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本教程将向您介绍Docker Engine Swarm模式的功能。在开始之前，您可能想熟悉一下关键概念。
本教程将指导您完成以下活动：
以群集模式初始化Docker引擎群集
向群中添加节点
将应用服务部署到群中
一旦你运行了全部，管理群
本教程使用在终端窗口的命令行中输入的Docker Engine CLI命令。您应该能够在网络机器上安装Docker，并且能够在您选择的外壳中运行命令。
如果您是Docker的全新用户，请参阅关于Docker Engine。
设置
要运行本教程，您需要以下内容：
安装了Docker的三台Linux主机，它们可以通过网络进行通信
Docker引擎1.12或更高版本安装
管理器机器的IP地址
打开主机之间的端口
三台联网主机
本教程需要三台安装了Docker并可通过网络进行通信的Linux主机。这些可以是物理机器，虚拟机，Amazon EC2实例或以其他方式托管。您甚至可以使用Linux，Mac或Windows主机上的Docker Machine。检查入门 - Swarms为主机设置一个可能的设置。
其中一台机器将成为经理（称为manager1），其中两人将成为工人（worker1和worker2）。
注意：您也可以按照许多教程步骤来测试单节点群，在这种情况下，您只需要一台主机。多节点命令不起作用，但您可以初始化群集，创建服务并对其进行扩展。
Docker引擎1.12或更新版本
本教程需要在每台主机上安装Docker Engine 1.12或更高版本。安装Docker Engine并验证Docker Engine守护进程正在每台机器上运行。您可以按照以下方式获取最新版本的Docker Engine：
在Linux机器上安装Docker引擎
Mac使用Docker或Windows使用Docker
在Linux机器上安装Docker引擎
如果您使用基于Linux的物理计算机或云提供的计算机作为主机，只需按照适用于您的平台的Linux安装说明进行操作即可。旋转三台机器，你就准备好了。您可以在Linux机器上测试单节点和多节点swarm场景。
Mac使用Docker或Windows使用Docker
或者，在一台计算机上安装最新的Docker for Mac或Docker for Windows应用程序。您可以从这台计算机上测试单节点和多节点群集，但是您需要使用Docker Machine来测试多节点场景。
您可以使用Docker for Mac或Windows来测试群集模式的单节点功能，包括使用单节点初始化群集，创建服务以及扩展服务。Hyperkit（Mac）或Hyper-V（Windows）上的Docker“Moby”将作为单个群集节点。
目前，您无法单独使用Docker for Mac或Windows来测试多节点群。但是，您可以使用随附的Docker Machine版本创建swarm节点（请参阅Docker Machine入门和本地VM），然后按照教程了解所有多节点功能。对于这种情况，您从一个码头工人的Mac或码头的Windows主机的命令，但码头工人主机本身不参与群（即，它不会
manager1，worker1或worker2在我们的例子）。创建节点后，可以运行Mac终端或Windows PowerShell中显示的所有swarm命令，其中Docker for Mac或Docker for Windows正在运行。
管理机的IP地址
IP地址必须分配给主机操作系统可用的网络接口。群中的所有节点必须能够通过IP地址访问管理器。
由于其他节点通过其IP地址联系管理器节点，因此应使用固定的IP地址。
您可以ifconfig在Linux或macOS上运行以查看可用网络接口的列表。
如果您使用的是Docker Machine，则可以使用docker-machine ls或者docker-machine ip <MACHINE-NAME>- 例如，来获取管理器IP docker-machine ip manager1。
本教程使用manager1：192.168.99.100。
在主机之间打开协议和端口
以下端口必须可用。在某些系统上，这些端口默认打开。
TCP端口2377用于集群管理通信
tcp和UDP端口7946用于节点间的通信
UDP端口4789用于覆盖网络流量
如果您计划使用encryption（--opt encrypted）创建覆盖网络，则还需要确保允许ip协议50（ESP）通信。