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在安装 Docker 之后，您可以尝试 Docker API。
或者，为您正在使用的语言安装 SDK。官方 SDK 可用于 Python 和 Go，以及一些社区维护的其他语言库。
了解有关安装和使用 Docker SDK的更多信息。
这些例子展示了如何使用 Python，Go或curl直接使用来执行相同的操作。
版本化的 API
这里使用的 Python 和 Go 示例没有指定要使用的 API 版本，因为它们使用长期以来一直是 Docker 一部分的功能。Docker API完全向后兼容。
要查看 Docker 守护进程和客户端支持的API的最高版本，请使用docker version：
$ docker version Client: Version: 17.04.0-ce API version: 1.28 Go version: go1.7.5 Git commit: 4845c56 Built: Wed Apr 5 06:06:36 2017 OS/Arch: darwin/amd64 Server: Version: 17.04.0-ce API version: 1.28 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.7.5 Git commit: 4845c56 Built: Tue Apr 4 00:37:25 2017 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: true
您可以通过以下方式之一指定要使用的 API 版本：
curl直接使用时，请将版本指定为 URL 的第一部分。例如，如果端点是/containers/，您可以使用/v1.27/containers/。
对于 SDK，或强制 Docker CLI 使用特定版本的 API，请将环境变量
DOCKER_API_VERSION设置为正确的版本。这适用于 Linux，Windows 或 MacOS 客户端。
DOCKER_API_VERSION = '1.27'
虽然环境变量已设置，但即使 Docker 守护程序支持较新版本，也会使用该版本的API。
对于 SDK，您还可以通过编程方式指定 API 版本作为
client对象的参数。请参阅Go的构造函数或Python SDK文档client。API 示例运行容器第一个示例演示如何使用 Docker API 运行容器。在命令行上，您可以使用该docker run命令，但这同样适用于您自己的应用程序。这与docker run alpine echo hello world在命令提示符下键入相同：
Python
Go
Curl
import docker
client = docker.from_env()print client.containers.run("alpine", ["echo", "hello", "world"])package mainimport ( "io" "os" "github.com/docker/docker/client" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container" "golang.org/x/net/context")func main() {
ctx := context.Background()
cli, err := client.NewEnvClient() if err != nil { panic(err) }
_, err = cli.ImagePull(ctx, "docker.io/library/alpine", types.ImagePullOptions{}) if err != nil { panic(err) }
resp, err := cli.ContainerCreate(ctx, &container.Config{
Image: "alpine",
Cmd: []string{"echo", "hello world"}, }, nil, nil, "") if err != nil { panic(err) } if err := cli.ContainerStart(ctx, resp.ID, types.ContainerStartOptions{}); err != nil { panic(err) } if _, err = cli.ContainerWait(ctx, resp.ID); err != nil { panic(err) }
out, err := cli.ContainerLogs(ctx, resp.ID, types.ContainerLogsOptions{ShowStdout: true}) if err != nil { panic(err) }
io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -d '{"Image": "alpine", "Cmd": ["echo", "hello world"]}' \ -X POST http:/v1.24/containers/create{"Id":"1c6594faf5","Warnings":null}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock -X POST http:/v1.24/containers/1c6594faf5/start
$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock -X POST http:/v1.24/containers/1c6594faf5/wait{"StatusCode":0}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock "http:/v1.24/containers/1c6594faf5/logs?stdout=1"hello world在后台运行一个容器
你也可以在后台运行容器，相当于输入docker run -d bfirsh/reticulate-splines：
Python
Go
Curl
import docker
client = docker.from_env()container = client.containers.run("bfirsh/reticulate-splines", detach=True)print container.idpackage mainimport ( "fmt" "io" "os" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container" "github.com/docker/docker/client" "golang.org/x/net/context")func main() {
ctx := context.Background()
cli, err := client.NewEnvClient() if err != nil { panic(err) }
imageName := "bfirsh/reticulate-splines"
out, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, imageName, types.ImagePullOptions{}) if err != nil { panic(err) }
io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)
resp, err := cli.ContainerCreate(ctx, &container.Config{
Image: imageName, }, nil, nil, "") if err != nil { panic(err) } if err := cli.ContainerStart(ctx, resp.ID, types.ContainerStartOptions{}); err != nil { panic(err) }
fmt.Println(resp.ID)}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock -H "Content-Type: application/json" \ -d '{"Image": "bfirsh/reticulate-splines"}' \ -X POST http:/v1.24/containers/create{"Id":"1c6594faf5","Warnings":null}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock -X POST http:/v1.24/containers/1c6594faf5/start列出并管理容器
您可以使用 API 列出正在运行的容器，就像使用一样docker ps：
Python
Go
Curl
import docker client = docker.from_env()for container in client.containers.list(): print container.id
package mainimport ( "context" "fmt" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types" "github.com/docker/docker/client")func main() {
cli, err := client.NewEnvClient() if err != nil { panic(err) }
containers, err := cli.ContainerList(context.Background(), types.ContainerListOptions{}) if err != nil { panic(err) } for _, container := range containers {
fmt.Println(container.ID) }}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http:/v1.24/containers/json[{ "Id":"ae63e8b89a26f01f6b4b2c9a7817c31a1b6196acf560f66586fbc8809ffcd772", "Names":["/tender_wing"], "Image":"bfirsh/reticulate-splines", ...}]停止所有运行的容器
现在您知道存在哪些容器，您可以对它们执行操作。例如，要停止所有正在运行的容器：
Python
Go
Curl
import docker client = docker.from_env()for container in client.containers.list(): container.stop()
package mainimport ( "context" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types" "github.com/docker/docker/client")func main() {
ctx := context.Background()
cli, err := client.NewEnvClient() if err != nil { panic(err) }
containers, err := cli.ContainerList(ctx, types.ContainerListOptions{}) if err != nil { panic(err) } for _, container := range containers { if err := cli.ContainerStop(ctx, container.ID, nil); err != nil { panic(err) } }}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http:/v1.24/containers/json[{ "Id":"ae63e8b89a26f01f6b4b2c9a7817c31a1b6196acf560f66586fbc8809ffcd772", "Names":["/tender_wing"], "Image":"bfirsh/reticulate-splines", ...}]$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock \ -X POST http:/v1.24/containers/ae63e8b89a26/stop打印特定容器的日志
您也可以对单个容器执行操作。这个例子打印给定 ID 的容器的日志：
Python
Go
Curl
import docker
client = docker.from_env()container = client.containers.get('f1064a8a4c82')print container.logs()package mainimport ( "context" "io" "os" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types" "github.com/docker/docker/client")func main() {
ctx := context.Background()
cli, err := client.NewEnvClient() if err != nil { panic(err) }
options := types.ContainerLogsOptions{ShowStdout: true}
out, err := cli.ContainerLogs(ctx, "f1064a8a4c82", options) if err != nil { panic(err) }
io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock "http:/v1.24/containers/ca5f55cdb/logs?stdout=1"Reticulating spline 1...Reticulating spline 2...Reticulating spline 3...Reticulating spline 4...Reticulating spline 5...
