. pg_cursors 45.48. pg_group 45.49. pg_indexes 45.50. pg_locks 45.51. pg_prepared_statements 45.52. pg_prepared_xacts 45.53. pg_roles 45.54. pg_rules 45.55. pg_settings 45.56. pg_shadow 45.57. pg_stats 45.58. pg_tables 45.59. pg_timezone_abbrevs 45.60. pg_timezone_names 45.61. pg_user 45.62. pg_user_mappings 45.63. pg_views 章46. Frontend/Backend Protocol 46.1. Overview 46.2. Message Flow 46.3. Streaming Replication Protocol 46.4. Message Data Types 46.5. Message Formats 46.6. Error and Notice Message Fields 46.7. Summary of Changes since Protocol 2.0 47. PostgreSQL Coding Conventions 47.1. Formatting 47.2. Reporting Errors Within the Server 47.3. Error Message Style Guide 章48. Native Language Support 48.1. For the Translator 48.2. For the Programmer 章49. Writing A Procedural Language Handler 章50. Genetic Query Optimizer 50.1. Query Handling as a Complex Optimization Problem 50.2. Genetic Algorithms 50.3. Genetic Query Optimization (GEQO) in PostgreSQL 50.4. Further Reading 章51. 索引访问方法接口定义 51.1. 索引的系统表记录 51.2. 索引访问方法函数 51.3. 索引扫描 51.4. 索引锁的考量 51.5. 索引唯一性检查 51.6. 索引开销估计函数 章52. GiST Indexes 52.1. Introduction 52.2. Extensibility 52.3. Implementation 52.4. Examples 52.5. Crash Recovery 章53. GIN Indexes 53.1. Introduction 53.2. Extensibility 53.3. Implementation 53.4. GIN tips and tricks 53.5. Limitations 53.6. Examples 章54. 数据库物理存储 54.1. 数据库文件布局 54.2. TOAST 54.3. 自由空间映射 54.4. 可见映射 54.5. 数据库分页文件 章55. BKI后端接口 55.1. BKI 文件格式 55.2. BKI命令 55.3. 系统初始化的BKI文件的结构 55.4. 例子 章56. 规划器如何使用统计信息 56.1. 行预期的例子 VIII. 附录 A. PostgreSQL错误代码 B. 日期/时间支持 B.1. 日期/时间输入解析 B.2. 日期/时间关键字 B.3. 日期/时间配置文件 B.4. 日期单位的历史 C. SQL关键字 D. SQL Conformance D.1. Supported Features D.2. Unsupported Features E. Release Notes Release-0-01 Release-0-02 Release-0-03 Release-1-0 Release-1-01 Release-1-02 Release-1-09 Release-6-0 Release-6-1 Release-6-1-1 Release-6-2 Release-6-2-1 Release-6-3 Release-6-3-1 Release-6-3-2 Release-6-4 Release-6-4-1 Release-6-4-2 Release-6-5 Release-6-5-1 Release-6-5-2 Release-6-5-3 Release-7-0 Release-7-0-1 Release-7-0-2 Release-7-0-3 Release-7-1 Release-7-1-1 Release-7-1-2 Release-7-1-3 Release-7-2 Release-7-2-1 Release-7-2-2 Release-7-2-3 Release-7-2-4 Release-7-2-5 Release-7-2-6 Release-7-2-7 Release-7-2-8 Release-7-3 Release-7-3-1 Release-7-3-10 Release-7-3-11 Release-7-3-12 Release-7-3-13 Release-7-3-14 Release-7-3-15 Release-7-3-16 Release-7-3-17 Release-7-3-18 Release-7-3-19 Release-7-3-2 Release-7-3-20 Release-7-3-21 Release-7-3-3 Release-7-3-4 Release-7-3-5 Release-7-3-6 Release-7-3-7 Release-7-3-8 Release-7-3-9 Release-7-4 Release-7-4-1 Release-7-4-10 Release-7-4-11 Release-7-4-12 Release-7-4-13 Release-7-4-14 Release-7-4-15 Release-7-4-16 Release-7-4-17 Release-7-4-18 Release-7-4-19 Release-7-4-2 Release-7-4-20 Release-7-4-21 Release-7-4-22 Release-7-4-23 Release-7-4-24 Release-7-4-25 Release-7-4-26 Release-7-4-27 Release-7-4-28 Release-7-4-29 Release-7-4-3 Release-7-4-30 Release-7-4-4 Release-7-4-5 Release-7-4-6 Release-7-4-7 Release-7-4-8 Release-7-4-9 Release-8-0 Release-8-0-1 Release-8-0-10 Release-8-0-11 Release-8-0-12 Release-8-0-13 Release-8-0-14 Release-8-0-15 Release-8-0-16 Release-8-0-17 Release-8-0-18 Release-8-0-19 Release-8-0-2 Release-8-0-20 Release-8-0-21 Release-8-0-22 Release-8-0-23 Release-8-0-24 Release-8-0-25 Release-8-0-26 Release-8-0-3 Release-8-0-4 Release-8-0-5 Release-8-0-6 Release-8-0-7 Release-8-0-8 Release-8-0-9 Release-8-1 Release-8-1-1 Release-8-1-10 Release-8-1-11 Release-8-1-12 Release-8-1-13 Release-8-1-14 Release-8-1-15 Release-8-1-16 Release-8-1-17 Release-8-1-18 Release-8-1-19 Release-8-1-2 Release-8-1-20 Release-8-1-21 Release-8-1-22 Release-8-1-23 Release-8-1-3 Release-8-1-4 Release-8-1-5 Release-8-1-6 Release-8-1-7 Release-8-1-8 Release-8-1-9 Release-8-2 Release-8-2-1 Release-8-2-10 Release-8-2-11 Release-8-2-12 Release-8-2-13 Release-8-2-14 Release-8-2-15 Release-8-2-16 Release-8-2-17 Release-8-2-18 Release-8-2-19 Release-8-2-2 Release-8-2-20 Release-8-2-21 Release-8-2-3 Release-8-2-4 Release-8-2-5 Release-8-2-6 Release-8-2-7 Release-8-2-8 Release-8-2-9 Release-8-3 Release-8-3-1 Release-8-3-10 Release-8-3-11 Release-8-3-12 Release-8-3-13 Release-8-3-14 Release-8-3-15 Release-8-3-2 Release-8-3-3 Release-8-3-4 Release-8-3-5 Release-8-3-6 Release-8-3-7 Release-8-3-8 Release-8-3-9 Release-8-4 Release-8-4-1 Release-8-4-2 Release-8-4-3 Release-8-4-4 Release-8-4-5 Release-8-4-6 Release-8-4-7 Release-8-4-8 Release-9-0 Release-9-0-1 Release-9-0-2 Release-9-0-3 Release-9-0-4 F. 额外提供的模块 F.1. adminpack F.2. auto_explain F.3. btree_gin F.4. btree_gist F.5. chkpass F.6. citext F.7. cube F.8. dblink Contrib-dblink-connect Contrib-dblink-connect-u Contrib-dblink-disconnect Contrib-dblink Contrib-dblink-exec Contrib-dblink-open Contrib-dblink-fetch Contrib-dblink-close Contrib-dblink-get-connections Contrib-dblink-error-message Contrib-dblink-send-query Contrib-dblink-is-busy Contrib-dblink-get-notify Contrib-dblink-get-result Contrib-dblink-cancel-query Contrib-dblink-get-pkey Contrib-dblink-build-sql-insert Contrib-dblink-build-sql-delete Contrib-dblink-build-sql-update F.9. dict_int F.10. dict_xsyn F.11. earthdistance F.12. fuzzystrmatch F.13. hstore F.14. intagg F.15. intarray F.16. isn F.17. lo F.18. ltree F.19. oid2name F.20. pageinspect F.21. passwordcheck F.22. pg_archivecleanup F.23. pgbench F.24. pg_buffercache F.25. pgcrypto F.26. pg_freespacemap F.27. pgrowlocks F.28. pg_standby F.29. pg_stat_statements F.30. pgstattuple F.31. pg_trgm F.32. pg_upgrade F.33. seg F.34. spi F.35. sslinfo F.36. tablefunc F.37. test_parser F.38. tsearch2 F.39. unaccent F.40. uuid-ossp F.41. vacuumlo F.42. xml2 G. 外部项目 G.1. 客户端接口 G.2. 过程语言 G.3. 扩展 H. The Source Code Repository H.1. Getting The Source Via Git I. 文档 I.1. DocBook I.2. 工具集 I.3. 制作文档 I.4. 文档写作 I.5. 风格指导 J. 首字母缩略词 参考书目 Bookindex Index
文字

D.2. Unsupported Features

The following features defined in SQL:2008 are not implemented in this release of PostgreSQL. In a few cases, equivalent functionality is available.