列出所有图像
列出引擎上的图像，类似于docker images：
Python
Go
Curl
import docker client = docker.from_env()for image in client.images.list(): print image.id
package mainimport ( "context" "fmt" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types" "github.com/docker/docker/client")func main() {
cli, err := client.NewEnvClient() if err != nil { panic(err) }
images, err := cli.ImageList(context.Background(), types.ImageListOptions{}) if err != nil { panic(err) } for _, image := range images {
fmt.Println(image.ID) }}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http:/v1.24/images/json[{ "Id":"sha256:31d9a31e1dd803470c5a151b8919ef1988ac3efd44281ac59d43ad623f275dcd", "ParentId":"sha256:ee4603260daafe1a8c2f3b78fd760922918ab2441cbb2853ed5c439e59c52f96", ...}]Pull image
Pull images，像docker pull：
Python
Go
Curl
import docker
client = docker.from_env()image = client.images.pull("alpine")print image.idpackage mainimport ( "io" "os" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types" "github.com/docker/docker/client" "golang.org/x/net/context")func main() {
ctx := context.Background()
cli, err := client.NewEnvClient() if err != nil { panic(err) }
out, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "alpine", types.ImagePullOptions{}) if err != nil { panic(err) }
defer out.Close()
io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)}$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock \ -X POST "http:/v1.24/images/create?fromImage=alpine"{"status":"Pulling from library/alpine","id":"3.1"}{"status":"Pulling fs layer","progressDetail":{},"id":"8f13703509f7"}{"status":"Downloading","progressDetail":{"current":32768,"total":2244027},"progress":"[\u003e ] 32.77 kB/2.244 MB","id":"8f13703509f7"}...Pull images with authentication
docker pull通过身份验证提取图片，例如：
注意：凭证以明文形式发送。Docker 官方注册管理机构使用 HTTPS。私人注册管理机构也应配置为使用 HTTPS。
Python
Go
Curl
Python SDK 从凭证存储文件中检索认证信息并与凭证助手集成。可以覆盖这些凭据，但这不在本入门指南的范围之内。使用后docker login，Python SDK会自动使用这些凭据。
import docker
client = docker.from_env()image = client.images.pull("alpine")print image.idpackage mainimport ( "io" "os" "encoding/json" "encoding/base64" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types" "github.com/docker/docker/client" "golang.org/x/net/context")func main() {
ctx := context.Background()
cli, err := client.NewEnvClient() if err != nil { panic(err) }
authConfig := types.AuthConfig{
Username: "username",
Password: "password", }
encodedJSON, err := json.Marshal(authConfig) if err != nil { panic(err) }
authStr := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(encodedJSON)
out, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "alpine", types.ImagePullOptions{RegistryAuth:
authStr}) if err != nil { panic(err) }
defer out.Close()
io.Copy(os.Stdout, out)}这个例子会将证书留在你 shell 的历史记录中，所以认为这是一个天真的实现。凭证以 Base-64 编码的 JSON结构形式传递。
$ JSON=$(echo '{"username": "string", "password": "string", "serveraddress": "string"}' | base64)$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock \ -H "Content-Type: application/tar"
-X POST "http:/v1.24/images/create?fromImage=alpine" -H "X-Registry-Auth" -d "$JSON"{"status":"Pulling from library/alpine","id":"3.1"}{"status":"Pulling fs layer","progressDetail":{},"id":"8f13703509f7"}{"status":"Downloading","progressDetail":{"current":32768,"total":2244027},"progress":"[\u003e ] 32.77 kB/2.244 MB","id":"8f13703509f7"}...提交容器
提交容器以从其内容创建图像：
Python
Go
Curl
import docker
client = docker.from_env()container = client.containers.run("alpine", ["touch", "/helloworld"], detach=True)container.wait()image = container.commit("helloworld")print image.idpackage mainimport ( "fmt" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types" "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container" "github.com/docker/docker/client" "golang.org/x/net/context")func main() {
ctx := context.Background()
cli, err := client.NewEnvClient() if err != nil { panic(err) }
createResp, err := cli.ContainerCreate(ctx, &container.Config{
Image: "alpine",
Cmd: []string{"touch", "/helloworld"}, }, nil, nil, "") if err != nil { panic(err) } if err := cli.ContainerStart(ctx, createResp.ID, types.ContainerStartOptions{}); err != nil { panic(err) } if _, err = cli.ContainerWait(ctx, createResp.ID); err != nil { panic(err) }
commitResp, err := cli.ContainerCommit(ctx, createResp.ID, types.ContainerCommitOptions{Reference: "helloworld"}) if err != nil { panic(err) }
fmt.Println(commitResp.ID)}$ docker run -d alpine touch /helloworld
0888269a9d584f0fa8fc96b3c0d8d57969ceea3a64acf47cd34eebb4744dbc52
$ curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock\ -X POST "http:/v1.24/commit?container=0888269a9d&repo=helloworld"{"Id":"sha256:6c86a5cd4b87f2771648ce619e319f3e508394b5bfc2cdbd2d60f59d52acda6c"}下一步
Python SDK的完整文档
Go SDK的完整文档
HTTPAPI的完整文档