Identifier Package Description Comment
B011   Embedded Ada  
B013   Embedded COBOL  
B014   Embedded Fortran  
B015   Embedded MUMPS  
B016   Embedded Pascal  
B017   Embedded PL/I  
B031   Basic dynamic SQL  
B032   Extended dynamic SQL  
B032-01   <describe input statement>  
B033   Untyped SQL-invoked function arguments  
B034   Dynamic specification of cursor attributes  
B035   Non-extended descriptor names  
B041   Extensions to embedded SQL exception declarations  
B051   Enhanced execution rights  
B111   Module language Ada  
B112   Module language C  
B113   Module language COBOL  
B114   Module language Fortran  
B115   Module language MUMPS  
B116   Module language Pascal  
B117   Module language PL/I  
B121   Routine language Ada  
B122   Routine language C  
B123   Routine language COBOL  
B124   Routine language Fortran  
B125   Routine language MUMPS  
B126   Routine language Pascal  
B127   Routine language PL/I  
B128   Routine language SQL  
E081 Core Basic Privileges  
E081-09 Core USAGE privilege  
E153 Core Updatable queries with subqueries  
E182 Core Module language  
F121   Basic diagnostics management  
F121-01   GET DIAGNOSTICS statement  
F121-02   SET TRANSACTION statement: DIAGNOSTICS SIZE clause  
F122   Enhanced diagnostics management  
F123   All diagnostics  
F181 Core Multiple module support  
F202   TRUNCATE TABLE: identity column restart option  
F262   Extended CASE expression  
F263   Comma-separated predicates in simple CASE expression  
F291   UNIQUE predicate  
F301   CORRESPONDING in query expressions  
F311 Core Schema definition statement  
F311-04 Core CREATE VIEW: WITH CHECK OPTION  
F312   MERGE statement  
F313   Enhanced MERGE statement  
F341   Usage tables  
F394   Optional normal form specification  
F403   Partitioned joined tables  
F451   Character set definition  
F461   Named character sets  
F521 Enhanced integrity management Assertions  
F641   Row and table constructors  
F671 Enhanced integrity management Subqueries in CHECK intentionally omitted
F690   Collation support  
F692   Enhanced collation support  
F693   SQL-session and client module collations  
F695   Translation support  
F696   Additional translation documentation  
F721   Deferrable constraints foreign and unique keys only
F741   Referential MATCH types no partial match yet
F751   View CHECK enhancements  
F812 Core Basic flagging  
F813   Extended flagging  
F821   Local table references  
F831   Full cursor update  
F831-01   Updatable scrollable cursors  
F831-02   Updatable ordered cursors  
F841   LIKE_REGEX predicate  
F842   OCCURENCES_REGEX function  
F843   POSITION_REGEX function  
F844   SUBSTRING_REGEX function  
F845   TRANSLATE_REGEX function  
F846   Octet support in regular expression operators  
F847   Nonconstant regular expressions  
S011 Core Distinct data types  
S011-01 Core USER_DEFINED_TYPES view  
S023 Basic object support Basic structured types  
S024 Enhanced object support Enhanced structured types  
S025   Final structured types  
S026   Self-referencing structured types  
S027   Create method by specific method name  
S028   Permutable UDT options list  
S041 Basic object support Basic reference types  
S043 Enhanced object support Enhanced reference types  
S051 Basic object support Create table of type  
S081 Enhanced object support Subtables  
S091   Basic array support partially supported
S091-01   Arrays of built-in data types  
S091-02   Arrays of distinct types  
S091-03   Array expressions  
S094   Arrays of reference types  
S097   Array element assignment  
S151 Basic object support Type predicate  
S161 Enhanced object support Subtype treatment  
S162   Subtype treatment for references  
S202   SQL-invoked routines on multisets  
S231 Enhanced object support Structured type locators  
S232   Array locators  
S233   Multiset locators  
S241   Transform functions  
S242   Alter transform statement  
S251   User-defined orderings  
S261   Specific type method  
S271   Basic multiset support  
S272   Multisets of user-defined types  
S274   Multisets of reference types  
S275   Advanced multiset support  
S281   Nested collection types  
S291   Unique constraint on entire row  
S301   Enhanced UNNEST  
S401   Distinct types based on array types  
S402   Distinct types based on distinct types  
S403   MAX_CARDINALITY  
S404   TRIM_ARRAY  
T011   Timestamp in Information Schema  
T021   BINARY and VARBINARY data types  
T022   Advanced support for BINARY and VARBINARY data types  
T023   Compound binary literal  
T024   Spaces in binary literals  
T041 Basic object support Basic LOB data type support  
T041-01 Basic object support BLOB data type  
T041-02 Basic object support CLOB data type  
T041-03 Basic object support POSITION, LENGTH, LOWER, TRIM, UPPER, and SUBSTRING functions for LOB data types  
T041-04 Basic object support Concatenation of LOB data types  
T041-05 Basic object support LOB locator: non-holdable  
T042   Extended LOB data type support  
T043   Multiplier T  
T044   Multiplier P  
T051   Row types  
T052   MAX and MIN for row types  
T053   Explicit aliases for all-fields reference  
T061   UCS support  
T101   Enhanced nullability determiniation  
T111   Updatable joins, unions, and columns  
T174   Identity columns  
T175   Generated columns  
T176   Sequence generator support  
T177   Sequence generator support: simple restart option  
T178   Identity columns: simple restart option  
T211 Active database, Enhanced integrity management Basic trigger capability  
T211-06 Active database, Enhanced integrity management Support for run-time rules for the interaction of triggers and constraints  
T211-08 Active database, Enhanced integrity management Multiple triggers for the same event are executed in the order in which they were created in the catalog intentionally omitted
T213   INSTEAD OF triggers  
T251   SET TRANSACTION statement: LOCAL option  
T261   Chained transactions  
T272   Enhanced savepoint management  
T285   Enhanced derived column names  
T301   Functional dependencies  
T321 Core Basic SQL-invoked routines  
T321-02 Core User-defined stored procedures with no overloading  
T321-04 Core CALL statement  
T321-05 Core RETURN statement  
T324   Explicit security for SQL routines  
T325   Qualified SQL parameter references  
T326   Table functions  
T331   Basic roles  
T332   Extended roles  
T431 OLAP Extended grouping capabilities  
T432   Nested and concatenated GROUPING SETS  
T433   Multiargument GROUPING function  
T434   GROUP BY DISTINCT  
T471   Result sets return value  
T491   LATERAL derived table  
T511   Transaction counts  
T541   Updatable table references  
T561   Holdable locators  
T571   Array-returning external SQL-invoked functions  
T572   Multiset-returning external SQL-invoked functions  
T601   Local cursor references  
T611 OLAP Elementary OLAP operations most forms supported
T612   Advanced OLAP operations some forms supported
T613   Sampling  
T616   Null treatment option for LEAD and LAG functions  
T618   NTH_VALUE function function exists, but some options missing
T641   Multiple column assignment only some syntax variants supported
T652   SQL-dynamic statements in SQL routines  
T653   SQL-schema statements in external routines  
T654   SQL-dynamic statements in external routines  
M001   Datalinks  
M002   Datalinks via SQL/CLI  
M003   Datalinks via Embedded SQL  
M004   Foreign data support  
M005   Foreign schema support  
M006   GetSQLString routine  
M007   TransmitRequest  
M009   GetOpts and GetStatistics routines  
M010   Foreign data wrapper support  
M011   Datalinks via Ada  
M012   Datalinks via C  
M013   Datalinks via COBOL  
M014   Datalinks via Fortran  
M015   Datalinks via M  
M016   Datalinks via Pascal  
M017   Datalinks via PL/I  
M018   Foreign data wrapper interface routines in Ada  
M019   Foreign data wrapper interface routines in C  
M020   Foreign data wrapper interface routines in COBOL  
M021   Foreign data wrapper interface routines in Fortran  
M022   Foreign data wrapper interface routines in MUMPS  
M023   Foreign data wrapper interface routines in Pascal  
M024   Foreign data wrapper interface routines in PL/I  
M030   SQL-server foreign data support  
M031   Foreign data wrapper general routines  
X012   Multisets of XML type  
X013   Distinct types of XML type  
X014   Attributes of XML type  
X015   Fields of XML type  
X025   XMLCast  
X030   XMLDocument  
X038   XMLText  
X065   XMLParse: BLOB input and CONTENT option  
X066   XMLParse: BLOB input and DOCUMENT option  
X068   XMLSerialize: BOM  
X069   XMLSerialize: INDENT  
X073   XMLSerialize: BLOB serialization and CONTENT option  
X074   XMLSerialize: BLOB serialization and DOCUMENT option  
X075   XMLSerialize: BLOB serialization  
X076   XMLSerialize: VERSION  
X077   XMLSerialize: explicit ENCODING option  
X078   XMLSerialize: explicit XML declaration  
X080   Namespaces in XML publishing  
X081   Query-level XML namespace declarations  
X082   XML namespace declarations in DML  
X083   XML namespace declarations in DDL  
X084   XML namespace declarations in compound statements  
X085   Predefined namespace prefixes  
X086   XML namespace declarations in XMLTable  
X091   XML content predicate  
X096   XMLExists  
X100   Host language support for XML: CONTENT option  
X101   Host language support for XML: DOCUMENT option  
X110   Host language support for XML: VARCHAR mapping  
X111   Host language support for XML: CLOB mapping  
X112   Host language support for XML: BLOB mapping  
X113   Host language support for XML: STRIP WHITESPACE option  
X114   Host language support for XML: PRESERVE WHITESPACE option  
X131   Query-level XMLBINARY clause  
X132   XMLBINARY clause in DML  
X133   XMLBINARY clause in DDL  
X134   XMLBINARY clause in compound statements  
X135   XMLBINARY clause in subqueries  
X141   IS VALID predicate: data-driven case  
X142   IS VALID predicate: ACCORDING TO clause  
X143   IS VALID predicate: ELEMENT clause  
X144   IS VALID predicate: schema location  
X145   IS VALID predicate outside check constraints  
X151   IS VALID predicate with DOCUMENT option  
X152   IS VALID predicate with CONTENT option  
X153   IS VALID predicate with SEQUENCE option  
X155   IS VALID predicate: NAMESPACE without ELEMENT clause  
X157   IS VALID predicate: NO NAMESPACE with ELEMENT clause  
X160   Basic Information Schema for registered XML Schemas  
X161   Advanced Information Schema for registered XML Schemas  
X170   XML null handling options  
X171   NIL ON NO CONTENT option  
X181   XML(DOCUMENT(UNTYPED)) type  
X182   XML(DOCUMENT(ANY)) type  
X190   XML(SEQUENCE) type  
X191   XML(DOCUMENT(XMLSCHEMA)) type  
X192   XML(CONTENT(XMLSCHEMA)) type  
X200   XMLQuery  
X201   XMLQuery: RETURNING CONTENT  
X202   XMLQuery: RETURNING SEQUENCE  
X203   XMLQuery: passing a context item  
X204   XMLQuery: initializing an XQuery variable  
X205   XMLQuery: EMPTY ON EMPTY option  
X206   XMLQuery: NULL ON EMPTY option  
X211   XML 1.1 support  
X221   XML passing mechanism BY VALUE  
X222   XML passing mechanism BY REF  
X231   XML(CONTENT(UNTYPED)) type  
X232   XML(CONTENT(ANY)) type  
X241   RETURNING CONTENT in XML publishing  
X242   RETURNING SEQUENCE in XML publishing  
X251   Persistent XML values of XML(DOCUMENT(UNTYPED)) type  
X252   Persistent XML values of XML(DOCUMENT(ANY)) type  
X253   Persistent XML values of XML(CONTENT(UNTYPED)) type  
X254   Persistent XML values of XML(CONTENT(ANY)) type  
X255   Persistent XML values of XML(SEQUENCE) type  
X256   Persistent XML values of XML(DOCUMENT(XMLSCHEMA)) type  
X257   Persistent XML values of XML(CONTENT(XMLSCHEMA)) type  
X260   XML type: ELEMENT clause  
X261   XML type: NAMESPACE without ELEMENT clause  
X263   XML type: NO NAMESPACE with ELEMENT clause  
X264   XML type: schema location  
X271   XMLValidate: data-driven case  
X272   XMLValidate: ACCORDING TO clause  
X273   XMLValidate: ELEMENT clause  
X274   XMLValidate: schema location  
X281   XMLValidate: with DOCUMENT option  
X282   XMLValidate with CONTENT option  
X283   XMLValidate with SEQUENCE option  
X284   XMLValidate NAMESPACE without ELEMENT clause  
X286   XMLValidate: NO NAMESPACE with ELEMENT clause  
X300   XMLTable  
X301   XMLTable: derived column list option  
X302   XMLTable: ordinality column option  
X303   XMLTable: column default option  
X304   XMLTable: passing a context item  
X305   XMLTable: initializing an XQuery variable  
X400   Name and identifier mapping  

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